Prolactin regulatory element-binding protein is involved in suppression of the adiponectin gene in vivo.

PURPOSE: Prolactin regulatory element-binding protein (PREB), a member of the WD-repeat protein family, has been recognized as a transcriptional factor that regulates prolactin promoter activity in the anterior pituitary of rats. PREB is expressed not only in the pituitary but also in various other tissues, including the adipose tissue. Previous studies have shown that PREB acts as a transcriptional regulator and suppresses the expression of the adiponectin gene in cultured 3T3L1 preadipocytes. The aim of this study was to further examine the potential role of PREB in adipose tissue in vivo. METHODS: Transgenic mice that overexpressing PREB (PREB transgenic mice) were generated. Insulin resistance was evaluated in PREB transgenic mice using glucose and insulin tolerance tests. Adiponectin expression in the adipose tissue was examined by western blot analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The expression levels of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (Scd) and adiponectin receptor 2(ADIPOR2) were quantified by qPCR. RESULTS: Glucose and insulin tolerance tests revealed insulin resistance in PREB transgenic mice. Serum adiponectin and leptin concentrations were decreased. Adiponectin gene expression was decreased in the adipose tissue, which was confirmed by the downregulation of the adiponectin-dependent hepatic Scd gene and upregulation of the ADIPOR2 gene in the liver of PREB transgenic mice. We also found that pioglitazone, an agonist for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-r, improved the insulin resistance in the PREB transgenic mice after a 10-day feeding period. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that PREB might contribute to the regulation of adiponectin gene expression in vivo.

Stereocontrol in rare earth metal triflate-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of 2-benzopyrylium-4-olate with aldehydes

Exo-cycloadduct was obtained with high stereoselectivity by the addition of ytterbium triflate (Yb(OTf)(3)) (10 mol %) in the rhodium(II) acetate (Rh(2)(OAc)(4))-catalyzed decomposition of o-(methoxycarbonyl)-alpha-diazoacetophenone in the presence of benzaldehyde. In the reaction in the absence of Yb(OTf)(3), almost no selectivity was obtained. Stereoselectivity in the reactions with p-nitrobenzaldehyde, p-anisaldehyde, and benzyloxyacetaldehyde could be also controlled to high exo preference by the addition of Yb(OTf)(3).

Cronkhite-Canada syndrome associated with sigmoid cancer case report and review of 54 cases with the syndrome.

The case of a 78-year-old man with the characteristic clinical and pathologico-anatomic pictures of the Cronkhite-Canada syndrome associated with sigmoid cancer is reported. He died ten months after the onset of his disease. Autopsy findings of the patient are described in detail. The other fifty three cases of the syndrome are reviewed, and clinical and pathologico-anatomic features of the Cronkhite-Canada syndrome are discussed.