Genotype Associated with Visual Prognosis in Patients with Congenital Ectopia Lentis following Lens Surgery: a Prospective Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between visual prognosis and genotype in patients undergoing lens surgery for congenital ectopia lentis (EL). DESIGN: Prospective clinical cohort study. METHODS: Patients with congenital EL who underwent lens removal and intraocular lens implantation received panel-based next-generation sequencing. Patients were grouped into children and adolescents/adults based on the age at surgery. The visual prognosis, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and amblyopia, was stratified into short-term and medium to long-term. RESULTS: This study included 329 probands with congenital EL, with a median age at lens surgery of 7.00 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 5.00, 12.50 years). Children with the non-FBN1 mutation exhibited inferior medium to long-term postoperative BCVA [0.26 (IQR: 0.14, 0.33) vs. 0.15 (IQR: 0.10, 0.22), P = 0.034] and a higher prevalence of amblyopia (44.4% vs. 16.8%, P = 0.012) compared to those with FBN1 mutation. Multivariable analysis showed that genotype (FBN1 vs. non-FBN1 mutation) was significantly associated with medium to long-term postoperative BCVA (b = -0.128, 95% CI -0.214 to -0.042, P = 0.004) and amblyopia (OR = 0.20, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.78, P = 0.020) in children. Further classification of FBN1 genotype did not yield significant correlations with visual prognosis. However, no significant correlation was observed between genotype and short-term visual prognosis in the children. Children with less severe EL (OR = 0.13, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.85, P = 0.033) had lower risks of amblyopia in the short-term follow-up. For adolescent and adult patients with congenital EL, those with poor preoperative BCVA and long axial length should be informed of suboptimal visual prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Genotype significantly influences the medium to long-term visual prognosis in children with congenital EL. Genotype, along with pre-operative BCVA, may assist in establishing reasonable expectations for patients regarding their visual outcomes after the lens surgery.

4D label-free proteomic analysis of vitreous from patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

AIM: To identify metabolites, proteins, and related pathways involved in the etiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) for use as biomarkers in diagnosing and treating RRD. METHODS: Vitreous specimens were collected and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis was performed using the four-dimensional label-free technique. Statistically significant differentially expressed proteins, gene ontology (GO) terms, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway representations, and protein interactions were analyzed. RESULTS: Nine specimens were subjected to proteomic analysis. In total, 161 proteins were identified as differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including 53 upregulated proteins and 108 downregulated proteins. GO functional analysis revealed that some DEPs were enriched in neuron-related terms and membrane protein terms. Moreover, KEGG analysis indicated that the cell adhesion molecule metabolic pathway was associated with the greatest number of DEPs. Finally, the evaluation of protein-protein interaction network revealed that DEPs were clustered in neuronal adhesion, apoptosis, inflammation and immune responses, correct protein folding, and glycolysis. CONCLUSION: Proteomic profiling is useful for the exploration of molecular mechanisms that underlie RRD. This study reveals increased expression levels of proteins related to heat shock protein content, glycolysis, and inflammatory responses in RRD. Knowledge regarding biomarkers of RRD pathogenesis may help to prevent the occurrence of RRD in the future.

Corrigendum to "Polydopamine/poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) Co-deposition coatings triggered by CuSO4/H2O2 on implants for improved surface hemocompatibility and antibacterial activity" [ Bioactive materials 6 (2021) 2546-2556].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.025.].

Drug-free contact lens based on quaternized chitosan and tannic acid for bacterial keratitis therapy and corneal repair.

Bacterial keratitis (BK) and related inflammatory diseases causes irreversible damage to the corneal tissue. In this study, a novel polyacrylamide semi-interpenetrating network hydrogel including quaternized chitosan and tannic acid (PAM-QCS-TA) were used to construct a novel antibacterial and antioxidant contact lens. The obtained hydrogels showed high water content (>85%), swelling resistance, light transmittance (>90%) and adjustable mechanical property. Both quantitative and qualitative antibacterial experiments against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (E. coli) indicated excellent sterilization function especially against E. coli (almost 100%). Due to the presence of tannin acid, it showed obvious antioxidant properties, which relieved oxidative stress and protect cells from reactive oxygen species-induced cytotoxicity. Animal experiments also indicated the shortened treatment time of BK (only 3 days) as well as the protection of eye tissue structure. Therefore, such drug-free antibacterial and antioxidant contact lens avoiding the development of drug resistance is a potential candidate in ocular infectious and inflammatory diseases treatment.

Clinical Accuracy of 6 Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Formulas in Elongated Eyes, According to Anterior Chamber Depth.

PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of anterior chamber depth (ACD) on the accuracy of the Kane, EVO 2.0, Barrett Universal II (BU II), Olsen, SRK/T, and Haigis formulas in patients with elongated eyes. DESIGN: Retrospective case series study. METHODS: A total of 106 patients (106 eyes) diagnosed with high myopia (axial length ≥26 mm) were enrolled and divided into 3 subgroups according to preoperative ACD. Mean refractive error (ME), mean absolute refractive error (MAE), median absolute refractive error (MedAE), and proportions of eyes within ±0.25 D, ±0.50 D, ±0.75 D, and ±1.00 D were calculated. RESULTS: In all patients, the MedAE was lowest for the Kane formula (0.28 D), followed by the BU II (0.34 D). In the shallow ACD subgroup, EVO 2.0 formula produced the lowest MedAE (0.22 D), and the highest proportion of eyes within ±0.25 D (58%); the BU II (0.23 D, 50%) and Kane (0.25 D, 50%) formulas produced similar proportions. In the deep ACD group, the MedAEs of the Haigis and SRK/T formulas (0.68 D and 0.50 D, respectively) were significantly higher than those of the EVO 2.0 (0.37 D), Kane (0.30 D), BU II (0.43 D), and Olsen (0.34 D) formulas (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the Kane and EVO 2.0 formulas had the highest accuracy. EVO 2.0 and BU II formulas are recommended for patients with shallow ACD; the Kane formula is recommended for patients with deep ACD (especially patients with extremely elongated eyes). The SRK/T and Haigis formulas should be avoided as much as possible.

Polydopamine/poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) Co-deposition coatings triggered by CuSO4/H2O2 on implants for improved surface hemocompatibility and antibacterial activity.

Implanted biomaterials such as medical catheters are prone to be adhered by proteins, platelets and bacteria due to their surface hydrophobicity characteristics, and then induce related infections and thrombosis. Hence, the development of a versatile strategy to endow surfaces with antibacterial and antifouling functions is particularly significant for blood-contacting materials. In this work, CuSO4/H2O2 was used to trigger polydopamine (PDA) and poly-(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) co-deposition process to endow polyurethane (PU) antibacterial and antifouling surface (PU/PDA(Cu)/PSBMA). The zwitterions contained in the PU/PDA(Cu)/PSBMA coating can significantly improve surface wettability to reduce protein adsorption, thereby improving its blood compatibility. In addition, the copper ions released from the metal-phenolic networks (MPNs) imparted them more than 90% antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Notably, PU/PDA(Cu)/PSBMA also exhibits excellent performance in vivo mouse catheter-related infections models. Thus, the PU/PDA(Cu)/PSBMA has great application potential for developing multifunctional surface coatings for blood-contacting materials so as to improve antibacterial and anticoagulant properties.