RESUMO
The transition-metal-catalyzed decarboxylation of aryl carboxylic acids has drawn significant attention as an efficient and practical tool for the synthesis of substituted arenes. However, the decarboxylative construction of polysubstituted arenes with different contiguous substituents has not been widely reported. Herein, we describe a novel decarbonylative Catellani reaction via palladium-catalyzed, norbornene (NBE)-mediated polyfunctionalization of aromatic thioesters, which serve as readily available carboxylic acid derivatives. A variety of alkenyl, alkyl, aryl, and sulfur moieties could be conveniently introduced into the ipso-positions of the aromatic thioesters. By combining carboxyl-directed C-H functionalization and the classical Catellani reaction, our protocol allows for the construction of 1,2,3-trisubstituted and 1,2,3,4-tetrasubstituted arenes from simple aromatic acids. Furthermore, the late-stage functionalization of a series of drug molecules highlights the potential utility of the reaction.
RESUMO
Geodorum eulophioides Schltr., is a critically Endangered orchid (IUCN). In this study, we report the first complete chloroplast (cp) genome of G. eulophioides to provide the underlying information for genetic breeding and conservation studies of this species. The cp genome sequence of G. eulophioides is 149,466 bp in length, which contains one large single-copy region (LSC, 85,436 bp), one small single-copy region (SSC, 14,086 bp), and two inverted repeat regions (IRs, 24,972 bp). The cp genome encoded 177 genes, of which 106 were unique genes (78 protein-coding genes, 24 tRNAs, and 4 rRNAs). Phylogenetic analysis showed that G. eulophioides is closely related to the genera Eulophia.
RESUMO
Cymbidium erythraeum Lindl. is an endangered species of Orchidaceae and distributed in China and Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, and Vietnam. Here, we report the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence and the cp genome features of C. erythraeum. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of C. erythraeum is 156,327 bp in length and including one large single-copy region (LSC, 85,404 bp), one small single-copy region (SSC, 20,021 bp), and two inverted repeat regions (IRs, 25,426 bp). The cp genome encoded 136 genes, of which 107 were unique genes (80 protein-coding genes, 23 tRNAs, and four rRNAs). The phylogenetic relationships show that C. erythraeum is closely related to other species in the genus Cymbidium and is sister with C. tracyanum.
RESUMO
Dendrobium harveyanum is an endangered species of Orchidaceae. Here we report the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence and the cp genome features of D. harveyanum. The complete cp genome sequence of D. harveyanum is 157,292 bp in length and presented a typical quadripartite structure including one large single-copy region (LSC, 86,583 bp), one small single-copy region (SSC, 19,449 bp), and two inverted repeat regions (IRs, 25,630 bp each). The cp genome encoded 138 genes, of which 120 were unique genes. The phylogenetic relationships show that D. harveyanum is closely related to other species in Dendrobium.
RESUMO
Cymbidium changningense is an ornamental orchid and endemic specie in China. Here, we report the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence and the cp genome features of C. changningense. The cp genome was 155,388 bp in length with a typical quadripartite structure, which was comprised of one large single copy (LSC, 84,522 bp) region and one small single copy (SSC, 20,622 bp) region separated by two inverted repeat (IR, 25,122 bp) regions. The cp genome encoded 132 genes, of which 108 were unique genes (80 protein-coding genes, 24 tRNAs, and four rRNAs). The phylogenetic analysis showed that C. changningense was sister with C. erythraeum.
