Effects of immune cells on ischemic stroke and the mediating roles of metabolites.

Objective: Previous studies have not shown an association between IgD-CD24-B-cell absolute count (IgD-CD24-AC) and ischemic stroke (IS). Our study aimed to assess the causal effect of IgD-CD24-AC on IS and to explore the role of ascorbic acid 2-sulfate (AA2S) as a potential mediator. Methods: Our study was based on the largest available genome-wide association study (GWAS). Inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median (WMN), simple mode, and weighted mode methods were used to assess causal effects, with IVW as the primary outcome. Subsequently, we further performed a two-step MR analysis to evaluate whether AA2S mediated this causal effect. In addition, several sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate heterogeneity, including Cochran's Q test, the MR-Egger intercept test, the MR-PRESSO global test, and the leave-one-out analysis. Results: Using the IVW approach, the risk ratio of IgD-CD24-AC to IS was estimated to be 1.216 (95% CI = 1.079-1.371, p = 0.001). This result was supported by the WMN method (OR = 1.204, 95% CI = 1.020-1.421, p = 0.028) and the MR-Egger method (OR = 1.177, 95% CI = 0.962-1.442, p = 0.133). We also observed the same trend with the simple model and weighted model. Furthermore, the proportion of genetically predicted IgD-CD24-AC mediated through AA2S levels was 3.73%. Conclusion: Our study revealed a causal relationship between IgD-CD24-AC and IS, a small part of which was mediated by AA2S. These findings offer critical insights for developing immune-targeted therapies in the future and lay a strong foundation for advancements in precision medicine.

Association Between Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index and Cognitive Function Among Aging Americans from NHANES 2011-2014.

Background: Antioxidant diets are considered to be protective factors for cognitive function. However, comprehensive measures of antioxidant diets are lacking. Objective: To examine the association between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) and cognitive function in the elderly. Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 2,456 participants (≥60 years old) from NHANES 2011-2014. Calculation of CDAI based on 6 minerals and vitamins (manganese, selenium, zinc, vitamins A, C, and E). Cognitive function was measured by the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) Word Learning sub-test, Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). We also created a composite cognitive z-score to represent global cognition. The statistical analyses we used included multiple linear regression analyses, subgroup analyses, curve-fitting analyses, and threshold effects analyses. Results: After controlling for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and disease history, multivariate linear regression analyses showed that increased CDAI was positively associated with scores on global cognitive function and each cognitive domain (p < 0.05), with subgroup analyses suggesting that this association was more pronounced in stroke patients (p for interaction < 0.05). Curve-fitting analyses and threshold effect analyses showed saturation effects between CDAI and CREAD Test, AFT, and composite Z-score, and an inverted U-shaped relationship with DSST, with inflection points of -1.89, 0.79, 1.13, and 1.77, respectively. Conclusions: Our findings support that higher levels of CDAI are correlated with significantly elevated cognitive function. Maintaining CDAI in an appropriate range may contribute to cognitive health in elderly.

An L-shaped association between composite dietary antioxidant index and stroke: Evidence from NHANES 2011-2020.

OBJECTIVES: Antioxidant diets are considered to be protective factors against stroke. However, comprehensive measurement and evaluation of antioxidant diets are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) and stroke in adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2020 data, multivariate logistic regression, smoothing curve fitting, and threshold effect analysis were used to explore the relationship between CDAI and stroke. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were conducted to assess the stability of this association within the population. RESULTS: Among 12,922 U.S. adults, there was a significant negative correlation between CDAI and the prevalence of stroke. In the fully adjusted model, the risk of stroke was reduced by 4 % for each 1-unit increase in CDAI (OR [95% CI] = 0.96 [0.93, 0.99]). Participants in the highest quartile of the CDAI had a 37 % lower risk of stroke than those in the lowest quartile (OR [95% CI] = 0.63 [0.47, 0.84]). This negative correlation remained stable across subgroups. Furthermore, the study revealed an L-shaped association between CDAI and stroke through smoothing curve fitting. The threshold effect analysis further identified the inflection point as -1.55. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed an L-shaped relationship between CDAI and stroke. Keeping CDAI in the proper range may help prevent stroke in the general population.

Comparison of domestic infantile type video intubationscope and stethoscope in positioning of double-lumen endobronchial tube / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To compare the effect of the domestic infantile type video intubationscope (VIS) and stethoscope in positioning of double-lumen endobronchial tube (DLT). Methods 100 cases of patients underwent elective thoracic surgery requiring single lung ventilation were randomly divided into two groups: domestic infantile type video intubationscope group (group V) and stethoscope group (group S), with 50 cases in each. After intubating with a DLT, the positions of DLT were judged and adjusted by VIS (group V) and stethoscope (group S) respectively, and then reviewed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB), the positioning time and accuracy were recorded. Results Comparing with the group S, the positioning time of DLT was significantly shorter and the total positioning accuracy of DLT was significantly higher in group V (P < 0.05). Conclusion It is easy and quickly, high accuracy with domestic infantile type video intubationscope in positioning of DLT, which is worthy of clinical popularization and application.

Comparison of domestic infantile type video intubationscope and stethoscope in positioning of double-lumen endobronchial tube / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To compare the effect of the domestic infantile type video intubationscope (VIS) and stethoscope in positioning of double-lumen endobronchial tube (DLT). Methods 100 cases of patients underwent elective thoracic surgery requiring single lung ventilation were randomly divided into two groups: domestic infantile type video intubationscope group (group V) and stethoscope group (group S), with 50 cases in each. After intubating with a DLT, the positions of DLT were judged and adjusted by VIS (group V) and stethoscope (group S) respectively, and then reviewed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB), the positioning time and accuracy were recorded. Results Comparing with the group S, the positioning time of DLT was significantly shorter and the total positioning accuracy of DLT was significantly higher in group V (P < 0.05). Conclusion It is easy and quickly, high accuracy with domestic infantile type video intubationscope in positioning of DLT, which is worthy of clinical popularization and application.

Gold(I)-catalyzed highly diastereo- and enantioselective alkyne oxidation/cyclopropanation of 1,6-enynes.

A highly enantioselective oxidative cyclopropanation of 1,6-enynes catalyzed by cationic Au(I)/chiral phophoramidite complexes is presented. The new method provides convenient access to densely functionalized bicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes bearing three contiguous quaternary and tertiary stereogenic centers with high enantioselectivity (up to e.r. 98:2). Control experiments suggest that the quinoline moiety of the ß-gold vinyloxyquinolinium intermediate in the reaction plays an important role in promoting good enantioselectivity through a transitional auxiliary effect in the transition state.

Asymmetric Michael addition of substituted rhodanines to α,ß-unsaturated ketones catalyzed by bulky primary amines.

A bulky group was introduced by design into a diamine catalyst, and a series of robust and tunable bulky chiral primary amine catalysts were developed and successfully applied in the direct conjugate addition of substituted rhodanines to α,ß-unsaturated ketones. High yields (up to 99%) and excellent diastereoselectivities (up to 99:1 dr) and enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee) were observed.