Development of patient versions of guidelines in Chinese mainland: A systematic survey of current practices and methods.

OBJECTIVES: To review current practices and methods underlying the development of patient versions of guidelines (PVGs) in Chinese mainland. METHODS: We systematically searched for PVGs created or published between January 2010 and February 2022. We conducted a framework analysis for the development process and assessed the compliance of PVGs using the Reporting Checklist for Public Versions of Guidelines (RIGHT-PVG). RESULTS: We identified 26 PVGs developed by 16 PVG-working teams. In accordance with the Guidelines International Network (GIN), only two PVGs were translated using one clinical practice guideline (CPG) provided by the CPG-working group source. Several CPGs and other information sources were integrated and translated into a single PVG by other PVG teams. Moreover, we identified various practices described by different PVG teams that could be structured into six steps. Out of the 17 RIGHT-PVG items, five items were fully reported in all PVGs, while two items ("Provide a summary of the PVG" and "Provide a list of terms and abbreviations") were not reported in any of the PVGs. CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: A relatively small number of PVGs were developed in Chinese mainland. The development of a PVG requires comprehensive methodological guidance based on several CPGs and other sources of information as opposed to only using one.

Complete genome sequence of Bacillus velezensis WB, an isolate from the watermelon rhizosphere: genomic insights into its antifungal effects.

OBJECTIVES: Here, we report the complete genome of strain WB, isolated from the rhizosphere of a healthy watermelon from a Fusarium wilt diseased field, which possesses antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon) and reduces the incidence of Fusarium wilt in watermelon. METHODS: Genome sequences were determined using the Illumina HiSeq and PacBio platforms. Genome assembly was performed by Unicycler software. Gene clusters responsible for secondary metabolite biosynthesis were predicted using antiSMASH. RESULTS: The size of the genome was 3 896 799 base pairs, and there were 3977 coding DNA sequences (CDSs). The G+C content of the circular genome was 46.65%, and there were 27 rRNAs and 86 tRNAs. Strain WB was finally designated Bacillus velezensis based on phylogenomic analyses. In addition, 13 gene clusters were related to the synthesis of antimicrobial secondary metabolites, including surfactin, fengycin, iturin, bacillibactin, bacilysin, bacillaene, and butirosin. CONCLUSION: The complete genome sequence of strain WB reported here will be a valuable reference for studying the biocontrol mechanisms of Fusarium wilt in watermelon.

[Construction of perioperative oral care program for elderly patients with oral cancer based on Delphi method].

PURPOSE: To construct an oral care program for elderly patients with oral cancer during perioperative period. METHODS: Based on the content analysis of the guidelines and personal in-depth interviews of the doctors, nurses and patients, according to the clinical characteristics of the elderly patients with oral cancer and treatments, combined with PDCA cycle, the first draft of perioperative oral care program for the elderly patients with oral cancer was constructed. Delphi method was used to carry out two rounds of mail inquiry to 16 experts in related fields to determine the scheme. Excel 2016, SPSS 25.0 software package were used for statistical description and analysis. RESULTS: The questionnaire return rate of the two rounds of expert consultation was 100% and the overall expert authority coefficient was 0.84. After two rounds of expert consultation, the variation coefficient of each index was 0-0.240, and the overall coordination coefficient was 0.171. The oral care program was formed in three stages: preoperative, postoperative, and during radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The preoperative stage included 4 dimensions, 12 first-level items, 56 second-level items; the postoperative stage included 4 dimensions, 18 first-level items, 102 second-level items; the radiochemotherapy stage included 4 dimensions, 13 first-level items and 35 second-level items. CONCLUSIONS: The perioperative oral care program of the elderly patients with oral cancer accords with the characteristics of the elderly patients with oral cancer during perioperative period, which meets the oral care needs of this group of patients. The construction of the program is reliable and provides a reference for clinical practice.

[Establishment of an evidence-based protocol for tracheotomy care in adult patients].

PURPOSE: To establish a clinical practice protocol for tracheotomy care of adult patients. METHODS: Though constructive document retrieval, personnel interview and brain-storming, protocol draft was constructed. Delphi method was used in the study, and the final protocol was based on two rounds of consultation among 15 experts from 10 tertiary general hospitals. SPSS 16.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The effective rates of two rounds of questionnaire were 100% and 93.3%, the authority coefficient was 0.83, and the P value of expert coordination coefficients W was less than 0.05. The final evidence-based protocol for tracheotomy care in adult patients consists of 5 sections, 16 dimensions and 61 items. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence-based tracheotomy care protocol was combined with Chinese clinical status and experts' opinion. The protocol was scientific and credible, which may play an important role in clinical practice.

A microarray-based gastric carcinoma prewarning system.

AIM: To develop a microarray-based prewarning system consisting of gastric cancer chip, prewarning data and analysis software for early detection of gastric cancer and pre-cancerous lesions. METHODS: Two high-density chips with 8,464 human cDNA sites were used to primarily identify potential genes specific for normal gastric mucosa, pre-cancerous lesion and gastric cancer. The low-density chips, composed of selected genes associated with normal gastric mucosa, precancerous lesion and gastric cancer, were fabricated and used to screen 150 specimens including 60 specimens of gastric cancer, 60 of pre-cancerous tissues and 30 of normal gastric mucosa. CAD software was used to screen out the relevant genes and their critical threshold values of expression levels distinguishing normal mucosa from pre-cancerous lesion and cancer. All data were stored in a computer database to establish a prewarning data library for gastric cancer. Two potential markers brcaa1 and ndr1 were identified by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: A total of 412 genes associated with three stages of gastric cancer development were identified. There were 216 genes displaying higher expression in gastric cancer, 85 genes displaying higher expression in pre-cancerous lesion and 88 genes displaying higher expression in normal gastric mucosa. Also 15 genes associated with metastasis of gastric cancer and 8 genes associated with risk factors were screened out for target genes of diagnosis chip of early gastric cancer. The threshold values of 412 selected genes to distinguish gastric cancer, pre-cancerous lesion from normal gastric mucosa were defined as 6.01+/-2.40, 4.86+/-1.94 and 5.42+/-2.17, respectively. These selected 412 genes and critical threshold values were compiled into an analysis software, which can automatically provide reports by analyzing the results of 412 genes obtained by examining gastric tissues. All data were compiled into a prewarning database for gastric cancer by CGO software. Northern blot and immunohistochemistry analysis confirmed that gene and protein of brcaa1 displayed lower expression in normal gastric mucosa and higher expression in gastric cancer tissues, conversely, ndr1 displayed lower expression in gastric cancer and higher expression in normal gastric mucosa. CONCLUSION: The microarray-based prewarning system for gastric cancer was developed. This system consisted of gastric cancer-associated gene chip, prewarning data and analysis software, which has a high potential for applications in the early detection of gastric cancer. The two potential markers brcaa1 and ndr1 identified may be used to distinguish cancer status fand non-cancer status.