Activation of the sigma-1 receptor ameliorates neuronal ferroptosis via IRE1α after spinal cord injury.

Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a debilitating disease associated with a significant economic burden owing to its high level of disability; however, current treatment options have only limited efficacy. Past research has shown that iron-dependent programmed cell death, also known as ferroptosis, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of SCI. The sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) is widely distributed in the central nervous system, and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of several neurological and psychiatric disorders. Several in vivo and ex vivo studies have shown that Sig-1R activation exerts unique neuroprotective effects. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To date, no study has yet demonstrated the association between Sig-1R activation and ferroptosis in patients with SCI. However, the present study found that Sig-1R activation effectively promoted the recovery of motor function in mice after spinal cord injury, attenuated neuronal apoptosis, reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and iron accumulation, and inhibited ferroptosis in spinal cord tissues following SCI in mice. Ferroptosis and IRE1α were significantly upregulated after spinal cord injury, while sigma-1 receptor agonists were able to facilitate this result through the elimination of inositol-requiring enzyme-1 alpha (IRE1α)-mediated neuronal ferroptosis. Therefore, sigma-1 receptor activation could attenuate ferroptosis after SCI by reducing IRE1α and improving functional recovery after SCI, potentially representing a new therapeutic strategy for treating SCI.

Multiband Omnidirectional Invisibility Cloak.

Transformation optics (TO) provides a powerful tool to manipulate electromagnetic waves, enabling the design of invisibility cloaks, which can render objects invisible. Despite many years of research, however, invisibility cloaks experimentally realized thus far can only operate at a single frequency. The narrow bandwidth significantly restricts the practical applications of invisibility cloaks and other TO devices. Here, a general design strategy is proposed to realize a multiband anisotropic metamaterial characterized by two principal permittivity components, i.e., one infinite and the other spatially gradient. Through a proper transformation and combination of such metamaterials, an omnidirectional invisibility cloak is experimentally implemented, which is impedance-matched to free space at multiple frequencies. Both far-field numerical simulations and near-field experimental mappings confirm that this cloak can successfully suppress scattering from multiple large-scale objects simultaneously at 5 and 10 GHz. The design strategy and corresponding practical realization bring multiband transformation optical devices one step closer to reality.

Synthesis of Monofluorinated 7-Hydroxycoumarin-3-Carboxamides as Cell-Permeable Fluorescent Molecular Probes.

To facilitate studies of engagement of protein targets by small molecules in living cells, we synthesized fluorinated derivatives of the fluorophore 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (7OHCCA). Compared to the related difluorinated coumarin Pacific Blue (PB), amide derivatives of 6-fluoro-7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (6FC) exhibited substantially brighter fluorescence. When linked to the anticancer drug paclitaxel (Taxol) via gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the acidity of the phenol of these coumarins profoundly affected cellular efflux and binding to microtubules in living cells. In contrast to the known fluorescent taxoid PB-GABA-Taxol, the less acidic 6FC-GABA-Taxol was more cell-permeable due to a lower susceptibility to active efflux. In living cells, this facilitated the imaging of microtubules by confocal microscopy and enabled quantification of binding to microtubules by flow cytometry without added efflux inhibitors. The photophysical, chemical, and biological properties of 6FC derivatives make these compounds particularly attractive for the construction of fluorescent molecular probes suitable for quantitative analysis of intracellular small molecule-protein interactions.

Advances in All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Batteries for Commercialization.

Solid-state batteries are commonly acknowledged as the forthcoming evolution in energy storage technologies. Recent development progress for these rechargeable batteries has notably accelerated their trajectory toward achieving commercial feasibility. In particular, all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) that rely on lithium-sulfur reversible redox processes exhibit immense potential as an energy storage system, surpassing conventional lithium-ion batteries. This can be attributed predominantly to their exceptional energy density, extended operational lifespan, and heightened safety attributes. Despite these advantages, the adoption of ASSLSBs in the commercial sector has been sluggish. To expedite research and development in this particular area, this article provides a thorough review of the current state of ASSLSBs. We delve into an in-depth analysis of the rationale behind transitioning to ASSLSBs, explore the fundamental scientific principles involved, and provide a comprehensive evaluation of the main challenges faced by ASSLSBs. We suggest that future research in this field should prioritize plummeting the presence of inactive substances, adopting electrodes with optimum performance, minimizing interfacial resistance, and designing a scalable fabrication approach to facilitate the commercialization of ASSLSBs.

Development and validation of a novel nomogram model for predicting delayed graft function in deceased donor kidney transplantation based on pre-transplant biopsies.

BACKGROUND: Delayed graft function (DGF) is an important complication after kidney transplantation surgery. The present study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for preoperative prediction of DGF on the basis of clinical and histological risk factors. METHODS: The prediction model was constructed in a development cohort comprising 492 kidney transplant recipients from May 2018 to December 2019. Data regarding donor and recipient characteristics, pre-transplantation biopsy results, and machine perfusion parameters were collected, and univariate analysis was performed. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model was used for variable selection. The prediction model was developed by multivariate logistic regression analysis and presented as a nomogram. An external validation cohort comprising 105 transplantation cases from January 2020 to April 2020 was included in the analysis. RESULTS: 266 donors were included in the development cohort, 458 kidneys (93.1%) were preserved by hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP), 96 (19.51%) of 492 recipients developed DGF. Twenty-eight variables measured before transplantation surgery were included in the LASSO regression model. The nomogram consisted of 12 variables from donor characteristics, pre-transplantation biopsy results and machine perfusion parameters. Internal and external validation showed good discrimination and calibration of the nomogram, with Area Under Curve (AUC) 0.83 (95%CI, 0.78-0.88) and 0.87 (95%CI, 0.80-0.94). Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the nomogram was clinically useful. CONCLUSION: A DGF predicting nomogram was developed that incorporated donor characteristics, pre-transplantation biopsy results, and machine perfusion parameters. This nomogram can be conveniently used for preoperative individualized prediction of DGF in kidney transplant recipients.

Exploring tumor heterogeneity in colorectal liver metastases by imaging: Unsupervised machine learning of preoperative CT radiomics features for prognostic stratification.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate tumor heterogeneity of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) and stratify the patients into different risk groups of prognoses following liver resection by applying an unsupervised radiomics machine-learning approach to preoperative CT images. METHODS: This retrospective study retrieved clinical information and CT images of 197 patients with CRLM from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) database. Radiomics features were extracted from a segmented liver lesion identified at the portal venous phase. Those features which showed high stability, non-redundancy, and indicative information were selected. An unsupervised consensus clustering analysis on these features was adopted to identify subgroups of CRLM patients. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and liver-specific DFS were compared between the identified subgroups. Cox regression analysis was applied to evaluate prognostic risk factors. RESULTS: A total of 851 radiomics features were extracted, and 56 robust features were finally selected for unsupervised clustering analysis which identified two distinct subgroups (96 and 101 patients respectively). There were significant differences in the OS, DFS, and liver-specific DFS between the subgroups (all log-rank p < 0.05). The subgroup with worse outcome using the proposed radiomics model was consistently associated with shorter OS, DFS, and liver-specific DFS, with hazard ratios of 1.78 (95 %CI: 1.12-2.83), 1.72 (95 %CI: 1.16-2.54), and 1.59 (95 %CI: 1.10-2.31), respectively. The general performance of this radiomics model outperformed the traditional Clinical Risk Score and Tumor Burden Score in the prognosis prediction after surgery for CRLM. CONCLUSION: Radiomics features derived from preoperative CT images can reveal the heterogeneity of CRLM and stratify the patients with CRLM into subgroups with significantly different clinical outcomes.

Spinal Lymphatic Dysfunction Aggravates the Recovery Process After Spinal Cord Injury.

We aimed to evaluate the role of the spinal lymphatic system in spinal cord injury and whether it has an impact on recovery after spinal cord injury. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the changes in the number of microvesicles after spinal cord injury. Evans blue extravasation was used to evaluate the function of the lymphatic system. Evans blue extravasation and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the permeability of blood spinal cord barrier. The spinal cord edema was evaluated by dry and wet weight.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to evaluate apoptosis after spinal cord injury. Nuclear factor-kappa B pathway was detected by Western blot. Behavioral tests were used to evaluate limb function. Microvesicles released after spinal cord injury can enter the thoracic duct and then enter the blood through the lymph around the spine. After ligation of the thoracic duct, it can aggravate the neuropathological manifestations and limb function after spinal cord injury. The potential mechanism may involve nuclear factor-kappa B pathway.

Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Maternal Genetic History of East Asian Dogs.

Recent studies have suggested that dogs were domesticated during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in Siberia, which contrasts with previous proposed domestication centers (e.g. Europe, the Middle East, and East Asia). Ancient DNA provides a powerful resource for the study of mammalian evolution and has been widely used to understand the genetic history of domestic animals. To understand the maternal genetic history of East Asian dogs, we have made a complete mitogenome dataset of 120 East Asian canids from 38 archaeological sites, including 102 newly sequenced from 12.9 to 1 ka BP (1,000 years before present). The majority (112/119, 94.12%) belonged to haplogroup A, and half of these (55/112, 49.11%) belonged to sub-haplogroup A1b. Most existing mitochondrial haplogroups were present in ancient East Asian dogs. However, mitochondrial lineages in ancient northern dogs (northeastern Eurasia and northern East Asia) were deeper and older than those in southern East Asian dogs. Results suggests that East Asian dogs originated from northeastern Eurasian populations after the LGM, dispersing in two possible directions after domestication. Western Eurasian (Europe and the Middle East) dog maternal ancestries genetically influenced East Asian dogs from approximately 4 ka BP, dramatically increasing after 3 ka BP, and afterwards largely replaced most primary maternal lineages in northern East Asia. Additionally, at least three major mitogenome sub-haplogroups of haplogroup A (A1a, A1b, and A3) reveal at least two major dispersal waves onto the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in ancient times, indicating eastern (A1b and A3) and western (A1a) Eurasian origins.

TRIM29 facilitates gemcitabine resistance via MEK/ERK pathway and is modulated by circRPS29/miR-770-5p axis in PDAC.

AIMS: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal disease. Chemotherapy based on gemcitabine (GEM) remains the first-line drug for patients with advanced PDAC. However, GEM resistance impairs its therapeutic effectiveness. Therefore, identifying effective therapeutic targets are urgently needed to overcome GEM resistance. METHODS: The clinical significance of Tripartite Motif Containing 29 (TRIM29) was identified by exploring GEO datasets and TCGA database and its potential biological functions were predicted by GSEA analysis. The regulatory axis was established by bioinformatics analysis and validated by mechanical experiments. Then, in vitro and in vivo assays were performed to validate the roles of TRIM29 in PDAC GEM resistance. RESULTS: High TRIM29 expression was associated with poor prognosis of PDAC and functional experiments demonstrated that TRIM29 promoted GEM resistance in PDAC GEM-resistant (GR) cells. Furthermore, we revealed that circRPS29 promoted TRIM29 expression via competitive interaction with miR-770-5p and then activated MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Additionally, both in vitro and in vivo functional experiments demonstrated that circRPS29/miR-770-5p/TRIM29 axis promoted PDAC GEM resistance via activating MEK/ERK signaling pathway. CONCLUSION: Our results identify the significance of the signaling axis, circRPS29/miR-770-5p/TRIM29-MEK/ERK, in PDAC GEM resistance, which will provide novel therapeutic targets for PDAC treatment.

Histopathological analysis of the wall enhancement of the spinal dural arteriovenous fistulae's draining veins.

OBJECTIVE: The mechanism behind SDAVF is still unclear. We discovered that the vessel wall of the SDAVF-DV occasionally showed enhancement in MRI, and this study assessed the relationship between the enhancement of the draining vein's wall and its histology. METHODS: For histopathologic analysis, 16 draining vein samples from 16 patients with SDAVF were included, 3 normal arteries and 3 normal veins were chosen as comparison. We assessed the imaging and microscopic characteristics of the draining veins in SDAVF patients. The former included the presence of significant enhancement of the wall of the draining vein in MRI, and the latter included the adherence, aggregation, infiltration of pro-inflammatory factors and inflammatory cells. Immuno-histochemical staining was performed using IL-1ß, IL-8, TGF-ß as well as MPO and MMP-9, and positive results were counted. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether the infiltration of inflammatory cells was connected to vessel wall enhancement in the SDAVF-DV. RESULTS: Infiltration of inflammatory cells was significantly higher in SDAVF-DV compared to normal vessels, 7 out of 16 patients significantly had enhancement of the vessel wall of SDAVF-DV, and logistic regression analysis showed that samples with more infiltration of inflammatory cells were more likely to show enhancement of the SDAVF-DV walls. CONCLUSION: There was considerable inflammatory cells infiltration in SDAVF-DV, and this may explain why their vessel wall had such a significant enhancement in MRI.

Correction: Haegeman et al. Looking beyond Virus Detection in RNA Sequencing Data: Lessons Learned from a Community-Based Effort to Detect Cellular Plant Pathogens and Pests. Plants 2023, 12, 2139.

In the original publication [...].

Prevalence, clinical features and prognosis of familial hypercholesterolemia in Chinese Han patients with acute coronary syndrome after a coronary event: a retrospective observational study.

BACKGROUND: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal semi-dominant disease, characterized by markedly elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) from conception and accelerated atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, often resulting in early death. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of clinically defined FH in Chinese Han patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and compare the long-term prognosis of ACS patients with and without FH receiving lipid-lowering therapy containing statins after a coronary event. METHODS: All ACS patients were screened at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between Jan 2019 and Sep 2020, and 531 participants were enrolled. All were examined for FH under the Dutch Lipid Clinical Network (DLCN) criteria, and those patients were divided into definite/probable FH, possible FH and unlikely FH. The severity of coronary artery disease was evaluated by the Gensini scoring system. Plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c), very low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (VLDL-c), apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), apolipoprotein B (apoB) and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) were determined centrally at baseline and the last follow-up visit in the fasting state. The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c) concentration, the TC/HDL-c and apoB/apoA1 ratios were calculated. After FH patients received lipid-lowering treatment containing statin, the target LDL-c levels recommended by the guidelines (LDL-c < 1.8 mmol/L or < 1.4 mmol/L and a reduction > 50% from baseline) were evaluated, and the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) during the 12-month follow-up was recorded. RESULTS: The prevalence of clinically definite or probable FH was 4.3%, and the prevalence of possible FH was 10.6%. Compared with the unlikely FH patients with ACS, the FH patients had higher levels of TC, LDL-c, apoB, Lp(a), non-HDL-c, TC/HDL-c and apoB/apoA1 ratio, more severe coronary artery diseases and greater prevalence of left main and triple or multiple vessel lesions. After lipid-lowering therapy containing statins, a minority of FH patients reached the target LDL-c levels defined by the guidelines (χ2 = 33.527, P < 0.001). During the 12-month follow-up, a total of 72 patients experienced MACCE. The survival curve in patients in the FH group was significantly lower than that in the unlikely FH group (HR = 1.530, log-rank test: P < 0.05). Furthermore, the survival curve in patients with high LDL-c (≥ 1.8 mmol/L) was significantly lower than that in patients with low LDL-c (< 1.8 mmol/L) at the 12-month follow-up visit (HR = 1.394, log-rank test: P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between patients with LDL-c levels ≥ 1.4 mmol/L and with < 1.4 mmol/L at the 12-month follow-up visit by using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (HR = 1.282, log-rank test: P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: FH was an independent risk factor for MACCE in adult patients after a coronary event during long-term follow-up. However, there was inadequate high-intensity statins prescriptions for high-risk patients in this current study. It is important for FH patients to optimize lipid-lowering treatment strategies to reach the target LDL-c level to improve the long-term prognosis of clinical outcomes.

Eliminating the Scattering of Thin Film Structures.

Rendering invisibility in the wide application scenarios has seen a surge in interest in recent years. Though various approaches have been proposed to realize concealments under different conditions, achieving polarization-independent invisibility for large objects remains a big challenge. Here, we propose to attain invisibility of a large dielectric slab with polarization constraints being totally lifted. This is accomplished by employing an antiscattering coating made of anisotropic metamaterials. We show that by tailoring the electric resonance of a triangular mushroom structure, antiphase electric dipole moment can be induced, resulting in an antipolarization response of the whole metamaterial coatings. By putting the proposed coatings on both sides of a large dielectric slab, a neutralization effect of the total polarization is observed, leading to the peculiar phenomenon of full-polarization invisibility. Our results are validated through full-wave simulations and experimental measurements. Remarkably, the intrinsic null-polarization property of the coating-slab-coating structure guarantees the invisibility feature of a large-scale bulk made by simply stacking the sandwiched composites, which facilitates the application of invisibility in practical scenarios such as the invisibility cloaks and the reflectionless antenna radomes.

Mechanical activation induced treatment for the synergistic recovery of valuable elements from spent NdFeB magnets.

The efficient and sustainable recovery of rare earth resources from spent NdFeB magnets has received considerable and increasing attention. However, the currently prevalent NdFeB magnets recovery techniques focus only on the recovery for rare earth elements (REEs), some of which also recover cobalt (Co) or boron (B). Herein, a simple mechanochemical strategy was proposed to recover REE, Co, and B from spent NdFeB magnets by mixing the NdFeB magnets powder and FeCl3 6H2O through the grinding-roasting-water leaching technological route. The results indicated high leaching efficiencies of 98.94 % for REEs, 99.99 % for Co, and 93.36 % for B from the NdFeB magnets. Additionally, iron remains in the leaching residue as iron oxide (96.73 wt %), achieving the complete separation of REEs, Co, B, and Fe. This mechanochemical based technology offers a green and efficient recovery process, facilitating more effective synergistic recovery of valuable elements from spent NdFeB magnets.

Optimizing soil tetrabromobisphenol A remediation through iron-based activation of persulfate: A comparative analysis of homogeneous and heterogeneous systems.

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) that widely exists in soil and poses a potential threat to ecological environment urgently needs economically efficient remediation techniques. This study utilized both homogeneous Fe2⁺ solution and heterogeneous iron-based nanomaterials (chemically synthesized nano zero-valence iron (nZVI) and green-synthesized iron nanoparticles (G-Fe NPs)) to activate persulfate (PS) and assess their efficacy in degrading TBBPA in soil. The results demonstrate the superior performance of heterogeneous catalytic systems (WG-Fe NPs/PS (82.07%) and WnZVI/PS (78.32%)) over homogeneous catalytic system (WFe2+/PS (71.69%)), In addition, G-Fe NPs and nZVI effectively controlled the slow release of Fe2+. The optimization analysis using response surface methodology (RSM) reveal the remarkable significance of the experimental model based on the box-behnken design. RSM show that G-Fe NPs/PS exhibited optimal process parameters and predicted the maximum soil TBBPA degradation efficiency reaching 98.77%. The results of density functional theory calculations suggest that C-Br are the primary targets for electrophilic substitution reactions. Based on the f0 value and △G, the degradation pathway of TBBPA is inferred to involve a sequential debromination process, followed by the cleavage of intermediate carbon-carbon bonds and subsequent oxidation reactions. Hence, G-Fe NPs/PS not only facilitate waste resource utilization but also hold significant application potential.

Comparison of endovenous microwave ablation versus radiofrequency ablation for lower limb varicose veins.

OBJECTIVE: Endovenous microwave ablation (EMA) is a recently developed thermal ablation technique used in the treatment of lower limb varicose veins. However, its efficacy and safety have been largely understudied. In the present study, we sought to explore the clinical results of EMA and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in treating lower limb varicose veins. METHODS: Patients who underwent EMA (n = 65) or RFA (n = 46) at our institute from September 2018 to September 2020 were included in this retrospective investigation. The clinical results and complications were evaluated at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure. The effects on disease severity and quality of life were evaluated using the venous clinical severity score and chronic venous insufficiency questionnaire (CIVIQ). RESULTS: The technical success rate was 100% for both experimental groups. Although the operative time between the two groups was comparable, the EMA technique was associated with lower direct costs (P < .001), although also with prolonged hospitalization (P < .001). We found that the use of EMA correlated with more pain at 48 hours postoperatively. Except for the visual analog scale scores, no statistically significant variations were observed in the occurrence of postoperative complications within the first 48 hours postoperatively between the EMA and RFA groups, including paresthesia, ecchymosis, induration, and phlebitis (P > .05). At 4 weeks postoperatively, significantly less pigmentation was observed in the RFA group than in the EMA group (13.04% vs 32.31%; P = .020). However, the pigmentation had resolved in all patients by 12 months postoperatively. The two groups had a reduction in the venous clinical severity scores and an increase in the CIVIQ scores after the procedure. However, the CIVIQ scores within the RFA group had increased more than had those within the EMA group (P < .05). No significant differences were found in recurrence between the two groups (EMA group, 1.54%; RFA group, 2.17%; P = .804). CONCLUSIONS: Both ablation techniques are safe and effective. RFA is associated with relatively higher treatment costs but shorter hospitalization and better quality of life improvement.

Catalytic Enantioselective [4+2] Cycloadditions of Salicylaldehyde Acetals with Enol Ethers.

A readily accessible conjugate-base-stabilized carboxylic acid (CBSCA) catalyst facilitates highly enantioselective [4+2] cycloaddition reactions of salicylaldehyde-derived acetals and cyclic enol ethers, resulting in the formation of polycyclic chromanes with oxygenation in the 2- and 4-positions. Stereochemically more complex products can be obtained from racemic enol ethers. Spirocyclic products are also accessible.

Nearly Ideal Transparency with Artificially Designed Meta-Atoms.

The ideal electromagnetic transparency refers to the ability of an object to remain scatteringless to any incoming waves, resulting in vacuum invisibility. However, natural solid substances can hardly be transparent in free space as they are responsive to external polarizations. Completely eliminating the polarization effect of an obstacle under arbitrary field illumination is a long-standing scientific challenge. Here, it is shown that a subwavelength meta-atom can be nearly ideally transparent in the vacuum. The overall vacuum-like property of the meta-atom is achieved through judiciously designing its internal polarization and magnetization. Remarkably, any large-scale objects made by stacking the meta-atoms inherit the vacuum-like property and are scatteringless in free space. By both the simulations and experiments, the meta-atom's peculiar property is reasonably verified. The proposed meta-atoms are excellent candidates for a wide range of applications, such as perfect radar radomes, scatteringless walls, filtering devices, and self-stealth materials.

Immobilization of laccase on magnetic mesoporous silica as a recoverable biocatalyst for the efficient degradation of benzo[a]pyrene.

Laccase is an efficient green biocatalyst, widely used for the degradation of various organic pollutants. However, free laccase is unstable and difficult to recover, which limits its practical application. In this study, a multilayer core-shell magnetic mesoporous silica (Fe3O4@d-SiO2@p-SiO2) microsphere with high specific surface area (275 m2 g-1) was fabricated for immobilization of laccase. The unique structure of Fe3O4@d-SiO2@p-SiO2 enabled the successful immobilization of laccase. Under the optimal immobilization conditions of laccase concentration of 1.5 mg mL-1, immobilization time of 6 h, immobilization pH of 6, the loading capacity of laccase was up to 567 mg g-1. Compared with free laccase, immobilized laccase exhibited remarkable pH stability, thermal stability and storage stability. Moreover, the immobilized laccase was easy to achieve magnetic recovery and possessed excellent reusability, with its activity remaining 58.2% after 10 consecutive reuses. More importantly, immobilized laccase had good degradation performance for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), which can achieve rapid and efficient degradation of low concentration BaP over a wide range of pH and temperature. The removal efficiency of BaP was up to 99.0% within 1 h, and still exceeded 35.0% after 5 cycles. The removal of BaP by immobilized laccase was achieved through both adsorption and degradation. The degradation products and possible degradation pathways were determined by GC-MS analysis. This study indicated that Fe3O4@d-SiO2@p-SiO2 could effectively enhance the stability and biocatalytic activity of laccase, which is expected to provide a new clean biotechnology for the remediation of BaP contaminated sites.