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1.
Vet Q ; 34(4): 194-200, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25398090

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an infectious, highly contagious virus, and is an etiological agent of acute entero-pathogenic diarrhea in swine. OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of the antibody response of two types of PEDV vaccines is to be carried out. ANIMALS AND METHODS: Sows were vaccinated with either live or killed commercial PEDV SM98 (GenBank: GU937797.1) vaccines. Four different groups of sows with five sows in each group were used in this study: the unvaccinated negative control group, the killed virus vaccination group with killed virus boosting (K/K), the live virus vaccinated group with live virus boosting (L/L), and the combination group vaccinated with live virus and subsequently boosted with killed vaccine (L/K). Sows were vaccinated intramuscularly twice at four and two weeks prior to farrowing with 2ml/head vaccine dose. Antibody titers in sow and piglet serum one week after farrowing and that in colostrum were compared by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and serum neutralization test. RESULTS: Vaccination with K/K vaccine induced the highest level of IgG and IgA in sow serum, colostrum, and especially in piglet serum, with the lowest levels found in the L/L group. The major neutralizing activity was also found in the K/K group, particularly in colostrum, with piglets bearing higher neutralizing activity compared to sow sera. Among recombinant spike S1, S2, S3, and nucleocapsid N protein of PEDV, S3 protein presented the highest antibody level in the K/K group. CONCLUSION: Killed PEDV SM98 vaccine induced higher antibody levels. CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: This study clearly confirms that killed vaccine has induced higher antibody levels and may contribute to the design of future research and vaccine programs.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Infecções por Coronavirus/veterinária , Vírus da Diarreia Epidêmica Suína/imunologia , Doenças dos Suínos/imunologia , Vacinas Virais/imunologia , Animais , Infecções por Coronavirus/imunologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/virologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Feminino , Injeções Intramusculares/veterinária , Testes de Neutralização/veterinária , República da Coreia , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/virologia , Vacinas Atenuadas/imunologia , Vacinas de Produtos Inativados/imunologia , Vacinas Virais/administração & dosagem
2.
Transbound Emerg Dis ; 60(6): 546-51, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22925439

RESUMO

The major policy for eradication of classical swine fever (CSF) in South Korea has focused on the implementation of compulsory vaccination of the susceptible pig population. A vaccine strain of CSF virus, the LOM strain, is used to maintain high herd seroconversion, a practice complementary to the 'stamping-out policy' and restriction of animal movement during disease outbreaks. To survey for the prevalence of CSF in domestic pigs in South Korea over the past 13 years (1999-2011), we tested 4 193 782 and 1 162 645 samples for antibodies and antigens, respectively. Whereas seropositivity for CSF antibodies has been maintained at over 95% in the mainland, in Jeju Island, where no-vaccination has been administered since 1999, seroprevalence has been below 1% during the last 3 years of study (2009-2011). The highest number of outbreaks in South Korea occurred in 2002 and 2003; since then, outbreaks have decreased each year, with the last CSF outbreak recorded in 2009. No outbreaks have occurred during the past 3 years, and a high level of herd immunity has been maintained in the mainland pig population for 8 years; therefore, South Korea could now switch to a no-vaccination policy throughout the country. However, the constant threat of the re-emergence of the disease in the susceptible pig population should be the main consideration in planning and carrying out the last phase of the CSF eradication process.


Assuntos
Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/isolamento & purificação , Peste Suína Clássica/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Sus scrofa/virologia , Animais , Peste Suína Clássica/prevenção & controle , Peste Suína Clássica/virologia , Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/imunologia , Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , Prevalência , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Suínos , Vacinação/veterinária , Vacinas Virais/administração & dosagem
3.
Reprod Domest Anim ; 45(1): 13-8, 2010 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19144021

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of gonadotropins on in vitro maturation (IVM) and electrical stimulation on the parthenogenesis of canine oocytes. In experiment I, cumulus oocyte complexes were collected from ovaries at a random phase of the oestrus cycle and cultured on maturation medium treated with hCG or eCG for 48 or 72 h. There were no significant differences in the effects on the metaphase II (MII) rate between the hCG and eCG treatment groups over 48 h (5.4% vs 5.5%). The MII rate in the co-treatment group of hCG and eCG for 48 h was higher than in each hormone treated group (15.5%, p < 0.05). In experiment 2, the parthenogenetic effect on oocyte development, at various electrical field strengths (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 kV/cm DC) for 60 or 80 mus with a single DC pulse after IVM on the co-treatment of hCG and eCG, was examined. The rate of pronuclear formation (37.1%) in electrical activation at 1.5 kV/60 mus without cytochalasin B (CB) was higher than that of oocytes activated in the other groups (p < 0.05). However, we did not observe the cleavage stages. Also, CB did not influence parthenogenesis of canine oocytes. The results showed that the pronucleus formation rate, indicative of the parthenogenesis start point, could be increased by electrical stimulation. Therefore, these results can provide important data for the parthenogenesis of canine oocytes and suggest the probability of parthenogenesis in canines.


Assuntos
Gonadotropina Coriônica/farmacologia , Cães , Estimulação Elétrica , Oócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Partenogênese/fisiologia , Animais , Núcleo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Núcleo Celular/ultraestrutura , Células Cultivadas , Citocalasina B/farmacologia , Estimulação Elétrica/métodos , Feminino , Gonadotropinas Equinas/farmacologia , Metáfase/efeitos dos fármacos , Oócitos/fisiologia , Oócitos/ultraestrutura
4.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol ; 30(6): 1268-9, 2009 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19213827

RESUMO

The frontal bone window (FBW) is a promising approach in evaluating the anterior cerebral artery. The goal of the present study was to determine the rates of detection of the basal cerebral arteries by using the FBW alone and a combination of the FBW with the temporal bone window (TBW) in 163 patients. The combined application improved detection rates of A1 (58.6% versus 46.0%, P = .001) and A2 (43.6% versus 6.7%, P < .001) compared with the TBW alone.


Assuntos
Artéria Cerebral Anterior/diagnóstico por imagem , Ecoencefalografia/métodos , Ecoencefalografia/estatística & dados numéricos , Aumento da Imagem/métodos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores/métodos , Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Japão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
5.
Reprod Domest Anim ; 44(5): 740-4, 2009 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18992128

RESUMO

In this study, we investigated parthenogenetic induction of canine oocytes by electrical stimulation following Ca-EDTA treatment. Oocyte maturation, parthenogenetic development, and cleavage rate in canine after various electrical stimulations (1.5, 1.8, 2.1 kV/cm) for 50 mus with single DC pulse following 1 mM Ca-EDTA treatment were investigated. In oocyte activated electrically at the voltage of 1.5 kV/cm after 1 mM Ca-EDTA treatment, the rate of pronucleus and two-cell was 4.1% and 2.7%, respectively. Although electrical stimulation could parthenogenetically induce immature oocyte to cleavage stage, degeneration rate in all experimental groups was more than 60%. This means that electrical stimulation after Ca-EDTA treatment could cause canine oocytes to be degenerated. However, two-cell in canine oocyte by parthenogenesis was for the first time induced. Therefore, we suggested that electrical stimulation for canine oocytes could induce parthenogenetically early embryonic cleavage. This result can be used as a basic data for parthenogenesis study in canine. Also, to perform more developed embryonic development, further study to parthenogenesis in canine need to be developed.


Assuntos
Cães , Ácido Edético/farmacologia , Estimulação Elétrica , Oócitos/fisiologia , Partenogênese/fisiologia , Animais , Núcleo Celular/ultraestrutura , Células Cultivadas , Fase de Clivagem do Zigoto/fisiologia , Feminino , Oócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Oócitos/ultraestrutura , Partenogênese/efeitos dos fármacos
6.
Osteoporos Int ; 19(5): 653-61, 2008 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17992467

RESUMO

UNLABELLED: In vivo high-resolution peripheral quantitative micro-CT (HR-pQCT) is a new modality for imaging peripheral sites like the distal tibia and the distal radius, providing structural bone parameters. Comparing HR-pQCT with MRI, we found that both modalities are capable of offering meaningful information on trabecular structure. BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as the leading in vivo method for measuring trabecular bone micro-architecture and providing structural information. Recently, an in vivo HR-pQCT modality was introduced for imaging peripheral sites like the distal tibia and the distal radius, providing structural bone parameters. The goal of this work was to compare and evaluate the performances and in vivo capabilities of HR-pQCT in comparison with MRI at 3 Tesla. METHODS: To this end images of 8 human specimens (5 tibiae and 3 radii) and 11 participants (6 tibia and 5 radii) were acquired with both modalities. Additionally, the radius specimens were scanned with micro-CT (muCT), which was used as a standard of reference. Structural parameters calculated from MRI were compared with results from HR-pQCT images and additionally muCT for the radii specimens. RESULTS: High correlations (r > 0.7) were found for trabecular number and trabecular spacing between the two modalities in vivo and ex vivo. 2D and 3D analysis revealed high correlations (r > 0.8) in structural bone parameters for all measurements. Using micro-CT as standard of reference both results from QCT and MRI correlated well. CONCLUSION: Both imaging modalities were found to perform equally well regarding trabecular bone measurements.


Assuntos
Osso e Ossos/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Osteoporose/patologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Adulto , Densidade Óssea , Osso e Ossos/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/normas , Osteoporose/diagnóstico por imagem , Padrões de Referência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estatística como Assunto , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/normas
7.
Anat Histol Embryol ; 35(2): 111-5, 2006 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16542176

RESUMO

The ataxic pogo mouse (pogo/pogo) is a novel neurological mutant, which was derived as an inbred strain (KJR/MsKist) from a Korean wild mouse. The pathological manifestations include a difficulty in maintaining a normal posture, the failure of inter-limb coordination and an inability to walk straight. In this study, we examined the distribution of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) immunoreactive cerebellar climbing fibres and their projections to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactive Purkinje cells in the cerebellum of the pogo mutant mouse using immunohistochemistry. In the pogo/pogo mouse, a subset of climbing fibres was stained more intensely for CRF than in the control. Moreover, ataxic pogo mouse, neurons of the inferior olivary nucleus projecting climbing fibres were also more intensely stained for CRF than in the control. In the pogo/pogo mouse, TH immunoreactivity was located in the Purkinje cells, whereas no TH expression was found in the control. Double immunostaining for CRF and TH in the pogo/pogo cerebellum revealed that the distribution of TH-immunoreactive Purkinje cells corresponded to terminal fields of CRF-immunoreactive climbing fibres but not to the CRF-immunoreactive mossy fibres. Therefore, we suggest that an increase of CRF level may alter the function of targeted Purkinje cells and that it is related to the ataxic phenotype in the pogo mutant mouse.


Assuntos
Ataxia Cerebelar/genética , Hormônio Liberador da Corticotropina/análise , Fibras Nervosas/química , Células de Purkinje/enzimologia , Tirosina 3-Mono-Oxigenase/análise , Animais , Hormônio Liberador da Corticotropina/imunologia , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Camundongos , Camundongos Mutantes Neurológicos , Núcleo Olivar/química , Tirosina 3-Mono-Oxigenase/imunologia
8.
Arch Virol ; 148(11): 2257-65, 2003 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14579182

RESUMO

Human endogenous retrovirus HC2 is an incomplete provirus containing the entire gag and pol genes and a 3' LTR, whereas the 5' LTR and env gene are missing. We investigated expression of the HC2 pol gene in the squirrel monkey ( Saimiri sciureus) by RT-PCR. The pol gene was expressed in cerebellum, liver, lung, and spleen of the squirrel monkey, but not in six other tissues tested. RT-PCR products were cloned and sequenced resulting in seven sequences that were analyzed. These sequences showed 73.7-89.2% sequence similarity to HC2 pol genes present in the human genome. No frameshifts or termination codons caused by deletion/insertion or point mutation were found in clones SM-HC27-1 and SM-HC27-4 isolated from squirrel monkey lung tissues. Phylogenetic analysis showed that HC2 pol elements from the squirrel monkey were randomly clustered with those in human genome and the genomes of other nonhuman primates, indicating that substantial evolution of the HC2 elements occurred prior to primate speciation with additional evolution of the elements, independent of each other, after speciation.


Assuntos
Retrovirus Endógenos/genética , Genes gag , Genes pol , Saimiri/virologia , Sequências Repetidas Terminais , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Retrovirus Endógenos/classificação , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia
9.
Clin Lab Haematol ; 24(6): 377-84, 2002 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12452819

RESUMO

In order to investigate the possible use of platelet parameters on the ADVIA 120 hematologic analyzer as the routine quality control indicator for preparation and storage of platelets, platelet parameters, pH and CD62P expression were determined in stored platelet concentrates. Platelet component distribution width (PCDW) was decreased progressively on days 1 and 3 of storage for 5 days when compared with 0 day. PCDW correlated with CD62P expression on unstimulated platelets and the difference in CD62P expression following agonistic stimulation (a measure of functional reserve). Mean platelet component (MPC) was decreased on day 1 of storage. It did not however, show a progressive decrease over storage time and did not correlate with CD62P, although MPC has been known to be a useful screening test for platelet activation. Therefore, PCDW is considered to be a simple, convenient and cost-effective quality indicator for determining the viability and storage lesion of platelets for transfusion.


Assuntos
Preservação de Sangue , Testes de Função Plaquetária/instrumentação , Tamanho Celular , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Selectina-P/sangue , Contagem de Plaquetas/instrumentação , Controle de Qualidade
10.
Vox Sang ; 83(3): 209-13, 2002 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12366761

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Antibodies to hepatitis B virus (HBV) that are passively acquired through transfusions may lead to confusion and inappropriate clinical decisions. We evaluated the effects of transfusing fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) on serological tests for HBV antibodies in patients without such antibodies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tests for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), and for antibodies to HBV surface antigen (anti-HBs) and HBV core antigen (anti-HBc), were carried out using enzyme immunoassay on the FFP and sera of 50 patients transfused with FFP containing anti-HBs. RESULTS: After FFP transfusion, the incidences of 'false' positivity for anti-HBs and anti-HBc were 64% (32/50) and 100% (seven of seven), respectively, and of 'false' negativity for HBsAg was 18.8% (three of 16) in previously positive patients. The post-transfusion seropositivity for antibodies results from passive transmission, whereas the inability to detect HBsAg is the result of decreased detectable levels. CONCLUSIONS: Laboratory staff and clinicians alike should be cautious in interpreting the results of the HBV marker tests in patients who have recently been transfused, and in obtaining specimens for such studies.


Assuntos
Transfusão de Sangue , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite/sangue , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/imunologia , Hepatite B/diagnóstico , Erros de Diagnóstico , Doenças Endêmicas , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Hepatite B/complicações , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/sangue , Humanos , Coreia (Geográfico) , Cirrose Hepática/epidemiologia , Cirrose Hepática/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes Sorológicos/normas
11.
Arch Virol ; 147(2): 393-400, 2002.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11890530

RESUMO

A new human endogenous retroviral family (HERV-F) has recently been identified from human chromosome 7q31.1-q31.3 that was identical to the XA34 cDNA clone isolated from a human glioma cDNA library with an ERV-9 env probe. We investigated pol fragments of the HERV-F family from the Old World monkeys (crab-eating monkey, African green monkey, and baboon) and analyzed these with the HERV-F (Hu-XA34). Fifteen pol fragments of the HERV-F family were detected from the Old World monkeys. They showed a high degree of sequence similarity (81-99%) with that of the HERV-F (Hu-XA34). Phylogenetic analysis of pol fragments with those of the human genome distinctively showed five groups, indicating that HERV-F family could be amplified at least five times after the original integration into the monkey genome or represent integration events independently during primate evolution.


Assuntos
Cercopithecinae/virologia , Retrovirus Endógenos/genética , Retrovirus Endógenos/isolamento & purificação , Filogenia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Chlorocebus aethiops/virologia , Produtos do Gene pol/genética , Macaca fascicularis/virologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Papio/virologia , Alinhamento de Sequência , Análise de Sequência de DNA
12.
Anat Histol Embryol ; 31(6): 375-7, 2002 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12693759

RESUMO

This work describes a mapping study of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT) immunoreactive neurones and fibres in the medulla oblongata of the marmoset monkey, Callithrix jacchus. Two groups of PNMT-immunoreactive neurones were found in the marmoset monkey medulla oblongata: a ventrolateral (C1 group) and a dorsomedial PNMT-immunoreactive cells group (C2 group). The PNMT-immunoreactive cells in the ventrolateral group C1 were found to be located around the lateral reticular nucleus. The PNMT-immunoreactive somata within the ventrolateral medulla are round to oval, and mostly multipolar with branched processes. In the dorsomedial group C2, PNMT-immunoreactive cell bodies appeared near the obex. The majority of the dorsomedial PNMT-immunoreactive neurones were observed in the nucleus tractus solitarius; although some were present in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus. The PNMT-immunoreactive somata in the dorsomedial medulla were small and round or ovoid. These results provide information upon the adrenergic system in the medulla oblongata of a species that presents a useful model of a small primate brain, the marmoset monkey.


Assuntos
Callithrix/anatomia & histologia , Bulbo/anatomia & histologia , Feniletanolamina N-Metiltransferase/imunologia , Fibras Adrenérgicas/enzimologia , Animais , Masculino , Bulbo/enzimologia
13.
Atherosclerosis ; 159(1): 17-26, 2001 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11689202

RESUMO

Hematein is a compound isolated from Caesalpinia sappan that has been used in oriental medicine as both an analgesic and an anti-inflammatory agent. In this study, we examined the anti-atherogenic potential of hematein using cholesterol-fed New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. NZW rabbits were divided into a hematein-supplemented (0.05% in diet) group (n=6), a probucol-supplemented (0.25% in diet) group (n=6), and a control group (n=6). After 8 weeks of treatments, the extent of the atherosclerotic lesions was significantly reduced in the hematein-supplemented group and the probucol-supplemented group without changing plasma lipoprotein levels. Hematein and probucol prevented the up-regulation of the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression on the descending aorta induced by cholesterol diet. In culture, hematein also significantly inhibited the secretion of soluble VCAM-1 and of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) respectively induced by tumor necrotic factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and mildly oxidized low density lipoprotein in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) culture. Also, hematein inhibited monocyte adhesion to endothelial cell and the activation of NF-kappaB in HUVECs stimulated with TNF-alpha. The results of the present study suggest that the anti-atherogenic effect of hematein is not related to control of the plasma lipid profile but probably related to the inhibition of VCAM-1 and MCP-1 expression resulting in an amelioration of lesion development in the rabbit.


Assuntos
Aorta Torácica/metabolismo , Arteriosclerose/metabolismo , Caesalpinia , Quimiocina CCL2/biossíntese , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Hematoxilina/análogos & derivados , Hematoxilina/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Molécula 1 de Adesão de Célula Vascular/biossíntese , Animais , Anticolesterolemiantes/farmacologia , Aorta Torácica/patologia , Arteriosclerose/patologia , Northern Blotting , Adesão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular , Células Cultivadas , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/administração & dosagem , Ensaio de Desvio de Mobilidade Eletroforética , Endotélio Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Endotélio Vascular/patologia , Hematoxilina/administração & dosagem , Lipídeos/sangue , Lipoproteínas LDL/sangue , Masculino , Monócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Monócitos/patologia , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Oxirredução , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Probucol/farmacologia , Coelhos , Ativação Transcricional/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/farmacologia
14.
J Vet Med Sci ; 63(6): 659-62, 2001 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11459012

RESUMO

In an attempt to produce a DNA vaccine to prevent Aujeszky's disease, the induction of immune responses against Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) gD was investigated in mice. The plasmid was constructed by placing ADV gD gene downstream of murine cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter of expression vector pMYK, which was injected twice on the skin of mice by using a gene-gun. All mice showed neutralizing antibodies against ADV gD at 4 weeks after immunization. The induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and splenic natural killer cells was also observed at 6 weeks post immunization. These results indicate that ADV gD gene in the form of DNA vaccine may induce specific as well as non-specific immune responses in vivo.


Assuntos
Glicoproteínas/imunologia , Herpesvirus Suídeo 1/imunologia , Pseudorraiva/imunologia , Vacinas de DNA/imunologia , Vacinas Virais/imunologia , Animais , Feminino , Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Células Matadoras Naturais/virologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Testes de Neutralização , Plasmídeos/química , Plasmídeos/imunologia , Pseudorraiva/prevenção & controle , Pseudorraiva/virologia , Linfócitos T Citotóxicos/imunologia , Linfócitos T Citotóxicos/virologia
15.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 284(3): 681-8, 2001 Jun 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11396955

RESUMO

The anti-atherogenic effects of the citrus flavonoids, naringin and naringenin, were evaluated in high cholesterol-fed rabbits. At 3 months of age, 30 male New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits were divided into three groups (n = 10 per group). The rabbits were fed a 1% cholesterol diet alone (control group) or a diet supplemented with either 0.1% naringin or 0.05% naringenin for 8 weeks. The plasma lipoprotein levels, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein showed no significant differences in the control and experimental groups. Hepatic acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity was slightly low in naringin (5.0%)- and naringenin (15.0%)-fed rabbits, compared to control group. The aortic fatty streak areas were significantly lower in both the naringin (19.2 +/- 5.6%)- and naringenin (18.1 +/- 6.5%)-supplemented groups than in the control group (60.4 +/- 14.0%). The expression levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), by semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis of the thoracic aorta, were significantly lower in the flavonoids supplemented groups than in the control group. These results suggest that the anti-atherogenic effect of the citrus flavonoids, naringin and naringenin, is involved with a decreased hepatic ACAT activity and with the downregulation of VCAM-1 and MCP-1 gene expression.


Assuntos
Aorta/metabolismo , Arteriosclerose/tratamento farmacológico , Flavanonas , Flavonoides/uso terapêutico , Fígado/enzimologia , Actinas/análise , Actinas/imunologia , Animais , Aorta/efeitos dos fármacos , Aorta/patologia , Arteriosclerose/metabolismo , Arteriosclerose/patologia , Quimiocina CCL2/biossíntese , Quimiocina CCL2/genética , Colesterol/administração & dosagem , Dieta Aterogênica , Imuno-Histoquímica , Lipídeos/sangue , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/citologia , Masculino , Coelhos , Esterol O-Aciltransferase/metabolismo , Molécula 1 de Adesão de Célula Vascular/biossíntese , Molécula 1 de Adesão de Célula Vascular/genética
16.
J Vet Med Sci ; 63(4): 421-5, 2001 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11346177

RESUMO

The main complications of clonorchiasis are periportal inflammation, biliary hyperplasia, periductal fibrosis, and subsequently the development of biliary tumors in the liver. This study was undertaken to compare the infectivity and histopathologic changes between in immunocompetent FVB/NJ and BALB/cA strains, and immunodeficient severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) and athymic nude mice after the metacercariae of Clonorchis (C.) sinensis were infected. The experiment showed that C. sinensis was very infective in all strains studies, but the status of worm development, infectivity, recovery rate, and morphological changes of livers were very different in each strain. FVB/NJ mice showed more worm recovery than any other strain. Histopathologically the liver of FVB/NJ mice at 4 weeks postinfection showed marked cystic and fibrotic changes, in which C. sinensis was fully developed with ovum production, severe infiltration of inflammatory cells, mostly eosinophils, and high degrees of biliary hyperplasia. In SCID and nude mice, there were few foci of inflammatory cells even at 8 weeks postinfection in periportal areas of the liver, associated with no development into adult worm with ovum production. Fibrosis occurring at 4 weeks postinfection was highly correlated with inflammatory infiltration when each strain was compared. We suggest that massive infiltration of eosinophil and plasma cells caused by the infection might initiate cystic formation and fibrosis. These data demonstrate that the infection of C. sinensis might be related to pathologic consequences of inflammatory cell infiltration, cystic formation and fibrosis which might play a role in the defense mechanism against the parasitism in the liver of each strain. The FVB/NJ mouse model might be very helpful in elucidating the mechanism for human clonorchiasis.


Assuntos
Clonorquíase/patologia , Clonorchis sinensis/patogenicidade , Fígado/parasitologia , Animais , Clonorquíase/imunologia , Clonorquíase/parasitologia , Clonorchis sinensis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Cyprinidae/parasitologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Eosinofilia/parasitologia , Eosinofilia/patologia , Fibrose/parasitologia , Fibrose/patologia , Histocitoquímica , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Fígado/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Camundongos SCID , Organismos Livres de Patógenos Específicos
17.
J Virol ; 75(11): 5049-58, 2001 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11333885

RESUMO

Two types of endogenous ecotropic murine leukemia viruses (MuLVs), termed AKV- and Cas-E-type MuLVs, differ in nucleotide sequence and distribution in wild mouse subspecies. In contrast to AKV-type MuLV, Cas-E-type MuLV is not carried by common laboratory mice. Wild mice of Mus musculus (M. m.) castaneus carry multiple copies of Cas-E-type endogenous MuLV, including the Fv-4(r) gene that is a truncated form of integrated MuLV and functions as a host's resistance gene against ecotropic MuLV infection. Our genetic cross experiments showed that only the Fv-4(r) gene was associated with resistance to ecotropic F-MuLV infection. Because the spontaneous expression of infectious virus was not detected in M. m. castaneus, we generated mice that did not carry the Fv-4(r) gene but did carry a single or a few endogenous MuLV loci. In mice not carrying the Fv-4(r) gene, infectious MuLVs were isolated in association with three of six Cas-E-type endogenous MuLV loci. The isolated viruses showed a weak syncytium-forming activity for XC cells, an interfering property of ecotropic MuLV, and a slight antigenic variation. Two genomic DNAs containing endogenous Cas-E-type MuLV were cloned and partially sequenced. All of the Cas-E-type endogenous MuLVs were closely related, hybrid-type viruses with an ecotropic env gene and a xenotropic long terminal repeat. Duplications and a deletion were found in a restricted region of the hypervariable proline-rich region of Env glycoprotein.


Assuntos
Genoma Viral , Vírus da Leucemia Murina/genética , Camundongos/virologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Clonagem Molecular , Vírus da Leucemia Murina/química , Vírus da Leucemia Murina/classificação , Proteínas de Membrana/deficiência , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Camundongos/genética , Camundongos Transgênicos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Alinhamento de Sequência
19.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses ; 17(4): 367-70, 2001 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11242523

RESUMO

A new human endogenous retroviral family (HERV-F) has been identified from human chromosome 7q31.1-q31.3 that was identical to the XA34 cDNA clone isolated from a human glioma cDNA library with an ERV-9 env probe. We investigated pol gene sequences of the HERV-F family from a human monochromosomal DNA panel and analyzed these with HERV-F. The pol gene sequences of the HERV-F family were detected on chromosomes 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14, 19, 20, X, and Y as examined by PCR. Thirty-six pol gene sequences identified from the human chromosomes have a high degree of sequence similarity (80-99%) with that of the HERV-F. Phylogenetic analysis of pol gene sequences distinctively showed four groups, indicating that the HERV-F family could be amplified at least four times after the original integration into the human genome or represent integration events separately during hominid evolution. One clone (HFY-3) on chromosome Y shared 100% sequence identity with a clone (HF19-2) on chromosome 19, and a clone (HF20-6) on chromosome 20 suggests either a recent retrotransposition or a chromosomal translocation. The history of endogenous retroviral sequences may contribute to an understanding of evolutionary change in human genomes.


Assuntos
Retrovirus Endógenos/genética , Retrovirus Endógenos/isolamento & purificação , Filogenia , Cromossomos Humanos/genética , Retrovirus Endógenos/classificação , Genes pol/genética , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Análise de Sequência de DNA
20.
Int J Cancer ; 91(1): 32-40, 2001 Jan 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11149417

RESUMO

The effect of nodularin on selective atrophy of left lobes in the liver was investigated in F344 rats. Nodularin was injected for 10 weeks from the third week of initiation with saline or N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN), grouped as S/N and D/N, respectively. Nodularin significantly decreased weights of left (LL) and caudate (CL) lobes but increased right (RL) and middle (ML) lobes in S/N rats. Activity of protein phosphatases [types 1 (PPI) and 2A (PP2A)] was more severely reduced in S/N than D/N rats; moreover, in LL compared with RL of S/N rats, activity was significantly inhibited by nodularin treatment from week 4, which corresponded to 2 weeks after nodularin injection. However, nodularin significantly induced peroxisomal palmitoyl-CoA oxidase and cytochrome P-450 4A1 expression in S/N compared with D/N rats. An effect of nodularin on apoptosis was evident since expression of Bcl-Xs was clearly induced in LL of S/N rats as opposed to various inductions of Bcl-XL. However, Bcl-XL in RL was persistently induced, with undetectable Bcl-Xs expression. These results demonstrate biochemical evidence of selective atrophy of LL by inhibition of PP1 and PP2A activity, increase of peroxisomal enzymes and induction of Bcl-Xs expression, in contrast to proliferation of RL in rats treated with nodularin alone. However, nodularin endowed DEN-altered hepatocytes with regenerating power and concomitant restoration of phosphatase activity as well as persistent expression of Bcl-XL in D/N rats.


Assuntos
Fígado/patologia , Peptídeos Cíclicos , Peroxissomos/metabolismo , Fosfoproteínas Fosfatases/metabolismo , Alquilantes , Animais , Apoptose , Atrofia/induzido quimicamente , Western Blotting , Carcinógenos , Dietilnitrosamina , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Masculino , Tamanho do Órgão/efeitos dos fármacos , Oxirredutases/metabolismo , Proteína Fosfatase 1 , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos F344 , Fatores de Tempo , Proteína bcl-X
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