Comparison of Effect of Three Different Surgical Procedures on Ankle Joint Function Rehabilitation of Patients with Hepple V Talus Osteochondral Injury.

Objective: To discuss and compare the effects of three different surgical procedures on ankle function rehabilitation of patients with Hepple V talus osteochondral injury. Methods: A total of 60 patients with Hepple V talus osteochondral injury admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021, among which 17 patients in study group 1 received microfracture surgery, 20 patients in study group 2 received osteochondral autologous transplantation, and 23 patients in study group 3 received with periosteal iliac bone transplantation. The range of motion (ROM) of the patients' angle was evaluated by the goniometer before and after the treatment. The ankle function was evaluated by the ankle-hindfoot score of American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS). The ankle joint pain was evaluated by visual analogue score (VAS). The surgical efficacy was evaluated 12 months after surgery, and complications and nursing satisfaction were observed and recorded. Results: There was no significant difference in ROM, AOFAS score, and VAS score among the three groups before the treatment (P > 0.05). ROM and AOFAS score of the three groups were improved, and VAS score was decreased at 6 months and 12 months after treatment (P < 0.05). ROM and AOFAS score of group 2 and group 3 were higher than those of group 1, while the VAS score was lower than that of group 1, indicating significant difference (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in ROM, AOFAS, and VAS score between group 2 and group 3 (P > 0.05). The surgical efficacy of group 2 and group 3 was higher than that of group 1, indicating statistical significance (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in the surgical significance between group 2 and group 3 (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in complication rate among the three groups (P > 0.05), and the treatment satisfaction of group 2 and group 3 was higher than that of group 1, indicating statistical significance (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between group 2 and group 3 (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Three different surgical procedures have good therapeutic effect for Hepple V talus osteochondral injury. Osteochondral autologous transplantation and periosteal iliac bone transplantation can reduce the pain of ankle joint, promote the effect of ankle joint function recovery, which can effectively improve patient satisfaction. It is suggested to choose the surgical procedure according to the actual situation of patients.

Carbon Nanotubes Grown on the Carbon Fibers to Enhance the Photothermal Conversion toward Solar-Driven Applications.

Photothermal conversion is a directly, sustainable, and green path to use solar energy and the one of the most important keys is the photothermal conversion material. How to obtain the durable and effective material for photothermal conversion with low cost and facile preparation is still a great challenge. In this work, the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are grown on the carbon fibers (CFs) via the catalysis of trapped Fe and Co. The absorption of the as-prepared CFs/CNTs illustrate the enhancement from the visible light to the near-infrared light range. The photothermal conversion characterization shows the grown CNTs promoting the higher surface temperature and the highest temperature reaches to about 325 °C under 10 sun irradiations. The water evaporation on the CFs/CNTs is measured 1.40 ± 0.03 kg·cm-2·h-1 under 1 sun irradiation and the water evaporation rate is also found depending on the irradiation density. The photothermal conversion applications and the water evaporation under natural irradiation also reveal the suitable candidate of the CFs/CNTs for photothermal conversion application. This work provides a facile path to obtain effective carbon-based materials for photothermal application.

Spirocarbocycle Synthesis from Chloromethylarenes via Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Allylative Dearomatization and Ring Closure Metathesis.

A strategy for the synthesis of spirocarbocycles by using chloromethyl arenes as starting materials is described in this paper. The palladium-catalyzed allylative dearomatization and the subsequent ruthenium-catalyzed ring closure metathesis proceeded smoothly under mild conditions to produce the corresponding spirocarbocycle products with moderate to high yields. Benzene-ring-, naphthalene-ring-, and anthracene-ring-containing substrates can be easily transformed into spirocarbocycles by using the proposed method.

A polyaniline-modified electrode surface for boosting the electrocatalysis towards the hydrogen evolution reaction and ethanol oxidation reaction.

Here, polyaniline (PANI) is reported loaded on carbon paper to modify the carbon paper-PANI-Pt electrode surface, tailoring the electrocatalytic capability towards the hydrogen evolution reaction and ethanol oxidation reaction. The reasons for the enhancement by the PANI layer are attributed to the hydrophilic electrode surface, uniform dispersion of Pt, and large electrochemical active surface.