Head and neck radiotherapy-induced changes in dentomaxillofacial structures detected on panoramic radiographs: A systematic review.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to summarize the impact of neck and head radiation treatment on maxillofacial structures detected on panoramic radiographs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this systematic review, the authors searched PubMed Central, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for original research studies up to February 2020 that included the following Medical Subject Headings keywords: words related to "radiotherapy" and synonyms combined with keywords related to "panoramic radiography" and "oral diagnosis" and synonyms. Only original studies in English that investigated the maxillofacial effects of radiotherapy via panoramic radiographs were included. The quality of the selected manuscripts was evaluated by assessing the risk of bias using Cochrane's ROBINS-I tool for non-randomized studies. RESULTS: Thirty-three studies were eligible and included in this review. The main objectives pertained to the assessment of the effects of radiation on maxillofacial structures, including bone architecture alterations, periodontal space widening, teeth development abnormalities, osteoradionecrosis, and implant bone loss. The number of participants evaluated ranged from 8 to 176. CONCLUSION: The interaction between ionizing radiation and maxillofacial structures results in hazard to the tissues involved, particularly the bone tissue, periosteum, connective tissue of the mucosa, and endothelium. Hard tissue changes due to radiation therapy can be detected on panoramic radiographs.

Gardner syndrome imaging features in plain radiographs and computed tomography: a case report / Síndrome de Gardner: Características imaginológicas por meio da radiografia convencional e tomografia computedorizada

Gardner syndrome (GS) is a genetic disease with high penetration characterized by a signal triad of colonic polyposis, multiple osteomas and mesenchymal tumors in the soft tissues and skin. The colonic polyposis is associated to the development of malignant disease. Patients may also present maxillomandibular alterations such as impacted teeth, supernumerary teeth, congenital missing teeth and odontomas. Bone lesions and maxillomandibular alterations usually precedes the gastrointestinal alterations; hence dentists should be aware of GS syndrome main radiographic signals, in order to detect the disease and proper referred the patient to medical treatment and surveillance. Thus, in this report, it is described a case of GS in a male patient, as well as discussed GS features.(AU)

A síndrome de Gardner (GS) é uma doença genética caracterizada pela seguinte tríade: polipose colônica, múltiplos osteomas e tumores mesenquimais em tecidos moles e pele. A polipose colônica está associada ao desenvolvimento de tumores malignos. Os pacientes também podem apresentar alterações maxilomandibulares, como dentes impactados, dentes supranumerários, agenesia congênita e odontomas. Lesões ósseas e alterações maxilomandibulares geralmente precedem as alterações gastrointestinais; portanto, os dentistas devem estar cientes dos principais sinais imaginológicos da GS, a fim de detectar a doença e encaminhar adequadamente o paciente para tratamento. Neste relato de caso é descrito um caso de GS em um paciente do gênero masculino, além de discutir as características da GS.(AU)