[Nontraumatic chylopericardium and chylothorax in premature neonates].

Deaths of extremely premature babies undiagnosed as having spontaneous chylopericardium (CP) and chylothorax (CT) are analyzed. The specific features of these death cases are the polyetiology of CP/CT and the similarity of their pathogenesis in the absence of specific clinical symptomatology.

[Foix-Alajouanine disease in childhood (clinico-morphologic case)]. / Bolezn' Fua-Alazhuanina v detskom vozraste (kliniko-morfologicheskoe nabliudenie).

It is the first report in the Soviet literature on Foix-Alajouanine's disease in childhood. The disease is marked by congenital multiple angiomatosis of the spinal vessels attended by gliosis and cavity formation. A thorough morphological analysis of the case was performed.

[Late sequelae of tuberculous meningitis]. / Otdalennye posledstviia tuberkuleznogo meningita.

The paper contains a clinico-morphological description of a case with late sequelae of treated tubercular meningitis. The patient at 7 years of age had tuberculous meningitis which was treated by suboccipital and endolumbar administration of streptomycin. Following 12 years, epileptical seizures ensued with an eventual gradual weakness in the extremities leading to profound spastic tetraparesis. During the last years of life contractures and stem symptoms developed. The morphological picture was characterized by posttuberculous fibrous leptomeningitis with an extensive internal hydrocephalus, universal sclerosis of the cerebral and spinal vessels, disseminated demyelinization in the spinal cord and brain, a distinct improverishment of the grey matter by ganglionic cells. The result of liquorohemodynamical disorders was a syringolike cavity in the spinal cord. Under the ependima of the laral ventricle calcified cholesteatomas were found, which are considered as complications of suboccipital punctures in administering streptomycin.

[Morphology of the Fahr syndrome (idiopathic calcification of the cerebral vessels)]. / K morfologii sindroma Fara (idiopaticheskoe obyzvestvlenie sosudov golovnogo mozga).

Two observations of the Far syndrome manifested by calcification of the brain tissue, oligodendroglia, arterial walls, arterioles, capillaries and veins are described. In the first case, the Far syndrome developed against the background of hypoparathyreosis with longterm disturbance of phosphorus-calcium metabolism, in the second--against the background of endocrine polyadenomatosis (trabecular adenoma of the thyroid gland, clear cell adenoma of the adrenals) with hyponatremia.

[Changes in the central nervous system in acute viral respiratory infections]. / Izmeneniia tsentral'noi nervnoi sistemy pri ostroi virusnoi respiratornoi infektsii.

On the basis of a clinico-morphological analysis of 50 cases with acute respiratory viral infections, developing clinically with brain symptoms, the authors distinguish 2 main factors, influencing their development. The main factors consist in a evicious circles of respiratory disorders which causes the appearance of toxico-hypoxic encephalopathy. Encephalitis of an immuno-allergic nature are seen less frequently and may appear soon after acute respiratory viral infections. Histologically there are 2 forms of allergic encephalitis: 1) with perivascular lymphocyte infiltration and 2) hemorrhagical. The second form differs clinically from the first by apoplectic-like development with a coma and rapid short course. Both forms of poctinfluenza allergic encephalitis differ from encephalopathy in the fact that they develop not during the crucial phase of acute respiratory infection, but follow 1-2 weeks. The morphological differences of hemmorrhagical forms of poctinfluenza allergic encephalitis from from encephalopathy are characterized by intensive perivascular hemorrhages with a tendency towards their fusion; by changes in the vascular walls; by an appearance of small foci of colliquative necrosis and demyelinization.

[Pathogenesis of syringomyelia]. / O patogeneze siringomielii

The absence of an ependimic layer in cases of syringomyelia described in literature and in the author's own studies, the dislocation of cavities on the background of formted gray matter, the structure of the edge of the cavity, as well as sclerosis, a gyalinosis of vessels and fibrosis of the meninx--all these phenomena confirm the opinion of syringomyelitic cavities as an acquired defect and not dysraphia. A comparative study of the morphogenesis of medullar cavities in inflammatory, vascular, traumatical processes and in syringomyelia permits to mark their histological similarity and postnecrotic genesis. The glyosis in syringomyelitic cavities has a different character. The fibrillar glyosis along the edge of the cavities appears due to reparative changes and plays a delineating role. Irritative glyosis appears more frequently in angiomatosis, accompanied by chronic microhemorrhages. Expressed glyosis with a formation of cellular rosettes is to a certain extent a tumor (astrocytomaa, epeudimoma), while a syringomyelitic cavity--a histiolytic cyst of a tumor.