Chemical Constituents， Pharmacological Effect， and Product Development of Eucommia ulmoides with Both Medicinal and Edible Values： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Eucommia ulmoides， a plant belonging to Eucommiaceae， has a history of medical use for over two thousand years in China. The dried bark and leaves of this plant are usually used as medicinal materials. Due to the high safety in clinical application， E. ulmoides leaves were officially recognized for both medicinal and edible use by the food safety evaluation in 2019， providing a valuable resource for the development of food and health products. According to the traditional Chinese medicine theory， E. ulmoides has the effects of nourishing the liver and kidneys， strengthening sinews and bones， and calming fetus. Modern research has shown that different parts such as the bark， leaves， flowers， and seeds of E. ulmoides contain similar chemical components， including phenylpropanoids， terpenoids， flavonoids， phenolic acids， steroids， and polysaccharides. E. ulmoides exhibits diverse pharmacological activities such as lowering blood pressure and blood lipid and glucose levels， preventing osteoporosis and possesses anti-tumor， anti-bacterial， antiviral， anti-inflammatory， antioxidant， and hepatoprotective effects. Therefore， it holds great potential for the development of products with both medicinal and edible values. This review systematically summarizes the chemical constituents， pharmacological activities， and representative medicinal and edible products of different parts of E. ulmoides. It is expected to provide theoretical references for the clinical application of E. ulmoides and its active components and the development and utilization of the products with both medicinal and edible values. This review contributes to a deeper understanding of the medicinal properties of E. ulmoides and provides guidance for further exploration of its applications in the healthcare field. As a plant with both medicinal and edible values， E. ulmoides is expected to attract more attention in future research and contribute to human health.

Study on Computer Screening and Drug Properties of Herbs Intervening in Copper Death.

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the medicinal properties of herbal medicines that can interfere with the copper death pathway. Methods: The Human Gene Database, Chemical Interactions in Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Medical Information Platform, and Cytoscape software were used to find target and chemicals that interfere with copper death targets, as well as herbal medicines containing these chemicals and their four natures and five flavors (basic properties of herbal medicines). Results: 27 copper death-related targets were finally retrieved, as well as 2143 chemicals that could interfere with them, including 180 herbal compounds. The compounds with the highest degree values (number of nodes connected to this node) were folic acid, resveratrol, and quercetin. The 180 compounds were related to 278 herbs; those with the highest degree values (number of nodes connected to this node) were Jujubae Fructus, Ginkgo biloba L, and Acanthopanax senticosus. The 27 copper death targets were indirectly associated with 278 herbs; those with the highest degree values (number of nodes connected to this node) were Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc, and Mori Folium. Among the 278 herbs, 6 had incomplete information. A pharmacological analysis showed that among the 272 Chinese herbs, the most frequent meridians were the liver (133), lung (104), and spleen (91). Of the four natures, the most frequent were cold (73), warm (68), and flat (45). Of the five flavors, the most frequent were bitter (165), pungent (116), and sweet (99). Conclusion: This study preliminarily discussed the material basis and medicinal properties of herbs that can intervene in copper death, which can provide reference for the theoretical discussion, drug development, and clinical research of Chinese medicine regulating copper death.

The effect of music as an intervention for post-stroke depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The clinical application of music therapy and research into its use and effectiveness are common in Western countries. The physiological role of this type of therapy is to stimulate the central nervous system through music, which may have a sedative, analgesic effect, and reduce negative emotions. Previous studies have confirmed that music can be effective for a range of psychological disorders, including post-stroke depression (PSD). There is, however, a lack of systematic evaluation of its effectiveness, and variability in sample size and in the quality of research has detracted from the persuasiveness of findings. METHODS: Based on PRISMA 2020, articles on music therapy intervention in post-stroke depression were identified through the Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, Weipu, and Wanfang databases. The retrieval time was taken from the establishment of the database to October 18, 2022. Two researchers conducted a stringent evaluation of the quality of the articles and extracted the data. They then used RevMan5.3 software for meta-analysis. RESULTS: Twenty articles were listed, involving 1625 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that music therapy could lower scores on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS/Ham-D), the National Institutes of Health stroke scale and self-rated depression scale for patients with PSD. Music therapy was also shown to improve the Barthel Index for Activities of Daily Living and treatment efficacy of PSD patients. However, music therapy did not reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in PSD patients. CONCLUSION: Music therapy has benefits in improving HDRS/Ham-D score and symptoms of PSD patients, and could be more widely applied.

A bibliometric analysis of research related Chinese Medicine in the prevention and treatment of corona virus disease 2019.

Objective: To perform a bibliometric analysis of published research related to the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: Research documents related to the use of TCM for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 published up to September 19, 2021, were retrieved from the Web of Science database. Bibliometrix R 4.0 software package was used to analyze data, including countries of publication, research institutions, journals, citations, and keywords. Further analysis was conducted to identify co-occurrence of keywords in the documents, including their titles and abstracts. Cooperative network analyses of authors, institutions, and countries of publication were also conducted. The classification types were statistically analyzed and the research progress of key TCMs was reviewed. Results: A total of 417 documents were included in our analysis. Of these, 85.13% originated in China. Of the 417 documents, 148 (35.5%) were published in journals with impact factors in quartile 1 and 164 (39.3%) in journals in quartile 2. The documents were mainly published in journals categorized as Medicine. The results of network analysis showed close cooperation between institutions and countries. Excluding disease- and drug-related keywords, the top four keywords were 'Systematic review', 'Network pharmacology', 'Medicine' and 'Molecular docking'. Keyword co-occurrence analysis showed 4 main keywords association groups. Statistical analysis of the TCM studies showed that Lianhua Qingwen capsule, Qingfei Paidu decoction, Shufeng Jiedu capsules and ReDuNing injection were the most studied Chinese medicines. Lianhua Qingwen capsules, Qingfei Paidu decoction, ReDuNing injection, and Shufeng Jiedu capsules were used in clinical, bioinformatics, and basic research. Toujie Quwen granule, Jinhua Qinggan granule, Shuanghuanglian oral liquid, Tanreqing injection, and Xuanfei Baidu decoction were used in clinical and bioinformatics research, although basic research on their mechanisms of action is lacking. Conclusion: Research intensity and recognition, as well as cooperation, in the field of Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 has increased. Research types are generally comprehensive, and investigated several TCM formulations that are specifically recommended by Chinese COVID-19 guidelines. However, comprehensive, in-depth research on their molecular mechanisms of action is still lacking. More basic research is thus needed to identify therapeutic mechanisms to standardize and validate the use of TCM in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

Epidemic characteristics of respiratory viruses in hospitals in a Chinese city during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic

The SARS-CoV-2 virus first broke out in China in early 2020. The early symptoms of COVID-19 are similar to those of influenza. Therefore, during the epidemic, patients with similar symptoms will be tested for multiple pathogens at the same time. In order to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2, China has taken many measures. Under this special situation, have the types and epidemic characteristics of respiratory viruses changed? The nucleic acid test results of influenza A virus, influenza B virus and respiratory syncytial virus, as well as the antibody test results of 8 common respiratory viruses of Jinan Central Hospital were collected before and after the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2, and age distribution and time distribution characteristics were statisticed. Furthermore the epidemiological characteristics of this new virus before and after the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic was compared. In the early stage of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, influenza A, influenza B and respiratory syncytial virus nucleic acid test samples were large, and the positive rate of the three viruses was high. After that, the sample size and positive rate decreased significantly. No co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses was found in our hospital. The sample size before the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak was larger than that after the outbreak, but the positive rate of the outbreak was lower than that after the outbreak. And the infection rate of children decreased in the middle and late stages of the epidemic. This is because since January 23, in order to prevent the spread of the new crown epidemic, my country has adopted measures such as wearing masks, not gathering together, and quarantining at home. This not only prevents the spread of the new crown virus, but also prevents the common respiratory tract. The spread of the virus has reduced the incidence of residents.

Sensitivity evaluation of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) RT-PCR detection kits and strategy to reduce false negative

An ongoing outbreak of pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV-2 has now been confirmed globally. In absence of effective vaccines, infection prevention and control through diagnostic testing and quarantine is critical. Early detection and differential diagnosis of respiratory infections increases the chances for successful control of COVID-19 disease. The nucleic acid RT-PCR test is regarded as the current standard for molecular diagnosis with high sensitivity. However, the highest specificity confirmation target ORF1ab gene is considered to be less sensitive than other targets in clinical application. In addition, a large amount of recent evidence indicates that the initial missed diagnosis of asymptomatic patients with SARS-CoV-2 and discharged patients with "re-examination positive" may be due to low viral load, and the ability of rapid mutation of coronavirus also increases the rate of false negative results. We aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of different nucleic acid detection kits so as to make recommendations for the selection of validation kit, and amplify the suspicious result to be reportable positive by means of simple continuous amplification, which is of great significance for the prevention and control of the current epidemic and the discharge criteria of low viral load patients.

Construction and evaluation of a genetic engineered strain for biodesulfurization / 生物工程学报

We first cloned the dsz operon of Pseudomonas delafieldii R-8 into the expressing plasmid (pPR9TT) to construct the recombinant plasmid pPR-dsz, and then reintroduced it into strain R-8 to obtain a muti-copy dsz operon engineering strain R-8-1. Compared with the wild-type, strain R-8-1 showed a higher desulfurization activity for dibenzothiophene (DBT). Initial rates of DBT removal by strain R-8-1 were 6.25 micromol/g dry cell/h, about 2-fold higher than that for wild-type strain. The recombinant cells were also applied in the desulfurization of diesel. It resulted in a 68% reduction of total sulfur from 310.8 mg/L to 100.1 mg/L, whereas only 53% of sulfur was removed by strain R-8. The stability of pPR-dsz in strain R-8-1 was studied. The results revealed the first obtain a muti-copy dsz operon engineering strain are helpful for further development in biodesulfurization.