Corynebacterium faecale sp. nov., isolated from the faeces of Assamese macaque.

A Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, short rod-shaped, oxidase-negative and non-motile novel strain, designated YIM 101505T, was isolated from the faeces of a primate, Assamese macaque, and was studied to determine its taxonomic position. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and short-chain mycolic acids. Whole cell sugars were mannose, galactose and arabinose as major components. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were C18 : 1ω9c, C16 : 0 and C17 : 1ω8c and the major menaquinone was MK-9(H2). The polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, glycolipid and six unidentified lipids. The new isolate shared most of the typical chemotaxonomic characteristics of members of the genus Corynebacterium. The closest related species was Corynebacterium efficiens based on 16S rRNA gene (98.1 % similarity) and partial rpoB gene (91.4 % similarity) sequences. Similarities with other species of this genus were below 97 % based on the 16S rRNA gene. The DNA-DNA hybridization value between YIM 101505T and C. efficiens DSM 44549T was 47.7±3.6 %. Moreover, the physiological and biochemical characteristics of YIM 101505T and C. efficiens DSM 44549T were different. Thus, strain YIM 101505T is considered to represent a novel member of the genus Corynebacterium, for which the name Corynebacterium faecale sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 101505T (=DSM 45971T=CCTCC AB 2013226T).

Enteractinococcus lamae sp. nov. and Enteractinococcus viverrae sp. nov., isolated from animal faeces.

Two novel actinobacteria, designated strains YIM 101617(T) and YIM 101632(T), were isolated from Lama pacos (alpaca) and Viverra zibetha (civet) faeces in Yunnan Wild Animal Park in Yunnan province, southwestern China. Both strains should be placed in genus Enteractinococcus based on phylogenetic analysis. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain YIM 101617(T) exhibits high similarity to Enteractinococcus fodinae DSM 22966(T) (97.70 %) and Enteractinococcus coprophilus YIM 100590(T) (97.45 %), whilst YIM 101632(T) exhibits high similarity to Enteractinococcus coprophilus YIM 100590(T) (97.25 %), and the similarity between YIM 101617(T) and YIM 101632(T) is 95.90 %. However, DNA-DNA hybridization values of the two strains with the type strains in the genus Enteractinococcus were low (<70 %). Most morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the two strains were found to be similar to those of species in the genus Enteractinococcus but also some differences were observed. The DNA G+C contents of strains YIM 101617(T) and YIM 101632(T) were determined to be 55.9 and 56.4 mol%, respectively. Based on these data, the two strains are concluded to represent two different novel species in the genus Enteractinococcus. The names Enteractinococcus lamae sp. nov. (type strain YIM 101617(T)=DSM 27612(T)=CCTCC AB 2013230(T)) and Enteractinococcus viverrae sp. nov. (type strain YIM 101632(T)=KCTC 39552(T)=CCTCC AB 2013280(T)) are proposed, respectively.