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OBJECTIVES: Bacterial liver abscess is one of the common infectious diseases of the digestive system. Invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess syndrome (IKLAS) refers to cases where, in addition to liver abscess, there are migratory infections foci or other invasive manifestations. The clinical characteristics and risk factors of IKLAS are not fully elucidated, and there is a lack of research on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different treatment methods. This study aims to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with IKLAS and non-IKLAS, and explore effective and economical treatment methods. METHODS: This retrospective study collected medical records of patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess treated at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2010 to December 2023. A total of 201 patients were included, dividing into an IKLAS group (n=37) and a non-IKLAS group (n=164). Differences in demographics, symptoms and signs, laboratory indicators, imaging characteristics, comorbidities, treatment methods, treatment outcomes, and direct treatment costs between 2 groups were analyzed. The study also compared the effectiveness and costs of different treatment methods. RESULTS: Compared with the non-IKLAS group, the proportion of patients with diabetes, Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA)≥2, immune deficiency, anemia, and thrombocytopenia in the IKLAS group was higher, and the level of procalcitonin at the onset in the IKLAS group was also higher (all P<0.05). In terms of symptoms and signs, the IKLAS group had a higher proportion of visual abnormalities and a lower proportion of complaints of abdominal pain (both P<0.05). In terms of complications, the incidence of combined pleural effusion, pulmonary infection, acute renal failure, respiratory failure, and multiple organ failure was higher in the IKLAS group (all P<0.05). The IKLAS group had a higher proportion of patients treated with antibiotics alone (24.32% vs 11.59%), while the non-IKLAS group had a higher proportion of patients treated with antibiotics combined with puncture and drainage (86.59% vs 64.86%, both P<0.05). The overall effective rate of the IKLAS group (83.78%) was lower than that of the non-IKLAS group (95.73%), and the treatment and drug costs were higher (all P<0.05). The treatment method of antibiotics combined with surgical resection of infectious foci showed a 100% improvement rate, antibiotics combined with abscess puncture and drainage had an 84.9% improvement rate, and in antibiotics alone had an 82.1% improvement rate, with statistical differences among the 3 treatment methods (P<0.05). In terms of treatment costs, antibiotics alone were the most expensive (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with IKLAS have poorer prognosis and higher direct medical costs. The combination of abscess puncture and drainage or surgery has a higher improvement rate and lower hospitalization costs compared to antibiotics alone, suggesting that surgical intervention may reduce antibiotic costs and save medical expenses.
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Infecções por Klebsiella , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Abscesso Hepático , Humanos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Klebsiella/terapia , Infecções por Klebsiella/economia , Abscesso Hepático/terapia , Abscesso Hepático/microbiologia , Abscesso Hepático/economia , Masculino , Feminino , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Antibacterianos/economia , Drenagem/métodos , Drenagem/economia , Resultado do Tratamento , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the causal correlation between depression and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS: We searched the FinnGen Consortium database for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on depression and obtained 23 424 case samples and 192 220 control samples, with the GWAS data on SUI provided by the UK Biobank, including 4 340 case samples and 458 670 control samples. We investigated the correlation between depression and SUI based on the depression data collected from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC). We employed inverse-variance weighting as the main method for the MR study, and performed sensitivity analysis to verify the accuracy and stability of the findings. RESULTS: Analysis of the data from the UK Biobank and FinnGen Consortium showed that depression was significantly correlated with an increased risk of SUI (P=0.005), but not SUI with the risk of depression (P=0.927). And analysis of the PGC data verified the correlation of depression with the increased risk of SUI (P=0.043). CONCLUSION: Depression is associated with an increased risk of SUI, while SUI does not increase the risk of depression.
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Depressão , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Análise da Randomização Mendeliana , Incontinência Urinária por Estresse , Humanos , Depressão/genética , Incontinência Urinária por Estresse/genética , Fatores de Risco , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , FemininoRESUMO
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of plasma cfDNA methylation patterns in reflecting tumour methylation changes, focusing on three candidate sites, cg02469161, cg11528914, and cg20131654. These sites were selected for verification, with a particular emphasis on their association with breast cancer. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of 850k whole-methylation sequencing data to identify potential markers for breast cancer detection. Subsequently, we investigated the methylation status of the genes Ran-binding protein 3 (RANBP3), Lymphocyte cytoplasmic protein 2 (LCP2), and GRB2 related adaptor protein 2 (GRAP2), situated at the specified sites, using cancer and canceradjacent tissues from 17 breast cancer patients. We also examined the methylation patterns in different molecular subtypes and pathological grades of breast cancer. Additionally, we compared the methylation levels of these genes in plasma cfDNA to their performance in tissues. Results: Our analysis revealed that RANBP3, LCP2, and GRAP2 genes exhibited significant methylation differences between cancer and cancer-adjacent tissues. In breast cancer, these genes displayed diagnostic efficiencies of 91.0%, 90.6%, and 92.2%, respectively. Notably, RANBP3 showed a tendency towards lower methylation in HR+ breast cancer, and LCP2 methylation was correlated with tumour malignancy. Importantly, the methylation levels of these three genes in plasma cfDNA closely mirrored their tissue counterparts, with diagnostic efficiencies of 83.3%, 83.9%, and 77.6% for RANBP3, LCP2, and GRAP2, respectively. Conclusions: Our findings propose that the genes RANBP3, LCP2, and GRAP2, located at the identified methylation sites, hold significant potential as molecular markers in blood for the supplementary diagnosis of breast cancer. This study lays the groundwork for a more in-depth investigation into the changes in gene methylation patterns in circulating free DNA (cfDNA) for the early detection not only of breast cancer but also for various other types of cancer.
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common type of chronic liver disease. Semaglutide is a glucose-lowering drug administered for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is clinically effective in the treatment of NAFLD. X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) is related to the pathogenesis of both NAFLD and T2DM. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate whether the underlying mechanism of semaglutide treatment for NAFLD is via downregulation of the inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endonuclease-1α (IRE1α)-XBP1-CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) signaling pathway in macrophages. METHODS: In the present study, NAFLD cell modeling was induced by oleic acid (0.4 mM) and palmitic acid (0.2 mM). Hepatocytes (AML12) and macrophages (RAW264.7) were co-cultured in 6-well Transwell plates. Semaglutide (60 or 140 nM) was administrated for 24 h, while pioglitazone (2 µM) and toyocamycin (200 nM) were used as a positive control drug and a XBP1 inhibitor, respectively. Autophagy and apoptosis of AML12 cells were detected by transmission electron microscopy and western blotting (WB). Hepatocyte steatosis was evaluated using total intracellular triglyceride determination, analysis of the relative expression of proteins and genes associated with lipid metabolism and hepatocyte Oil red O staining. Detection of inflammation factors was conducted by ELISA and WB. To explore the underlying mechanism of NAFLD treatment with semaglutide, the relative expression of related proteins and genes were tested. RESULTS: Our study demonstrated that semaglutide treatment improved autophagy and inhibited apoptosis of hepatocytes, while notably ameliorating steatosis of hepatocytes. In addition, inflammation was attenuated in the NAFLD cell co-culture model after semaglutide administration. Semaglutide also significantly reduced the protein and gene expression levels of the IRE1α-XBP1-C/EBPα signaling pathway in macrophages. CONCLUSION: Semaglutide partially ameliorated NAFLD by down-regulating the IRE1α-XBP1-C/EBPα signaling pathway in macrophages. These findings may provide a potential theoretical basis for semaglutide therapy for NAFLD.
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BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus is an endocrine and metabolic disorder that appears for the first time during pregnancy and causes varying degrees of short- and/or long-term effects on the mother and child. The etiology of the disease is currently unknown and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation proteomics approach, the present study attempted to identify potential proteins in placental tissues that may be involved in the pathogenesis of GDM and adverse foetal pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: Pregnant women with GDM hospitalised were selected as the experimental group, and pregnant women with normal glucose metabolism as the control group. The iTRAQ protein quantification technology was used to screen the differentially expressed proteins between the GDM group and the normal control group, and the differentially expressed proteins were analysed by GO, KEGG, PPI, etc., and the key proteins were subsequently verified by western blot. RESULTS: Based on the proteomics of iTRAQ, we experimented with three different samples of placental tissues from GDM and normal pregnant women, and the total number of identified proteins were 5906, 5959, and 6017, respectively, which were similar in the three different samples, indicating that the results were reliable. Through the Wayne diagram, we found that the total number of proteins coexisting in the three groups was 4475, and 91 differential proteins that could meet the quantification criteria were strictly screened, of which 32 proteins were up-regulated and 59 proteins were down-regulated. By GO enrichment analysis, these differential proteins are widely distributed in extracellular membrane-bounded organelle, mainly in extracellular exosome, followed by intracellular vesicle, extracellular organelle. It not only undertakes protein binding, protein complex binding, macromolecular complex binding, but also involves molecular biological functions such as neutrophil degranulation, multicellular organismal process, developmental process, cellular component organization, secretion, regulated exocytosis. Through the analysis of the KEGG signaling pathway, it is found that these differential proteins are mainly involved in HIF-1 signaling pathway, Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, Central carbon metabolism in cancer, AMPK signaling pathway, Proteoglycans in cancer, Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, Thyroid cancer, Alcoholism, Glucagon signaling pathway. DISCUSSION: This preliminary study helps us to understand the changes in the placental proteome of GDM patients, and provides new insights into the pathophysiology of GDM.
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Background: The benefits of home enteral nutrition (HEN) are increasingly recognized, with more scholars focusing on this field. This study aimed to comprehensively identify collaborative networks, analyze, and track research trends, focus on current hotspots, and accurately predict the forefront and focus of home enteral nutrition. Methods: A computer search of the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) was conducted for studies related to home enteral nutrition published from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2023, and select them in compliance with the PRISMA guidelines. The CiteSpace software was used for bibliometric visualization and comparative analysis of countries, institutions, journals, references, and keywords. Results: A total of 1,113 documents were included, showing a steady annual increase in publication volume. The United States and the Mayo Clinic were the top publishing country and institution, with 302 and 41 papers, respectively. "CLIN NUTR" had the highest number of publications, totaling 221, while "ESPEN guideline on home enteral nutrition" was the most cited reference, with 43 citations. The most prolific author was Manpreet S with 29 papers. Conclusion: The management of HEN is a current research hotspot. The safety of HEN and how to improve patient compliance are critical areas for researchers to consider. Future research could focus on these aspects. The blurring of boundaries between hospital and home care and how to utilize telemedicine technologies to serve more patients deserve in-depth exploration. Researchers worldwide should combine their unique characteristics and advantages to strengthen international cooperation.
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Using lignin as a raw material to prepare fluorescent nanomaterials represents a significant pathway toward the high-value utilization of waste biomass. In this study, Ni-doped lignin carbon dots (Ni-LCDs) were rapidly synthesized with a yield of 63.22 % and a quantum yield of 8.25 % using a green and simple hydrothermal method. Exploiting the inner filter effect (IFE), Cr(VI) effectively quenched the fluorescence of the Ni-LCDs, while the potent reducing agent ascorbic acid (AA) restored the quenched fluorescence, thus establishing a highly sensitive fluorescence switch sensor platform for the sequential detection of Cr(VI) and AA. Importantly, the integration of a smartphone facilitated the portability of Cr(VI) and AA detection, enabling on-site, in-situ, and real-time monitoring. Ultimately, the developed fluorescence and smartphone-assisted sensing platform was successfully applied to detect Cr(VI) in actual water samples and AA in various fruits. This study not only presents an efficient method for the conversion and utilization of waste lignin but also broadens the application scope of the CDs in the field of smart sensors.
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Ácido Ascórbico , Carbono , Cromo , Lignina , Níquel , Pontos Quânticos , Smartphone , Cromo/análise , Cromo/química , Níquel/química , Ácido Ascórbico/análise , Ácido Ascórbico/química , Lignina/química , Carbono/química , Pontos Quânticos/química , Espectrometria de Fluorescência/métodos , FluorescênciaRESUMO
AIMS: The extent of perihematomal edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) significantly impacts patient prognosis, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) exacerbates perihematomal edema. However, the role of peripheral IL-10 in mitigating BBB disruption through pathways that link peripheral and central nervous system signals remains poorly understood. METHODS: Recombinant IL-10 was administered to ICH model mice via caudal vein injection, an IL-10-inhibiting adeno-associated virus and an IL-10 receptor knockout plasmid were delivered intraventricularly, and neurobehavioral deficits, perihematomal edema, BBB disruption, and the expression of JAK1 and STAT3 were evaluated. RESULTS: Our study demonstrated that the peripheral cytokine IL-10 mitigated BBB breakdown, perihematomal edema, and neurobehavioral deficits after ICH and that IL-10 deficiency reversed these effects, likely through the IL-10R/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral IL-10 has the potential to reduce BBB damage and perihematomal edema following ICH and improve patient prognosis.
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Edema Encefálico , Hemorragia Cerebral , Interleucina-10 , Janus Quinase 1 , Receptores de Interleucina-10 , Fator de Transcrição STAT3 , Transdução de Sinais , Animais , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo , Hemorragia Cerebral/complicações , Hemorragia Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Hemorragia Cerebral/metabolismo , Edema Encefálico/etiologia , Edema Encefálico/tratamento farmacológico , Janus Quinase 1/metabolismo , Janus Quinase 1/antagonistas & inibidores , Interleucina-10/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Barreira Hematoencefálica/efeitos dos fármacos , Barreira Hematoencefálica/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of nanopore sequencing for the early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) using cerebrospinal fluid and compared it with acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear, mycobacterial growth indicator tube culture and Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)/rifampicin (RIF). DESIGN: Single-centre retrospective study. SETTING: The Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Zhejiang Chinese and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: We enrolled 64 adult patients with presumptive TBM admitted to our hospital from August 2021 to August 2023. METHODS: We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of AFB smear, culture, Xpert MTB/RIF and nanopore sequencing to evaluate their diagnostic efficacy compared with a composite reference standard for TBM. RESULTS: Among these 64 patients, all tested negative for TBM by AFB smear. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 11.11%, 100%, 100% and 32.2% for culture, 13.33%, 100%, 100% and 2.76% for Xpert MTB/RIF, and 77.78%, 100%, 100% and 65.52% for nanopore sequencing, respectively. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic accuracy of the nanopore sequencing test was significantly higher than that of conventional testing methods used to detect TBM.
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Sequenciamento por Nanoporos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Tuberculose Meníngea , Humanos , Tuberculose Meníngea/diagnóstico , Tuberculose Meníngea/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Tuberculose Meníngea/microbiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , China , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sequenciamento por Nanoporos/métodos , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolamento & purificação , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/microbiologiaRESUMO
Bronchoscopic-assisted discrimination of lung tumors presents challenges, especially in cases with contraindications or inaccessible lesions. Through meta-analysis and validation using the HumanMethylation450 database, this study identified methylation markers for molecular discrimination in lung tumors and designed a sequencing panel. DNA samples from 118 bronchial washing fluid (BWF) specimens underwent enrichment via multiplex PCR before targeted methylation sequencing. The Recursive Feature Elimination Cross-Validation and deep neural network algorithm established the CanDo classification model, which incorporated 11 methylation features (including 8 specific to the TBR1 gene), demonstrating a sensitivity of 98.6% and specificity of 97.8%. In contrast, bronchoscopic rapid on-site evaluation (bronchoscopic-ROSE) had lower sensitivity (87.7%) and specificity (80%). Further validation in 33 individuals confirmed CanDo's discriminatory potential, particularly in challenging cases for bronchoscopic-ROSE due to pathological complexity. CanDo serves as a valuable complement to bronchoscopy for the discriminatory diagnosis and stratified management of lung tumors utilizing BWF specimens.
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OBJECTIVES: In this retrospective observational multicenter study, we aimed to assess efficacy and mortality between ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI) or polymyxin B (PMB)-based regimens for the treatment of Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infections, as well as identify potential risk factors. METHODS: A total of 276 CRKP-infected patients were enrolled in our study. Binary logistic and Cox regression analysis with a propensity score-matched (PSM) model were performed to identify risk factors for efficacy and mortality. RESULTS: The patient cohort was divided into PMB-based regimen group (n = 98, 35.5%) and CAZ/AVI-based regimen group (n = 178, 64.5%). Compared to the PMB group, the CAZ/AVI group exhibited significantly higher rates of clinical efficacy (71.3% vs. 56.1%; p = 0.011), microbiological clearance (74.7% vs. 41.4%; p < 0.001), and a lower incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) (13.5% vs. 33.7%; p < 0.001). Binary logistic regression revealed that the treatment duration independently influenced both clinical efficacy and microbiological clearance. Vasoactive drugs, sepsis/septic shock, APACHE II score, and treatment duration were identified as risk factors associated with 30-day all-cause mortality. The CAZ/AVI-based regimen was an independent factor for good clinical efficacy, microbiological clearance, and lower AKI incidence. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with CRKP infection, the CAZ/AVI-based regimen was superior to the PMB-based regimen.
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The linkage between biocides and antibiotic resistance has been widely suggested in laboratories and various environments. However, the action mechanism of biocides on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) spread is still unclear. Thus, 6 quaternary ammonium biocides (QACs) with different bonded substituents or alkyl chain lengths were selected to assess their effects on the conjugation transfer of ARGs in this study. Two conjugation models with the same donor (E. coli DH5α (RP4)) into two receptors, E. coli MG1655 and pathogenic S. sonnei SE6-1, were constructed. All QACs were found to significantly promote intra- and inter-genus conjugative transfer of ARGs, and the frequency was highly impacted by their structure and receptors. At the same environmental exposure level (4 × 10-1 mg/L), didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC (C10)) promoted the most frequency of conjugative transfer, while benzathine chloride (BEC) promoted the least. With the same donor, the enhanced frequency of QACs of intra-transfer is higher than inter-transfer. Then, the acquisition mechanisms of two receptors were further determined using biochemical combined with transcriptome analysis. For the recipient E. coli, the promotion of the intragenus conjugative transfer may be associated with increased cell membrane permeability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and proton motive force (PMF)-induced enhancement of flagellar motility. Whereas, the increase of cell membrane permeability and decreased flagellar motility due to PMF disruption but encouraged biofilm formation, maybe the main reasons for promoting intergenus conjugative transfer in the recipient S. sonnei. As one pathogenic bacterium, S. sonnei was first found to acquire ARGs by biocide exposure.
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Conjugação Genética , Desinfetantes , Escherichia coli , Compostos de Amônio Quaternário , Desinfetantes/farmacologia , Compostos de Amônio Quaternário/farmacologia , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/genética , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos/genética , Transferência Genética HorizontalRESUMO
The energy oriented mine ecological restoration mode of photovoltaic+ecological restoration provides a breakthrough for alleviating the dilemma of photovoltaic land development and solving the urgent need for restoration of abandoned mining land. Taking a mining area in central Liaoning Province as an example, we established three photovoltaic+mining ecological restoration modes, including forest-photovoltaic complementary, agriculture-photovoltaic, and grass photovoltaic complementation. Combined with the life cycle assessment method, we calculated and assessed the potential of photovoltaic+mining ecological restoration in carbon reduction and sink enhancement. The average annual carbon reduction and sink increase was 514.93 t CO2·hm-2 under the photovoltaic+mining ecological restoration mode, while the average annual carbon reduction per megawatt photovoltaic power station was 1242.94 t CO2. The adoption of photovoltaic+ecological restoration mode in this mining area could make carbon reduction and sink enhancement 6.30-7.79 Mt CO2 during 25 years. The carbon reduction and sink increment mainly stemmed from the photovoltaic clean power generation induced carbon reduction, accounting for 96.4%-99.4%, while the contribution of ecosystem carbon sink increment was small, accounting for only 0.6%-3.7% of the total. Among different photovoltaic+ecological restoration modes, the carbon reduction and sink increment was the largest in forest-photovoltaic complementary (7.11 Mt CO2), followed by agriculture-photovoltaic (7.04 Mt CO2), and the least in grass photovoltaic complementation (6.98 Mt CO2). Constructing the development mode of "photovoltaic+mining ecological restoration" could effectively leverage the dual benefits of reducing emissions from photovoltaic power generation and increase sinks from mining ecological restoration, which would be helpful for achieving the goal of carbon neutrality in China.
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Sequestro de Carbono , Ecossistema , Mineração , China , Recuperação e Remediação Ambiental/métodos , Modelos Teóricos , Carbono/química , Carbono/análise , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais/métodos , Dióxido de Carbono/análise , Energia SolarRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Vitiligo remains a challenging condition to treat. Fire needle therapy, a traditional Chinese medicine technique, has potential as an alternative therapeutic strategy. However, rigorous evidence on its efficacy is lacking. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fire needle therapy, alone and combined with topical tacrolimus ointment, for non-segmental stable vitiligo. METHODS: In this 6-month randomized self-controlled trial, 35 vitiligo patients were enrolled, providing three similar lesions each. Lesions were randomly allocated to receive fire needle monotherapy, 0.1% tacrolimus ointment monotherapy, or combined fire needle and tacrolimus ointment therapy. The main outcome was change in vitiligo surface area. RESULTS: In total, 29 patients completed the 6-month follow-up. The combination therapy group showed significantly greater reductions in vitiligo surface area compared to monotherapy groups starting at months 4 and 5. By the end of the study, combination therapy resulted in remarkably higher repigmentation responses, with 89.7% of lesions showing at least mild (≥25%) repigmentation and 51.7% showing good (≥50%) repigmentation. This significantly exceeded the outcomes with topical tacrolimus ointment alone, which only achieved 6.9% mild response and 6.9% good response. Fire needle monotherapy also demonstrated steady repigmentation over time, with 69% of lesions attaining a mild response by month 6. Importantly, no major adverse events occurred. CONCLUSION: This study provides promising preliminary evidence supporting the use of fire needle therapy, alone or in combination with topical tacrolimus ointment, for inducing repigmentation in non-segmental stable vitiligo. As a non-pharmacological approach, fire needle therapy warrants further study as an alternative vitiligo treatment.
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Hemostasis is the first step of emergency medical treatment. It is particularly important to develop rapid-acting and efficacious hemostatic materials. Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), sodium alginate (SA) and Resina Draconis (RD) were composited uniformly by polyelectrolyte blending. Their composite sponges (CMCS/SA/RD) were prepared by freeze-induced phase separation. CMCS/SA/RD sponges were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and their blood absorption and hemolysis ratio were analyzed. The hemostatic effect of the composite sponges was evaluated by coagulation in vitro and in vivo. The composite sponges had a porous network structure. The water absorption ratio was >8000 %, and hemolysis ratio was <5 %. CMCS/SA/RD-II and CMCS/SA/RD-III composite sponges shortened the coagulation time in vitro by 11.33 s and 9.66 s, the hepatic hemostasis time by 13.8 % and 23.3 %, and the hemostasis time after mouse-tail amputation by 28.9 % and 23.9 %, respectively. A preliminary study on its coagulation mechanism showed that CMCS/SA/RD had significant effects on erythrocyte adsorption, platelet adhesion, and shortening of the activated partial thromboplastin time.
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Alginatos , Coagulação Sanguínea , Quitosana , Hemostasia , Hemostáticos , Quitosana/química , Quitosana/análogos & derivados , Alginatos/química , Animais , Hemostasia/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Hemostáticos/química , Hemostáticos/farmacologia , Coagulação Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Hemólise/efeitos dos fármacos , Adesividade Plaquetária/efeitos dos fármacos , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de FourierRESUMO
Studies have shown that a lot of traditional Chinese medicines could improve the immunity of the body. Dangdi oral liquid (DDO) was mainly composed of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (Danggui), Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. (Dihuang), Achyranthes bidentata Bl. (Niuxi), Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (Gancao). In this study, the rapid ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) method was used to identify the potentially effective compounds of DDO. Then the immune activity of DDO was measured by lymphocyte proliferation, macrophage phagocytic function, NK cell activity, delayed type hypersensitivity reaction, hemolytic plaque number, sIgA content and immune organ index. The results showed that a total of 51 compounds were identified. In addition, DDO could significantly promote the lymphocyte proliferation, improve macrophage phagocytic ability, NK cell activity, hemolytic plaque number, sIgA content and immune organ index compared with control group, and the medium dose possessed the best efficacy (Pï¼0.05). These results indicated that DDO could enhance the immunity of mice.
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BACKGROUND: The therapeutic potential of exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs-Exo) for delivering specific circular RNAs (circRNAs) in treating premature ovarian failure (POF) is not well understood. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of HUMSCs-Exo in delivering hsa_circ_0002021 for POF treatment, focusing on its effects on granulosa cell (GC) senescence and ovarian function. METHODS: Bioinformatic analysis was conducted on circRNA profiles using the GSE97193 dataset from GEO, targeting granulosa cells from varied age groups. To simulate granulosa cell senescence, KGN cells were treated with cyclophosphamide (CTX). HUMSCs were transfected with pcDNA 3.1 vectors to overexpress hsa_circ_0002021, and the HUMSCs-Exo secreted were isolated. These exosomes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Western blotting to confirm exosomal markers CD9 and CD63. Co-culture of these exosomes with CTX-treated KGN cells was performed to assess ß-galactosidase activity, oxidative stress markers, ROS levels, and apoptosis via flow cytometry. Interaction between hsa_circ_0002021, microRNA-125a-5p (miR-125a-5p), and cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) was investigated using dual-luciferase assays and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). A POF mouse model was induced with CTX, treated with HUMSCs-Exo, and analyzed histologically and via immunofluorescence staining. Gene expression was quantified using RT-qPCR and Western blot. RESULTS: hsa_circ_0002021 was under expressed in both in vivo and in vitro POF models and was effectively delivered by HUMSCs-Exo to KGN cells, showing a capability to reduce GC senescence. Overexpression of hsa_circ_0002021 in HUMSCs-Exo significantly enhanced these anti-senescence effects. This circRNA acts as a competitive adsorbent of miR-125a-5p, regulating CDK6 expression, which is crucial in modulating cell cycle and apoptosis. Enhanced expression of hsa_circ_0002021 in HUMSCs-Exo ameliorated GC senescence in vitro and improved ovarian function in POF models by modulating oxidative stress and cellular senescence markers. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that hsa_circ_0002021, when delivered through HUMSCs-Exo, can significantly mitigate GC senescence and restore ovarian function in POF models. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of POF and highlight the therapeutic potential of circRNA-enriched exosomes in treating ovarian aging and dysfunction.
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Exossomos , Células da Granulosa , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Insuficiência Ovariana Primária , RNA Circular , Cordão Umbilical , Insuficiência Ovariana Primária/terapia , Insuficiência Ovariana Primária/metabolismo , Insuficiência Ovariana Primária/genética , Feminino , Exossomos/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/metabolismo , Humanos , Células da Granulosa/metabolismo , RNA Circular/genética , RNA Circular/metabolismo , Animais , Cordão Umbilical/citologia , Cordão Umbilical/metabolismo , Camundongos , Senescência Celular , Apoptose , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismoRESUMO
Perovskite/organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) integrated solar cells have tremendous development potential to exceed the Shockley-Queisser limit efficiency of single-junction photovoltaics, due to the merits of spectra response extension. However, the presence of energy level barriers and severe non-radiative recombination at the interface between perovskite and BHJ greatly hindered the transport and collection of charge carriers, usually leading to large Voc and photocurrent loss, as well as the stability degradation of integrated devices. Therefore, investigating the interface properties of perovskite/BHJ is crucial for understanding the charge transport process and enhancing device performance. In this study, we effectively regulated the interface properties and charge transport in perovskite/BHJ integrated devices using a thermal annealing process. Using Kelvin probe microscopy, photoluminescence, and transient absorption spectroscopy, we revealed that moderate annealing treatment would contribute to forming close interface contact and provide more channels or pathways for charge transfer, which is advantageous for the interface charge collection and device performance. In addition, the lone pair electrons of acyl, thiophene and pyrrole function groups in polymer PDPP3T and PCBM can act as the Lewis base and provide electrons to the under-coordinated lead atoms or clusters in the perovskite, effectively passivating traps on the surface and grain boundaries of the perovskite through Lewis acid-base coordination. Finally, we improved the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the device to 21.57% with enhanced stability using an optimized thermal annealing process. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the integrated perovskite/BHJ interface properties, which could be extended to other optoelectronic devices based on a similar integrated structure.
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This work demonstrates a high-performance photodetector with a 4-cycle Ge0.86Si0.14/Ge multi-quantum well (MQW) structure grown by reduced pressure chemical vapor deposition techniques on a Ge-buffered Si (100) substrate. At -1â V bias, the dark current density of the fabricated PIN mesa devices is as low as 3â mA/cm2, and the optical responsivities are 0.51 and 0.17â A/W at 1310 and 1550â nm, respectively, corresponding to the cutoff wavelength of 1620â nm. At the same time, the device has good high-power performance and continuous repeatable light response. On the other hand, the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of the device is as high as -5.18%/K, surpassing all commercial thermal detectors. These results indicate that the CMOS-compatible and low-cost Ge0.86Si0.14/Ge multilayer structure is promising for short-wave infrared and uncooled infrared imaging.
RESUMO
The aim of this study was to determine the role of lncRNA PART1 and downstream FUT6 in tumorigenesis and progression of head and neck cancer (HNC). Bioinformatics analysis and qRT-PCR revealed that lncRNA PART1 was expressed at low levels in HNC patients. The proliferation, apoptosis, migration and flow cytometry results showed that low expression of lncRNA PART1 inhibited apoptosis and promoted HNC cell migration and proliferation. In addition, animal experiments have also shown that low expression of lncRNA PART1 can promote tumor growth. LncRNA PART1 overexpression promoted apoptosis and inhibited HNC cell migration and proliferation. Through bioinformatics analysis, FUT6 was found to be expressed at low levels in HNC and to be correlated with patient survival. Immunohistochemical and qRT-PCR results revealed that FUT6 was underexpressed in tumour tissues and HNC cells. Cell and animal experiments showed that overexpression of FUT6 could inhibit tumour proliferation and migration. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that lncRNA PART1 was positively correlated with FUT6. By qRT-PCR and western blot, we observed that after knockdown of lncRNA PART1, both the mRNA and protein expression levels of FUT6 were reduced. The above results indicated that lncRNA PART1 and FUT6 play an important role in HNC, and that lncRNA PART1 affected the development of tumor by downstream FUT6.