Prognostic Factors Associated with Surgical Time of Endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy

PURPOSE: To determine the prognostic factors associated with surgical time of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). METHODS: From April 2009 to June 2014, 66 eyes of 66 patients who underwent endonasal DCR for 5-year periods were retrospectively evaluated with regard to surgical time and several other factors. The factors were patient factors (age, sex), category of diagnosis (inflammation and non-inflammation), and systemic factors (diabetes mellitus [DM], hypertension [HTN], anticoagulant agents, sinusitis history). We divided the study period into three subperiods and compared their surgical time. The anatomical factor of thickness of the maxillary frontal process was evaluated by computed tomography (CT), as was the existence of symptom recurrence after surgery and reoperation according to surgical time. A total of 66 cases (right: 31, left: 35) were included. Any case with concurrent surgery, abnormal structure of the nasal cavity, or bilateral DCR was excluded. RESULTS: Average surgical time was 49.95 minutes. Surgical time of endonasal DCR was short in inflammatory cases (p = 0.047), in the third surgical period (p = 0.001), and was correlated with thickness of the maxillary frontal process (p = 0.001). In addition, surgical time correlated with the existence of symptom recurrence after surgery and reoperation (p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: It is considered that surgeon skill affects surgical time, and the thickness of the maxillary frontal process by CT will aid in the prediction of surgical time and success rate of endonasal DCR.

Comparison of the Recurrence of RRD in PPV Combined Cataract Surgery with PPV Alone, and Risk Factors in PPV Combined Cataract Surgery

PURPOSE: To compare the recurrence percentage and risk factors of recurrence in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) by in two groups of patients according to combined cataract surgery. METHODS: The recurrence percentage of RRD and risk factors after PPV over 20 years, performed by a single surgeon from January 1997 to September 2016, were retrospectively evaluated by classification into two groups according to combined cataract surgery. The risk factors were the patients' factors (age and sex), duration of disease, preoperative visual analyses, posterior capsular tears (PCR) during cataract surgery, the tamponade used, retinal detachment ranges, macular status, number and position of retinal tears, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grade, and vitreous opacity. A total of 158 cases were included in the study. RESULTS: The recurrence percentage of RRD was not associated with combined cataract surgery. In the combined cataract surgery group, PCR (p = 0.020), inferior retinal tears (p = 0.037), and PVR above grade B (p = 0.037) were associated with the recurrence of RRD using univariate logistic regression analyses, but PCR (odds ratio 1.880, p = 0.021) was the only significant risk factor for RRD using multivariate logistic regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Cataract surgery can be performed at any time, but there should be consideration of the recurrence of RRD if there was PCR during combined cataract surgery.

A Case of Iniencephaly Diagnosed by Prenatal Ultrasonography / 대한산부인과학회지

Iniencephaly is an abnormality in cervical vertebra associated with an excessive lordosis of the cervicothoracic spine and neural tube closure defects. The incidence is one of 1,000 to 10,000 live birth. The pathogenesis is unknown. It is possible that iniencephaly is a primary defects in fetal cervical development and the resulting lordosis cause a failure of neural tube closure. Specific sonographic findings are over extended fetal head, very short and modified thorax, generally shortened fetal long bones and frequent associating anencephaly and meningomyelocele. Fetal alpha-fetoprotein elevation may be present. Iniencephaly, when diagnosed in utero, is almost always lethal. We experienced a case of iniencephaly in a fetus of intrauterine pregnancy at 17 weeks diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography who was terminated because of ultrasonic demonstration of other multiple anomalies. Thus, we report a case with brief review of the literature.

A case of Hyperstimulated Corpus luteal cyst torsion in Pregnancy after In vitro Fertilization / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Ovarian torsion is the fifth most common condition in gynecologic surgical emergencies, with an incidence of 2.7% occuring mainly in women of reproductive age. It is an uncommon but well recognized complication of ovarian stimulation, especially when ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome occurs. Patients with ovarian torsion normally present with an acute abdomen, necessitating an exploratory laparotomy, with removal of the organ when necrosis is evident. Ultrasound may suggest the diagnosis of adnexal torsion. If the ovarian tumor is a luteal cyst, it is also standard to administer progesterone after surgical treatment, although how efficient this treatment is in preventing miscarriage is questionable. A documented case of adnexal torsion associated with in vitro fertilization is hyperstimulated enlarged corpus luteal cyst. Emergency left salpingo-oophorectomy was done and have concluded a successful pregnancy after exogenous progesterone support. We report a case of enlarged corpus luteal cyst torsion in early pregnancy with a brief review of literatures.

Prevalence of porcine proliferative enteropathy and its control with tylosin in Korea

Porcine proliferative enteropathy(PPE) is an enteric disease been caused by Lawsonia intracellularis. It has become one of the critical problems in the pig industry. To investigate the prevalence of PPE in Korea, serum samples of 828 pigs from 65 herds were tested using indirect immunofluorescence antibody technique(IFA). The infection rate in individual pigs varied from 44 to 69%, whereas 100% in pig farms. The infection frequency was 57, 44.9, and 59.4% according to age respectively. Administration of tylosin in feed at a concentration of 110 ppm for 14 days reduced the infection rate of the farms. These data indicated that the high prevalence of PPE may be controlled by tylosin.