Complete mitochondrial genome of the sooty mangabey, Cercocebus atys atys (Mammalia: Primates: Cercopithecidae).

The sooty mangabey (Cercocebus atys atys) is an Old World monkey belonging to family Cercopithecidae. It has recently been widely used as an important animal model for researches related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS. In this study, the mitochondrial genome sequence of this species is determined and described for the first time. It is 16,536 bp in length and consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 1 putative control region (CR). The genome organization, nucleotide composition and codon usage are similar to those reported from other monkey mitochondrial genomes. The descending order of the base composition on heavy strand is 32.5% A, 29.5% C, 25.8% T, and 12.2% G, with a relatively lower level of G and a slightly A+T bias of 58.3%. All genes are distributed on the H-strand except for the ND6 subunit gene and seven tRNA genes, which are encoded on the L-strand. This mitochondrial genome data are potentially important for the study of molecular evolution, conservation genetics and disease infection in C. a. atys.

The complete mitochondrial genome of western Mediterranean mouse, Mus spretus (Rodentia: Muridae).

The western Mediterranean mouse (Mus spretus) is a wide-spread and well-studied small mammal species in Europe. In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of this species for the first time. Data analysis shows that this mitogenome is entirely 16,286 bp in length and has a conservative genomic organization and gene order as most other mice. The overall nucleotide base composition is 34.1% of A, 28.6% of T, 24.6% C, and 12.7% G, with a strong A + T bias of 62.7%. All the genes are encoded on H-strand, except for the ND6 subunit gene and 8 tRNA genes, which are distributed on the L-strand. Totally 13 protein-coding genes initiate with ATN/GTG start codon and terminate with the typical stop codon (TAA/TAG) or a single T (T- -). Most of the transfer RNA genes could fold into the typical clover-leaf structure except for tRNA(Leu) and tRNA(Ser), whose dihydrouridine (DHU) arm are lost. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence reported here will be useful for population genetic and phylogenetic studies in mice.

A study on software-based sensing technology for multiple object control in AR video.

Researches on Augmented Reality (AR) have recently received attention. With these, the Machine-to-Machine (M2M) market has started to be active and there are numerous efforts to apply this to real life in all sectors of society. To date, the M2M market has applied the existing marker-based AR technology in entertainment, business and other industries. With the existing marker-based AR technology, a designated object can only be loaded on the screen from one marker and a marker has to be added to load on the screen the same object again. This situation creates a problem where the relevant marker'should be extracted and printed in screen so that loading of the multiple objects is enabled. However, since the distance between markers will not be measured in the process of detecting and copying markers, the markers can be overlapped and thus the objects would not be augmented. To solve this problem, a circle having the longest radius needs to be created from a focal point of a marker to be copied, so that no object is copied within the confines of the circle. In this paper, software-based sensing technology for multiple object detection and loading using PPHT has been developed and overlapping marker control according to multiple object control has been studied using the Bresenham and Mean Shift algorithms.

Sink-oriented Dynamic Location Service Protocol for Mobile Sinks with an Energy Efficient Grid-Based Approach.

Sensor nodes transmit the sensed information to the sink through wireless sensor networks (WSNs). They have limited power, computational capacities and memory. Portable wireless devices are increasing in popularity. Mechanisms that allow information to be efficiently obtained through mobile WSNs are of significant interest. However, a mobile sink introduces many challenges to data dissemination in large WSNs. For example, it is important to efficiently identify the locations of mobile sinks and disseminate information from multi-source nodes to the multi-mobile sinks. In particular, a stationary dissemination path may no longer be effective in mobile sink applications, due to sink mobility. In this paper, we propose a Sink-oriented Dynamic Location Service (SDLS) approach to handle sink mobility. In SDLS, we propose an Eight-Direction Anchor (EDA) system that acts as a location service server. EDA prevents intensive energy consumption at the border sensor nodes and thus provides energy balancing to all the sensor nodes. Then we propose a Location-based Shortest Relay (LSR) that efficiently forwards (or relays) data from a source node to a sink with minimal delay path. Our results demonstrate that SDLS not only provides an efficient and scalable location service, but also reduces the average data communication overhead in scenarios with multiple and moving sinks and sources.