Prevalencia de realización y prescripción de ejercicio físico en pacientes diagnosticados de ansiedad y depresión / Prevalence of performing and prescribing physical exercise in patients diagnosed with anxiety and depression

OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia de la práctica y la prescripción de ejercicio físico en pacientes diagnosticados de ansiedad y/o depresión. DISEÑO: Descriptivo observacional transversal. Emplazamiento: Centros de Salud de Sabugo y Magdalena de Avilés. PARTICIPANTES: Pacientes de 18-75 años diagnosticados de ansiedad y/o depresión consumidores de psicofármacos en los 3 meses previos a la realización del estudio. Se seleccionan 376 pacientes mediante muestreo aleatorizado simple estratificado por centro de salud, realizándoseles una encuesta telefónica. MEDICIONES PRINCIPALES: Edad, sexo, realización de ejercicio físico, tipo y duración del mismo, diagnóstico de ansiedad y/o depresión, prescripción de ejercicio físico, personal sanitario prescriptor y consumo de psicofármacos. RESULTADOS: Participaron 294 (78,19% de los seleccionados) con una edad media de 55,33 años (55,32 ± 12,53 DE) y el 78,2% eran mujeres. El 60,9% estaban diagnosticados de ansiedad, el 59,5% de depresión y el 20,4% de ambas. El 62,9% consumían antidepresivos, el 76,9% benzodiazepinas y el 39,79% ambos tratamientos. El 58,8% (IC 95%: 52,70-64,31) realizaban ejercicio físico de los cuales el 44,77% lo hacía entre 3-5 veces/semana. La duración media fue de 1,24 h cada vez (IC 95%: 0,53-1,96). Al 59,18% (IC 95%: 53,39-64,97) se le prescribió la realización de ejercicio físico (90,23% médico y 63,22% enfermera de atención primaria, 17,24% psiquiatra y 5,17% psicólogo). La adherencia a la prescripción fue del 59,77% (IC 95%: 52,20-67,34). CONCLUSIONES: El porcentaje de pacientes ansiosos y/o deprimidos que realizan ejercicio físico es similar al de la población general aunque debería ser mayor. La prescripción de ejercicio físico por parte del personal sanitario es insuficiente

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a questionnaire on the integral assessment of the habits and knowledge in personal hygiene in children between 7 to 12 years old in the educational, social and health environment. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study for the validation of a questionnaire. LOCATION: One primary and secondary school and one children's home in the Region of Murcia, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 86 children were included (80 from a primary and secondary school; 6 from a children's home), as well as 7 experts. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Content validation by experts; qualitative assessment; identify difficulties related to some questions, item response analysis, and test-retest reliability. RESULTS: After the literature search, 20 tools that included items related to child body hygiene were obtained. The researchers selected 34 items and drafted 48 additional ones. After content validity by the experts, the questionnaire (HICORIN®) was reduced to 63 items, and consisted of 7 dimensions of child personal hygiene (skin, hair, hands, oral, feet, ears, and intimate hygiene). After with the children some terms were adapted to improve their understanding. Only two items had non-response rates that exceeded 10%. The test-retest showed that 84.1% of the items had between very good and moderate reliability. CONCLUSIONS: HICORIN® is a reliable and valid instrument that integrally assesses the habits and knowledge in personal hygiene in children between 7-12 years old. It is applicable in educative and social and health environments and in children from different socioeconomic levels

[Prevalence of performing and prescribing physical exercise in patients diagnosed with anxiety and depression]. / Prevalencia de realización y prescripción de ejercicio físico en pacientes diagnosticados de ansiedad y depresión.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of physical exercise practice in patients diagnosed with anxiety and/or depression. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, observational study. LOCATION: Sabugo and la Magdalena primary care centers in Avilés. PARTICIPANTS: Patients aged 18 to 75 years diagnosed with anxiety and/or depression, consumers of psychoactive drugs in the three months previous to the realization of the study. We selected 376 patients by simple random sampling stratified by health center, making them a telephone survey. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Age, sex, physical exercise realization, type and duration of exercise, diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression, exercise prescription, prescriber health personnel and use of psychotropic medication. RESULTS: 294 participants (78.19% of selected) with a mean age of 55.33 years (55.32±12.53 SD) and 78.2% were female. 60.9% were diagnosed with anxiety, 59.5% with depression and 20.4% both diagnoses. 62.9% used antidepressants, benzodiazepines 76.9% and 39.79% both treatments. 58.5% (95%CI: 52.70-64.31) performed exercise of which 44.77% did it 3-5 times/week. The mean duration was 1.24h each time (95%CI: 0.53-1.96). The physical exercise was prescribed to the 59.18% (95%CI: 53.39-64.97); 90.23% by the family physician, 63.22% primary care nurse, 17.24% psychiatrist and 5.17% psychologist. The adherence to the prescription was 59.77% (95%CI: 52.20-67.34). CONCLUSIONS: The percentage of anxious and/or depressed patients who practiced exercise is similar to the general population but should be higher. The exercise prescription by health personnel is insufficient.