RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effects of high-flow nasal cannulae (HFNC) in elderly patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) and analyze prognostic factors following oxygen therapy. METHODS: We enrolled 200 ARF patients between January 2022 and June 2023, dividing them into an observation group (n=125) treated with HFNC, and a control group (n=75) receiving conventional oxygen therapy. We compared vital signs before and after treatment and categorized patients into good and poor prognosis groups to analyze demographic data and prognostic factors. RESULTS: Post-treatment, both groups showed improved vital signs, with the observation group experiencing significantly greater improvements (P<0.05). However, the observation group had a higher incidence of complications compared to controls (P=0.001). Patients with a history of endotracheal intubation or high APACHE II scores were more prevalent in the poor prognosis group (both P<0.05). Logistic regression identified the APACHE II score as a risk factor for poor prognosis, while HFNC emerged as a protective factor. CONCLUSIONS: HFNC is a safe and effective therapy that improves vital signs and alleviates hypoxia in elderly ARF patients. The APACHE II score and type of oxygen therapy are significant prognostic factors, with HFNC offering a protective effect.
RESUMO
As a class I carcinogen, aflatoxin can cause serious damage to various tissues and organs through oxidative stress injuries. The liver, as the target organ of AFB1, is the most seriously damaged. Biological methods are commonly used to degrade AFB1. In our study, the aflatoxin B1-degrading strain ZJ20 was screened from AFB1-contaminated feed and soil, and the degradation of AFB1 by ZJ20 was investigated. The whole genome of strain ZJ20 was analyzed, revealing the genomic complexity of strain ZJ20. The 16S rRNA analysis of strain ZJ20 showed 100% identity to Bacillus subtilis IAM 12118. Through whole gene functional annotation, it was determined that ZJ20 has high antioxidant activity and enzymatic activity; more than 100 CAZymes and 11 gene clusters are involved in the production of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial properties. In addition, B. subtilis ZJ20 was predicted to contain a cluster of genes encoding AFB1-degrading enzymes, including chitinase, laccase, lactonase, and manganese oxidase. The comprehensive analysis of B. subtilis provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent development of the biological functions of ZJ20 and the combinatorial enzyme degradation of AFB1.
RESUMO
Glaucoma is a common heterogeneous eye disorder that may lead to irreversible blindness. In the present study, we examined whether etidronate, a member of bisphosphonates, may have neuroprotective effects in in vivo and in vitro rat model of glaucoma. In an in vivo setting, chronic ocular hypertension (COH) was induced in adult rat retina. We discovered that systemic injection of etidronate reduced COH-induced retinal oxidative stress, including caspase-3 activity and MDA level, as well as promoted retinal ganglion cell survival. In an in vitro setting, neonatal retinal ganglion cell was incubated with etidronate. We found etidronate incubation promoted neurite growth, upregulated IGF-1 and p-IGF-1R protein expressions in retinal ganglion cell. In addition, application of a selective IGF-1R antagonist effectively blocked the pro-neuronal effect of etidronate on retinal ganglion cell growth, and reduced p-IGF-1R protein expression. Thus, our results demonstrated that etidronate might reduce retinal oxidative stress and promote retinal neuronal growth through IGF-1 signaling pathway. Future work may define its clinical feasibility to treating human patients with glaucoma.