Treatment Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients with Brucellosis: Case Series in Heilongjiang and Systematic Review of Literature / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#Clinical characteristics and outcome in COVID-19 with brucellosis patients has not been well demonstrated, we tried to analyze clinical outcome in local and literature COVID-19 cases with brucellosis before and after recovery.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively collected hospitalization data of comorbid patients and prospectively followed up after discharge in Heilongjiang Infectious Disease Hospital from January 15, 2020 to April 29, 2022. Demographics, epidemiological, clinical symptoms, radiological and laboratory data, treatment medicines and outcomes, and follow up were analyzed, and findings of a systematic review were demonstrated.@*RESULTS@#A total of four COVID-19 with brucellosis patients were included. One patient had active brucellosis before covid and 3 patients had nonactive brucellosis before brucellosis. The median age was 54.5 years, and all were males (100.0%). Two cases (50.0%) were moderate, and one was mild and asymptomatic, respectively. Three cases (75.0%) had at least one comorbidity (brucellosis excluded). All 4 patients were found in COVID-19 nucleic acid screening. Case C and D had only headache and fever on admission, respectively. Four cases were treated with Traditional Chinese medicine, western medicines for three cases, no adverse reaction occurred during hospitalization. All patients were cured and discharged. Moreover, one case (25.0%) had still active brucellosis without re-positive COVID-19, and other three cases (75.0%) have no symptoms of discomfort except one case fell fatigue and anxious during the follow-up period after recovery. Conducting the literature review, two similar cases have been reported in two case reports, and were both recovered, whereas, no data of follow up after recovery.@*CONCLUSION@#These cases indicate that COVID-19 patients with brucellosis had favorable outcome before and after recovery. More clinical studies should be conducted to confirm our findings.

Evaluation of the preventive effect of DL0805-2 against monocrotaline induced rat pulmonary arterial hypertension / 药学学报

In the treatment of hypertensive crisis, the novel Rho kinase inhibitor DL0805-2 can rapidly lower systematic blood pressure, reduce pulmonary artery pressure, and has a significant protective effect on lung injury. This experiment intends to evaluate the efficacy of DL0805-2 against pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and preliminarily reveals its underlying mechanism. Animal welfare and experimental procedures are in accordance with the provision of the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into DL0805-2 low, medium, and high dose groups (1, 3, and 10 mg·kg-1), bosentan positive control group, model group, and blank control group. The drug was administered daily on the 7th day after model establishment by monocrotaline injection. On the 25th day of the experiment, relevant indicators were examined to observe the therapeutic effect of DL0805-2 on pulmonary hypertension. DL0805-2 significantly relieved the abnormal changes in the physiological parameters related to PAH induced by monocrotaline, including reducing right ventricular systolic pressure, alleviating cardiac damage caused by pressure overload, and reducing the levels of endothelin-1 and inflammatory factors in lung tissues. DL0805-2 also attenuated pulmonary arteries remodeling. It was preliminarily discovered that DL0805-2 exerts preventive and therapeutic effect on PAH through Rho-kinase pathway. Our results suggested that DL0805-2 had good therapeutic effects on monocrotaline-induced PAH rat model. It intervened early in the disease process, effectively prevented the development of the disease, and reduced the mortality of the diseased animals. The mechanism is related to Rho-kinase pathway.

Comparative efficacy and safety of first-line EGFR-TKIs for advanced non-small cell lung cancer：a network meta-analysis / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib in the first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library were searched to identify the relevant literatures published from December 2008 to December 2018. Bayesian network meta-analysis was carried out to rank the three treatments. Results A total of ten eligible studies involving 2275 patients were enrolled. In terms of efficacy, the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) indicated that erlotinib performed best in progression-free survival(PFS)(0.88), afatinib performed best in objective response rate(ORR)(0.82) and disease control rate(DCR) (0.86), gefitinib performed worst in PFS (0.45), ORR(0.42), and DCR(0.45). For safety, the differences of grade 3 or 4 adverse events rate (OR=0.29,95%CI:0.08-0.98) and discontinuation rate(OR=0.14,95%CI:0.01-0.8) between erlotinib and the platinum-based doublet chemotherapy were statistically significant. The ranking results also supported that erlotinib was the safest. SUCRA results suggested that gefitinib (0.31) had a lower grade 3 or 4 adverse events rate than afatinib (0.57), and the possibility of discontinuation in gefitinib (0.44) was similar to that of afatinib (0.41). Conclusion Erlotinib might be the preferred first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC after weighing and balancing the benefits and risks.

Value of sTREM-1 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, APACHE II score, and SOFA score in evaluating the conditions and prognosis of children with severe pneumonia / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the significance of the level of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score in evaluating the conditions and prognosis of children with severe pneumonia.@*METHODS@#A total of 76 children with severe pneumonia who were admitted from August 2017 to October 2019 were enrolled as the severe pneumonia group. According to the treatment outcome, they were divided into a non-response group with 34 children and a response group with 42 children. Ninety-four children with common pneumonia who were admitted during the same period of time were enrolled as the common pneumonia group. One hundred healthy children who underwent physical examination in the outpatient service during the same period of time were enrolled as the control group. The serum level of sTREM-1, APACHE II score, and SOFA score were measured for each group, and the level of sTREM-1 in BALF was measured for children with severe pneumonia. The correlation of the above indices with the severity and prognosis of severe pneumonia in children was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The severe pneumonia group had significantly higher serum sTREM-1 level, APACHEII score, and SOFA score than the common pneumonia group and the control group (P0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The level of sTREM-1 in serum and BALF and SOFA score can be used to evaluate the severity and prognosis of severe pneumonia in children.

Prognostic significance of a long non-coding RNA signature in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To identify the relationship between a set of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) signature and the prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients,so as to evaluate their prognostic significance.Methods LncRNA expression profiles and clinical data of DLBCL patients were extracted from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database: GSE31312 (n=424, training set) and GSE10846 (n=295, validation set). In the training set,a set of 8-lncRNA signature associated with the overall survival (OS) of DLBCL patients was established through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) combined with stability selection method and multivariate Cox regression analysis.Based on this 8-lncRNA signature, the patients in each data set could be classified into high-risk group and low-risk group. The survival curves of patients in both groups were compared by log-rank test. Then three Cox proportional hazard models, namely, international prognostic index (IPI), lncRNA signature and IPI+lncRNA signature model were constructed. The incident/dynamic receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves method was applied to evaluate and compare their predict accuracy.Results A total of 8 lncRNAs related to the prognosis of DLBCL were found.In the training and validation sets,the difference of survival curves between high-risk group and low-risk group was statistically significant respectively (training set: 2=73.1, P<0.001, validation set: 2=13.4, P<0.001), the difference of C-index between IPI+lncRNA signature model and either of the other two models were also statistically significant (training set: IPI+lncRNA vs. IPI: Z=76.536, P<0.001; IPI+lncRNA vs. lncRNA: Z=17.714, P<0.001;validation set: IPI+lncRNA vs. IPI: Z=42.427, P<0.001; IPI+lncRNA vs. lncRNA: Z=30.587, P<0.001).Conclusions The 8-lncRNA signature can be used as a composite prognostic biomarker of DLBCL. Besides, lncRNA combined with IPI has better prognostic predict ability than IPI alone.

Effects of moxibustion at 45 ℃ on blood lipoids and serum level of ox-LDL and NO in rats with hyperlipidemia / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effects of moxibustion at different temperatures (38 ℃ and 45 ℃) on blood lipoids and serum level of oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and nitric oxide (NO) in rats with hyperlipidemia, and to explore the correlation between regulating blood fat and anti-oxidative stress and protection of vascular endothelium of moxibustion at 45 ℃.@*METHODS@#According to random number table, 60 SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a moxibustion at 38 ℃ group and a moxibustion at 45 ℃ group, 15 rats in each group. The rats in the normal group received no treatment; the rats in the remaining three groups were fed with high-fat diet for 8 weeks to prepare rat models of hyperlipidemia. After successful modeling, the rats in the model group received no treatment; the rats in the moxibustion at 38 ℃ group and moxibustion at 45 ℃ group were treated with moxibustion at "Shenque" (CV 8) and "Zusanli" (ST 36), and the temperature was controlled at (38±1) ℃ and (45±1) ℃, respectively. The moxibustion was given for 10 min at each acupoint, once every two days, and totally 4-week treatment was given. After treatment, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured by using biochemical colorimetric method; the levels of ox-LDL and NO were measured by using ELISA method.@*RESULTS@#① Compared with the normal group, the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C were significantly increased in the model group (all 0.05). ② Compared with the normal group, the level of ox-LDL was increased but that of NO was decreased in the model group (both <0.01); compared with the model group and moxibustion at 38 ℃ group, the level of ox-LDL was decreased but that of NO was increased in the moxibustion at 45 ℃ group (<0.01, <0.05); compared with the model group, the level of ox-LDL was decreased but that of NO was increased in the moxibustion at 38 ℃ group (both <0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Moxibustion at 45 ℃ has regulating effects on blood lipid in rats with hyperlipidemia, which can regulate blood lipid through various ways, such as anti-oxidative stress and protection of vascular endothelium.

Construction and characterization of the stk and stp1 knockout mutant in streptococcus suis type 2 / 医学研究生学报

Objective Serine /threonine kinases (STK) and phosphatases (STP) regulate various physiological activities of prokaryotes by reversible phosphorylation of proteins .This paper aimed to study the effects of simultaneous deletion of the stk and stp1 genes on the biological characteristics and pathogenicity of streptococcus suis type 2, the Chinese virulent strain 05ZYH33. Methods The double mutant of the stk and stp1 genes of 05ZYH33 was constructed by homologous recombination .The biological characteristics of the wild strain 05ZYH33 and the mutant strain Δstk/stp1 were compared.The effects of the stk and stp1 deletion on bacterial virulence was analyzed using cell adhesion assay , anti-phagocytosis assay and the mouse model of infection . Results RT-PCR showed that the stk and stp1 genes were replaced by the spectinomycin resistance gene Spc r and the mutant strain was successfully constructed .Experi-ments of biological characterization revealed gradually increased value of 05ZYH33 and Δstk/stp1 at 2 hours after inoculation and a plateau period at 7 hours.The logarithmic phase of the mutant strain (A600≈0.4) was 1 hour later than that of the wild one , and the bacterial den-sity of the former was lower than that of the latter after the plateau pe -riod (0.8 vs 1.0).On the blood plates of 05ZYH33 and Δstk/stp1 were observed greyish, round, semitransparent, wet and smooth-sur-faced tiny bacterial colonies , around which there were hemolysis rings with no significant differences in colony morphology and hemolytic ac -tivity.In the experiment on pathogenicity , the mice of the 05ZYH33 group all died within 12 hours while 9 of the 30 mice in the Δstk/stp1 group died within 12 hours and all died within 24 hours. Conclusion The simultaneous deletion of the stk and stp1 genes may mainly affect the regulation of the proteins associated with bacte -rial proliferation and division.

Rapid Identification and Subtyping of Enterobacter cloacae Clinical Isolates Using Peptide Mass Fingerprinting / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a domestic database of Enterobacteria cloacae (E. cloacae), and improve the identification efficiency using peptide mass fingerprinting.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Peptide mass fingerprinting was used for the identification and subtyping of E. cloacae. Eighty-seven strains, identified based on hsp60 genotyping, were used to construct and evaluate a new reference database.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the original reference database, the identification efficiency and accuracy of the new reference database was greatly improved at the species level. The first super reference database for E. cloacae identification was also constructed and evaluated. Based on the super reference database and the main spectra projection dendrogram, E. cloacae strains were divided into two clades.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Peptide mass fingerprinting is a powerful method to identify and subtype E. cloacae, and the use of this method will allow us to obtain more information to understand the heterogeneous organism E. cloacae.</p>

A simple approach to assess N load capacity of rice paddy fields in the southern Taihu Lake watershed.

High nitrogen (N) leaching from irrigated agricultural soils is the result of N input exceeding soil N load capacity (NLC). A simple approach was developed in this research to assess the NLC of paddy soils in the southern Taihu Lake watershed. Paddy soils were classified into four types (Submergenic, Illuvium, Gleyed, and Percogenic) and 28 soil samples representing all four types were collected from across the region. The NLC values of the paddy soils were assessed using a split-line model and the spatial variability of the NLC among various rice paddy soils in the region was also evaluated with Kriging analysis. Results showed the NLC of paddy soils were both soil type and background N content related. The critical N sorption values (NLC plus soil N background) of the Gleyed, Illuvium, Submergenic, and Percogenic paddy soil samples varied from 283.1 to 315.6 mg kg(-1), 203.0 to 270.2 mg kg(-1), 240.6 to 254.4 mg kg(-1), and 177.4 to 186.2 mg kg(-1), respectively. However, on average the NLC of paddy soils in the region was 80.3 mg kg(-1), and the corresponding environmental N load threshold was around 110 kg N ha(-1). Geo-statistic results showed that the NLCs were unevenly distributed throughout the rice paddy dominated areas of the southern Taihu Lake watershed. The NLC assessment approach and spatial distribution information provided helpful guidance to set an environmental N threshold for best N management and hence reduce degradation of water for the whole rice ecosystem.

The RAS/PI3K Pathway is Involved in the Impairment of Long-term Potentiation Induced by Acute Aluminum Treatment in Rats / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the role of RAS/PI3K pathway in the impairment of long-term potentiation (LTP) induced by acute aluminum (Al) treatment in rats in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>First, different dosages of aluminum-maltolate complex [Al(mal)3] were given to rats via acute intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection. Following Al exposure, the RAS activity of rat hippocampus were detected by ELISA assay after the hippocampal LTP recording by field potentiation technique in vivo. Second, the antagonism on the aluminum-induced suppression of hippocampal LTP was observed after the treatment of the RAS activator epidermal growth factor (EGF). Finally, the antagonism on the downstream molecules (PKB activity and the phosphorylation of GluR1 S831 and S845) were tested by ELISA and West-blot assays at the same time.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With the increasing aluminum dosage, a gradually decreasing in RAS activity of the rat hippocampus was produced after a gradually suppressing on LTP. The aluminum-induced early suppression of hippocampal LTP was antagonized by the RAS activator epidermal growth factor (EGF). And the EGF treatment produced changes similar to those observed for LTP between the groups on PKB activity as well as the phosphorylation of GluR1 S831 and S845.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The RAS→PI3K/PKB→GluR1 S831 and S845 signal transduction pathway may be involved in the inhibition of hippocampal LTP by aluminum exposure in rats. However, the mechanisms underlying this observation need further investigation.</p>

Visual cortex activation range of color vision with BOLD-fMRI in anisometropia amblyopia children / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To analyze the recovery of visual cortex activation range of color vision in anisometropia amblyopia children after treatment by using blood oxygen level dependence-functional magnetic resonance imaging ( BOLD- fMRI ) and SPM8 software. METHODS:Self-control study. This fMRI study directly compared activity in visual cortex produced by color monocular stimulation in 13 monocular anisometropia amblyopia children. The project of study was blocked design. The data of functions and anatomical MRI was stimulated by three-primary colors and was preprocessed and analyzed by SPM8 that based on MATLAB software. According to the data, we compared the change of the central area of color vision when first visit and 1, 2 ,4wk after treatment. RESULTS: The BA17, BA18, BA19 and BA37 of amblyopia children were different activated after they accepted the three-primary colors stimulation (PCONCLUSION: After 4wk treatment, visual cortex activation of color vision of anisometropia amblyopic children is expanded, but with low extent, after the short-term treatment of amblyopia, visual cortex activation of color vision has a certain degree of recovery but not obvious.

Effects of exposure to aluminum on long-term potentiation and AMPA receptor subunits in rats in vivo / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of exposure to aluminum (Al) on long-term potentiation (LTP) and AMPA receptor subunits in rats in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Different dosages of aluminum-maltolate complex [Al(mal)3] were given to rats via acute intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection and subchronic intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. Following Al exposure, the hippocampal LTP were recorded by field potentiation technique in vivo and the expression of AMPAR subunit proteins (GluR1 and GluR2) in both total and membrane-enriched extracts from the CA1 area of rat hippocampus were detected by Western blot assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Acute Al treatment produced dose-dependent suppression of LTP in the rat hippocampus and dose-dependent decreases of GluR1 and GluR2 in membrane extracts; however, no similar changes were found in the total cell extracts, which suggests decreased trafficking of AMPA receptor subunits from intracellular pools to synaptic sites in the hippocampus. The dose-dependent suppressive effects on LTP and the expression of AMPA receptor subunits both in the membrane and in total extracts were found after subchronic Al treatment, indicating a decrease in AMPA receptor subunit trafficking from intracellular pools to synaptic sites and an additional reduction in the expression of the subunits.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Al(mal)3 obviously and dose-dependently suppressed LTP in the rat hippocampal CA1 region in vivo, and this suppression may be related to both trafficking and decreases in the expression of AMPA receptor subunit proteins. However, the mechanisms underlying these observations need further investigation.</p>

Rapid and high-throughput identification of recombinant bacteria with mass spectrometry assay / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a rapid and high-throughput assay for identifying recombinant bacteria based on mass spectrometry.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) techniques were used to identify 12 recombinant proteins (10 of Yersinia pestis, 1 of Campylobacter jejuni and 1 of Helicobacter pylori). A classification model for the various phase of recombinant bacteria was established, optimized and validated, using MALDI-TOF MS-ClinProTools system. The differences in the peptide mass spectra were analyzed by using Biotyper and FlexAnalysis softwares.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Models of GA, SNN, and QC were established. After optimizing the parameters, the GA recognition model showed good classification capabilities: RC=100%, mean CVA=98.7% (the CVA was 96.4% in phase 1, 100% in phase 2, 98.4% in phase 3, and 100% in phase 4, respectively) and PPV=95%. This model can be used to classify the bacteria and their recombinant, which only requires 3.7×103 cells for analysis. The total time needed is only 10 min from protein extraction to reporting the result for one sample. Furthermore, this assay can automatically detect and test 96 samples concurrently. A total of 48 specific peaks (9, 16, 9, and 14 for the four stages, respectively) was found in the various phase of recombinant bacteria.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MALDI-TOF MS can be used as a fast, accurate, and high-throughput method to identify recombinant bacteria, which provide a new ideas not only for recombinant bacteria but also for the identification of mutant strains and bioterrorism pathogens.</p>

Effects of mild moxibustion on contents of blood lipoids and serum NO in hyperlipidemia rats / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect mechanisms of mild moxibustion in treatment of hyperlipidemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a moxibustion group, an acupuncture group and a medication group, 12 rats in each group. The hyperlipidemia model was established by intro-gastric administration of fat emulsion for 4 weeks in the later four groups, and 0.9% sodium chloride was given in the normal group. Treatments started when hyperlipidemia model was sullessfully established. No treatment was given in the normal group and the model group. The acupuncture group and the moxibustion group were treated with acupuncture and moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36) and Shenque (CV 8), respectively, once a day. The medication group was treated with introgastric administration of lovastatin (10 mg/kg), once a day. The model group, acupuncture group, moxibustion group and medication group were treated with continuing introgastric administration during the 4-week treatment. Four blood lipoids items were detected by biochemical colorimetry, and the contents of serum NO were measured by nitrate reductase method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the model group, the contents of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and NO in the moxibustion group, acupuncture group and medication group were decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.001), mean-while, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) showed a increasing trend without statistical significance. The moxibustion group was better than the medication group at the effect in decreasing the contents of TC, LDL-C and NO. NO had positive correlation with TC and LDL-C in the moxibustion group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), while NO had negative correlation with TC and LDL-C in the medication group (both P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mild moxibustion has a favorable regulative action on blood lipoids and serum NO in hyperlipidemia rats. Mild moxibustion can play a role in anti-vascular injury, anti-inflammation and prevention of atherosclerosis by lowering the serum NO in rats.</p>

Causes of chronic cough in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the causes of chronic cough in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective analysis was carried out on the clinical data of 132 children with chronic cough from August 2010 to September 2011.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Several conditions were found to contribute to chronic cough in children, including cough variant asthma (CVA, n=56), upper airway cough syndrome (UACS, n=44), infections/postinfectious cough (IC/PIC, n=22), allergic cough (AC, n=8), gastroesophageal reflux cough (GERC, n=5), and others (n=3). There was significant difference in the distribution of IC/IPC among an infant group (<1 year), a group of young children (>1 year), a group of preschool aged children (>3 years) and a group of school-age children (6-14 years) (χ2=11.638, P=0.001), and the infant group showed a significantly higher prevalence of IC/PIC than the other three age groups (P<0.05). IC/PIC was the main cause of chronic cough in the infant group, while CVA and UACS were the main causes in each of the other groups. A relatively large proportion of AC, CVA and UACS cases had a personal history of allergy, a family history of allergy/asthma and a history of exposure to harmful environments.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CVA, UACS, and IC/PIC are main causes of chronic cough in children, varying among different age groups. Children with a personal history of allergy, family history of allergy/asthma and a history of exposure to harmful environment are more vulnerable to AC, CVA and UACS.</p>

Therapeutic effects of common cold of wind-cold type at early stage treated by different cupping duration / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the differences of therapeutic effects on common cold of wind-cold type at early stage treated by different cupping duration.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty cases of common cold of wind-cold type were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group by fifty-fifty. Flash cupping was applied at Dazhui (GV 14), Fengmen (BL 12), Feishu (BL 13), Xinshu (BL 15) and Geshu (BL 16), etc., and the cupping was retained for 25-30 min in the observation group and 15 min in the control group. The therapeutic effects were compared after twice treatments.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effect rate was 93.3% (28/30) in observation group, superior to that 66.7% (20/30) in control group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The therapeutic effect of common cold of wind-cold type at early stage treated with cupping for 25-30 min is obvious, superior to that for 15 min.</p>

Expression of bone morphogenetic protein receptor IA in rats after contusive spinal cord injury / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the expression pattern of bone morphogenetic protein receptor IA (BMPR IA) in rats after contusive spinal cord injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expressions of BMPR IA, IB, and II were detected by immunochemistry in the spinal cord of normal adult rats, and the expression of BMPR IA was detected in the infinite horizons impactor model at 1, 3, 7, 14, 30, and 60 days after spinal cord injury.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the spinal cord of normal adult rats, BMPR IA and II were expressed predominantly in the oligodentrocytes and neurons in the grey matter, and also in some astrocytes and numerous microglia cells. Only a low level of BMPR IB expression was detected in the neurons of the grey matter. After spinal cord injury, the expression of BMP IA markedly increased with sustained strong expression in the astrocytes till one month after the injury; its expression was also increased obviously in the microglia cells activated by the injury.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of BMPR IA increases significantly in the astrocytes and activated microglia cells in rats after contusive spinal cord injury, suggesting the involvement of BMP signaling pathway in the physiological and pathological role of glia cells.</p>

Experience of professor Sun Liuhe in treating facial peripheral paralysis / 中国针灸

Professor Sun Liuhe is engaged in medical service for over 40 years. He is deeply involved in research on intractable and complicated diseases. Especially, in treating facial paralysis, he makes diagnosis and treatment based on overall analysis of symptoms and causes, differentiation of syndrome for etiology. Without confining himself to ancient treatment methods, by applying both acupuncture and Chinese medicine, selecting auxiliary acupoints according to differentiation of meridians related to illness, as well as considering anatomy. Professor Sun holds ancient and modern therapeutic methods, brings forth ideas of using new acupoints to prevent perversion based on pulse tracings, and uses cutting therapy for the cases suffering from facial paralysis for a long time. This method can shorten treatment courses, to a great extent, and achieve good therapeutic effects on intractable facial paralysis, which has revealed distinctness of acupuncture therapy.

Brief analysis on transition factors of valuing acupuncture above moxibustion in Song, Jin and Yuan dynasties / 中国针灸

Study the transition factors of valuing acupuncture above moxibustion in Song, Jin and Yuan dynasties. The transition factors of valuing acupuncture above moxibustion in Song, Jin and Yuan dynasties are the breakthrough in pathogenesis theory and syndrome differentiation theory, the improvement of meridian theory, the flexible prescriptions, the widely practices of Chinese medicine in clinical settings, changes of diseases spectrum, the prevalence of heat diseases, the increase in trauma and fracture, and the limitations and disadvantages of moxibustion.

Multilocus sequence typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains in 2000 and 2005, and get a primary knowledge of MLST Characterization of MRSA.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sequence analysis was conducted on seven allelic genes of 29 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains and 2 methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) strains and the allelic profiles were gained from internet database.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All 12 MRSA strains in 2000 were sequence type (ST) 239 and 10 MRSA strains in 2005 were ST239, while 7 MRSA strains in 2005 were new types, ST5 (41.18%, 7/17). ST6 and ST630 were allelic profiles of 2 MSSA strains. ST239 was the most prevalent allelic profile (75.86%, 22/29), while ST5 was the second prevalent allelic profile (24.14%, 7/29) among all isolates.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ST239 and ST5 are the most prevalent MRSA clones in this research. MRSA strains have different allelic profile from MSSA strains. MLST might provide an unambiguous method for assigning MRSA and MSSA isolates to known clones or assigning them as novel clones via the internet. Further studies need to be taken by increasing strains.</p>