CT-guided computer-assisted stereotactic resection of brain tumours.

A computer-assisted technique was developed for CT-guided stereotactic microsurgical resection of small intracerebral lesions. An original stereotactic retractor was developed to work with the Riechert-Mundinger's equipment for precise localisation, safe exposure and microsurgical removal of these tumours. A software-program was developed to work on an ordinary IBM-compatible PC/AT. It assisted the procedure from treatment planning till the end, including tumour excision, and provided computerized support for the removal of pathological tissues within the CT-defined boundaries of the lesion. 6 patients, harbouring supratentorial intracerebral lesions underwent surgery using this technique. 2 of them suffered from brain metastases, in 1 patient a cavernous angioma was removed, 2 patients had glial tumours, and in the last patient only radiation necrotic tissue was found to be the cause of ring-enhanced lesion, which had been suspected to be a recurrent glioma. Their largest dimensions varied between 18 and 30 mm and the age of the patients ranged from 15 to 52 years. In 2 cases the lesions were localised deeply in the region of basal ganglia and thalamus. In the remaining patients the tumours were rather superficial, infiltrating subcortical white-matter close to the central sulci. There was no mortality nor significant morbidity following the procedure, the Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) cumulative scores being either unchanged (in 3), or improved (in 3 patients). Current state and modern concepts in image-guided open stereotactic methodology is discussed.

[Supercarcinogens and supermutagens--nitrosoalkoxyalkylamines--effective producers of nitrogen oxide]. / Superkantserogeny i supermutageny--nitrozoalkoksialkilaminy--éffektivnye produtsenty okisi azota.

Nitrosoalcoxyalkylamines are more efficient producers of nitrogen oxide in vivo than nitrosoalkylamines. Production of nitrogen oxide was monitored by EPR. The patterns of denitrosylation have been studied. The ability of the studied compounds to produce nitrogen oxide in vivo may be related to their carcinogenic and mutagenic action.

[Stereotaxic computer tomography]. / Stereotaksicheskaia komp'iuternaia tomografiia.

Methods for using computer tomography (CT) in stereotaxic calculations are discussed. A stereotaxic CT method elaborated at the Scientific Research Institute of Neurosurgery, AMS USSR which is intended for the Riechert-Mundinger stereotaxic apparatus is described; the method is used for calculating targets chosen according to CT. In combination with a high resolution (ND-8 000) CT-scanner, the method provides for the attainment of targets with a mean magnitude of error of no more than 1 mm in all directions. The calculations are made by means of computer tomograph service programs. The method is simple, reliable in application, and the patient is exposed to relatively small radiation. The method was used in operations for stereotaxic biopsy on patients with deeply located tumors of the brain and is recommended for application in the neurosurgical clinic, mainly in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with tumors of the brain.