SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS IN AN INSURANCE COMPANY IN VALLE DEL CAUCA 2020 / FACTORES SOCIODEMOGRÁFICOS Y CLÍNICOS ASOCIADOS A LA TUBERCULOSIS RESISTENTE EN UNA ASEGURADORA DEL VALLE DEL CAUCA 2020

Introduction: In the present investigation, the term resistant tuberculosis was used to refer to all types of resistance to this disease, covering the sociodemographic and clinical factors that are usually related to it.  Objective: To determine the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with resistant tuberculosis in an insurance company in Valle del Cauca 2020. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional observational epidemiological study with analytical intent, since it aims to determine the sociodemographic and clinical factors that best explain resistant tuberculosis. The study area is event 813 SIVIGILA, which is tuberculosis, specifically cases reported in affiliates of an insurance company in Valle del Cauca during 2020. Results: according to the differential focus populations, it was more prevalent in the prison population, which corresponds to persons on parole or home detention; the municipalities with the highest number of notified and confirmed cases of tuberculosis were Santiago de Cali, Buenaventura, Palmira, Buga and Tuluá. Conclusions: Most of the notified and confirmed tuberculosis cases in 2020, were male, urban area residents, affiliated to the subsidized regime, low socioeconomic strata (1 and 2), Afro-Colombian ethnicity, the prevalence of resistant tuberculosis was 6.9% equivalent to 32 confirmed cases.

Introducción: En la presente investigación se utilizó el término tuberculosis resistente para referirse a todos los tipos de resistencia que se presenten frente a esta enfermedad, abarcando los factores sociodemográficos y clínicos que suelen tener relación con la misma.   Objetivo: Determinar los factores sociodemográficos y clínicos asociados a la tuberculosis resistente en una aseguradora en el Valle del Cauca 2020. Metodología: Es un estudio epidemiológico observacional transversal con intención analítica, puesto que pretende determinar los factores sociodemográficos y clínicos que mejor expliquen la tuberculosis resistente. El área de estudio es el evento 813 SIVIGILA, que es la tuberculosis, específicamente casos notificados en afiliados a una aseguradora en el Valle del Cauca durante lo corrido de 2020. Resultados: de acuerdo a las poblaciones de enfoque diferencial fue más prevalente en la población carcelaria, que corresponde a personas en libertad condicional o prisión domiciliaria, los municipios con mayor número de casos notificados y confirmados con tuberculosis fueron Santiago de Cali, Buenaventura, Palmira, Buga y Tuluá. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los casos notificados y confirmados tuberculosis en el 2020, fueron de sexo masculino, residentes en el área urbana, afiliados al régimen subsidiado, de estratos socioeconómicos bajos (1 y 2), de etnia afrocolombiana, la prevalencia de tuberculosis resistente fue de 6,9% equivalente a 32 casos confirmados.

Subacute Acromioclavicular Dislocation After Basal Coracoid Process Fracture: Indirect Reduction without Open Reduction and Internal Fixation: A Case Report.

CASE: A 55-year-old man presented with an isolated undisplaced basal coracoid process (CP) fracture after direct trauma over his right shoulder. One week later, he presented with pain and anatomical deformity over the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ). Shoulder x-rays and computerized tomography revealed a complete acromioclavicular (AC) dislocation and displaced CP fracture. Anatomical AC reduction and ipsilateral coracoid fracture reduction were obtained using fixation with a hook plate. At 12-month follow-up, the patient regained functionality and showed complete CP consolidation and anatomic alignment of the ACJ. CONCLUSION: Our alternative treatment of coracoid fracture associated with secondary subacute AC dislocation showed satisfactory functional results.

Predicción de muertes por lesiones de tráfico en Ibagué Colombia con caminata al azar probabilista / Prediction of deaths from road traffic injuries in Ibague Colombia with probabilistic random walk

Resumen Introducción: El análisis del comportamiento de la dinámica de epidemia como son el dengue y malaria en Colombia ha llevado al diseño de nueva metodología de carácter predictivo, las cuales establecen órdenes matemáticos subyacentes ante una aparente impredecibilidad de estos comportamientos. Objetivo: Confirmar la aplicabilidad de la metodología desarrollada para predecir la dinámica de la tasa de muertes por lesiones de tránsito en Ibagué Colombia para el año 2010, a partir de la caminata al azar probabilista. Metodología: Se realizó un análisis físico y matemático del de la dinámica de la tasa muertes por lesiones de tránsito en Ibagué, a partir del establecimiento de un espacio total de probabilidades con el cual se puede establecer el evento más probable en relación a los aumentos y disminuciones consecutivas anuales. Finalmente, el análisis geométrico y probabilista de esta dinámica permitió predecir la tasa del número de muertes por lesiones de tránsito para el año 2010 en Ibagué. Resultados: Para el año 2010 el DANE reporto que el número de muertes por lesiones causadas por el tránsito representa una tasa de 20,9 por cada 100.000 habitantes, el valor predicho fue de 23,2, presentado un porcentaje de acierto con la aplicación de la metodología del 90,2 %. Conclusiones: Se estableció un orden acausal probabilista para el comportamiento de la dinámica de muertes por lesiones causadas por el tránsito en Ibagué, con lo cual fue posible confirmar la aplicabilidad de la metodología y predecir el número de estas muertes para el año 2010.

Abstract Introduction: Behavioral analysis of the dynamics of epidemics such as dengue and malaria in Colombia has led to the design of new methodology of predictive character, which provides underlying mathematical commands to an apparent unpredictability of these behaviors. Objective: To confirm applicability of the methodology developed to predict the dynamics of death rate from road traffic injuries in Ibague Colombia for 2010, from the probabilistic random walk. Methodology: A physicist and mathematician of the dynamics of the death rate from road traffic injuries in Ibague, from the establishment of a complete probability space with which to establish the most probable event related to increases and consecutive declines analysis was performed annually. Finally, the geometric and probabilistic analysis of this dynamic allowed predicting the rate of deaths from road traffic injuries in 2010 in Ibague. Results: For 2010, the DANE reported that the number of deaths from road traffic injuries represents a rate of 20.9 per 100,000 inhabitants, the predicted value was 23.2, showing a success rate with implementing the methodology of 90,2 %. Conclusions: A probabilistic acausal order for the dynamic behavior of deaths from road traffic injuries in Ibague, which was possible to confirm the applicability of the methodology and predict the number of such deaths for 2010 was established.

Anisocoria por manipulación de brugmansia arbórea / No disponible

No disponible

The Melithaeidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) of the Ryukyu Archipelago: molecular and morphological examinations.

The family Melithaeidae (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) is distributed in the West Pacific, Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. They are most abundant in warmer waters but can also be found in temperate waters. At present six genera are assigned to this family (Melithaea, Mopsella, Clathraria, Acabaria, Wrightella and Asperaxis), however overlapping characteristics make this group's taxonomic identification difficult and their relationships unclear. There are only a few reports from the Ryukyu Archipelago in southern Japan of melithaeids and most other octocorals, despite the islands being an area of high octocoral diversity. To help resolve the taxonomic confusion in this family, samples from various Ryukyu Archipelago locations were collected and DNA sequences of nuclear 28S ribosomal DNA and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) were obtained. Additionally, SEM micrographs of the sclerites of specimens were taken to further confirm the molecular results. Three strongly supported clades were recovered from the COI and 28S rDNA analyses, corresponding to Melithaea, Acabaria, and Mopsella, and in most cases clades were clearly related with the sclerite shape reported for each genus. These results show clearly that molecular differences are present between the three genera, and also demonstrates the strong need of other molecular markers for resolving intra-generic phylogenies. Our results provide baseline data for future studies of this octocoral family, not only on taxonomy, but also with regards to their distribution in the Ryukyu Islands.