Epidemiology of Dengue in patients with febrile syndrome at Saint Camille Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso from 2020 to 2

: Dengue is still a public health problem in tropical countries. This disease, which had almost disappeared in some areas of the world, has become re-emergent in certain parts of the world including Africa.The aim of this study is to determine the seroprevalence and evolution of Dengue virus (DENV) infection from 2020 to 2021 at the Hospital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO), Burkina Faso. Methodology: This was a descriptive analytical study of patients seen in general practice with febrile syndrome referred for serological diagnosis of Dengue at the HOSCO laboratory over a period of 2 years (January 1, 2020 ­ December 31, 2021). The "Dengue Duo (AgNS1/IgM/IgG)" kit from SD Bioline was used for the rapid diagnosis through the detection of NS1 antigen and IgM/IgG antibodies in plasma. Data were analysed with SPSS version 20.0 software. Association between demographic data and prevalence of DENV infection was determined by Chisquare test and odds ratio (with 95% confidence interval). P value less than 0.05 was considered statistical significance. Results: A total of 2957 patients aged 0-94 years were referred for serological diagnosis of DENV infection at the HOSCO laboratory over the period 2020-2021, comprising 56.3% females and 43.7% males. The overall prevalence of acute DENV infection (NS1Ag positive) was 5.4% (159/2957), with 2.4% (41/1700) in 2020 and 9.4% (118/1257) in 2021 (OR=4.192, 95% CI=2.915-6.028, p<0.0001). The prevalence of acute DENV infection of 7.0% (91/1292) in the males was significantly higher than 4.1% (68/1665) in the females (OR=1.779, 95% CI=1.288-2.458, p=0.0005), and also significantly higher in age groups 20-29 years (7.6%), 10-19 years (6.9%) and 40-49 years (5.8%) than other age groups (X 2=14.928, p=0.0107). The overall prevalence of DENV IgM and IgG antibodies was 3.2% and 37.3% respectively. The prevalence of DENV IgG antibodies was significantly higher in males (44.0%) than females (32.1%) (OR=1.667, 95%CI=1.434-1.938, p<0.0001) and in age groups 30-39 (43.4%), 40-49 (44.0%) and >50 years (49.3%) than other age groups (X2=121.0, p<0.0001), indicating that past exposure to DENV infection is higher among males and older age groups. The peak of DENV infection was between October and November with 84.3% (134/159) of NS1Ag positivity occurring during this period. Conclusion: The present study reports a high prevalence of acute Dengue virus infection in patients from October to November. To eradicate Dengue which has become a tropical silent epidemic, interventions such as vector control, availability of and accessibility to diagnostic tests, and good therapeutic management are of great importance

Un appendicite de localisation atypique : apport de la coloscopie au diagnostic

Le diagnostic de l'appendicite a gauche est fait en dehors de la laparotomie a l'imagerie medicale (echographie et scanner). Les auteurs rapportent ici un cas ou le diagnostic a ete fait a la coloscopie. Ils militent a travers une analyse basee sur le cas rapporte et ceux de la litterature en faveur de l'emploi de la coloscopie comme moyen diagnostic de confirmation des appendicites lorsque l'imagerie medicale (scanner) est inaccessible ou est pris a defaut

[Prevalence of Hepatitis C virus infection in pregnant women and mother-child transmission in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso]. / Portage du virus de l'hépatite C chez les femmes enceintes et transmission mère-enfant à Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) among pregnant women and the rate of mother-child transmission. Over one month (April 26 to May 25, 2002) blood samples of 200 pregnant women who gave birth at the maternity of the university hospital and Gounguin center medical of Ouagadougou were tested for anti-HVC antibodies (Ac HCV) and anti HIV antibodies (Ac HIV). Infants born to mother tested positive for Ac HCV and their mother were tested for HCV-RNA. The prevalence of HCV (positive Ac HCV and HCV-RNA) was 2% in pregnant women (4/200). One case of mother-child transmission was found. The virus transmitted was 2a (A/C) genotype. The mother had a high titre of HCV-ARN, was co-infected by HIV and had had history of blood transfusion, excision and tattoo of the gums.

[Analysis of the results of 1221 colonoscopies in the hospitals of Burkina Faso, 1994-1997]. / Analyse des résultats de 1221 coloscopies en milieu hospitalier au Burkina Faso, 1994-1997.

The authors report the results of 1221 colonoscopies. It appears from their analysis that whereas functional diseases of the colon remain predominant and topical, organic diseases appear to be increasing in frequency (polyps, polyposis, rectocolic cancer, parasitical colitis, diverticulis). Inflammatory bowel diseases are also beginning to be seen. The reported cases of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are, so far as they know, the first in their country.

[Perihepatitis and HIV/AIDS infection. Apropos of 13 cases at the National Hospital of Bobo-Dioulasso]. / Périhépatite et infection par le VIH/sida. A propos de 13 cas à l'Hôpital national de Bobo-Dioulasso.

Perihepatitis or Fitz-Hugh syndrome, peritonitis located in the right hypochondriasis (RH), is a relatively rare affectation. However, the HIV-AIDS pandemic has brought about the emergence and re-emergence of disease-states either uncommon or formerly on the decline as well as the appearance of opportunistic illness. We report the results of a retrospective study conducted in the National Hospital of Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina-Faso) between 1 June 1997 and 31 December 1999 in an effort to contribute to a wider vision of diseases associated with HIV-AIDS. We based our study on 130 laparoscopies carried out for unexplained pain linked to RH (with or without fever), as well as abdominal-pelvian or diffuse abdominal pain. Thirteen cases (11 women, 2 men) of perihepatitis were diagnosed. The mean age for women and men was respectively 31.4 and 39.5. HIV serology was systematically carried out for all patients and, in case of perihepatitis, cultures were taken. All patients were infected with HIV and some presented signs of AIDS according to the WHO classification. In clinical terms, a shalking pain for RH was noted for 5 patients, abdominal sensitivity in 8 cases as well as gynaecological anomalies: cul-de-sac moving pain (4 cases), leuchorrea (3 cases) and mucosic vulvovaginitis (1 case). Paraclinical tests revealed a slight hepatic cytolysis for only 3 patients (1.5 N). 6 patients tested positive for Chlamydia trachomatis; the 7 others could not be tested, but this aetiology was assumed for evaluating the efficacy of the treatment under study. The high frequency of perihepatitis in these patients, all of whom were suffering from HIV-AIDS, and its presence in the 2 male cases, suggest that immunodepression is conducive to the appearance of this disease.

Les icteres chirurgicaux au Centre Hospitalier National Yalgado Ouedraogo (CHNYO) Ouagadougou (BF)

Les auteurs rapportent dans une etude retrospective; 29 cas d'ictere par obstruction de la voie biliaire principale colliges en 6 ans. Ils notent l'importance de l'affection chez le sujet age de sexe masculin : 72 pour cent des patients ont plus de 50 ans avec un sex-ratio de 3 hommes pour 1 femme. Les obstructions de la voie biliaire principale par tumeurs sont les plus observees (83 pour cent) contre 17 pour cent pour la lithiase de la voie biliaire principale (LVBP). Une derivation bilio digestive chirurgicale palliative type anastomose choledocojejunale termino-laterale sur une anse en Y est pratiquee dans 24 cas (83 pour cent). La lithiase de la voie biliaire principale est traitee par une anastomose choledo-duodenale latero-laterale (17 pour cent). La mortalite globale hospitaliere est de 6 cas sur 29 (21 pour cent). Le carcinome excretobiliaire panparietal reste l'affection dont le taux de mortalite est le plus eleve. (3 deces sur 3)

[Diabetes mellitus at the National Hospital Center of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)]. / Diabète sucré au Centre hospitalier national de Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Epidémiologie, types et manifestations cliniques.

The study, conducted over 4 years among 400 diabetic patients, reports the epidemiological and clinical aspects of diabetes mellitus at the National Hospital of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Epidemiologically, diabetes mellitus affects men by 64% and women by 36%. 76% are over 40 y. o., whereas only 2.2% are under 20. Clinically, the classification of diabetic patients shows that 10.7% are insulin-dependent and 76.5% non insulin-dependent. No usual tropical diabetes has been found. The calcifications observed in 2.5% of cases were combined with chronic alcoholic pancreatitis. The classic triad (polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia) led to diagnostic by 41% of the patients, whereas 27.5% have been identified when having complications, and 23% by a systematic check-up. Cardio-vascular risk factors combined with diabetes have been found: obesity (28%), high blood pressure (20%), hyperuricaemia (14%), addiction to smoking (20%). The epidemiological characteristics, as well as the various clinical aspects, mostly complies with the observations of the african authors.

Les Cancers du tube digestif au CHNYO de Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

97 cancers du tube digestif sur 1010 TM ont ete recenses au CHNYO de janvier 1986 a decembre 1993 soit 9;6 per cent des tumeurs malignes. La classique predominance masculine a ete notee et l'age moyen des patients a ete de 52 ans. l'augmentation progressive des CTD au fil des annees semble liee a l'existence de lesions precancereuses et au regime alimentaire. L'etude analytique sommaire a releve la predominance du cancer de l'estomac. Il s'avere necessaire d'insister sur les methodes de prevention. Le diagnostic etant toujours tardif

Le cancer primitif du foie : aspects epidemiologiques et cliniques au Centre Hospitalier National Yalgado Ouedraogo; Ouagadougou

112 dossiers de malades (92 hommes et 20 femmes) atteints de cancer primitif du foie (CPF) representant 3;2 pour cent des hospitalisations ont ete colliges en 3 ans dans le service d'hepato-gastro-enterologie de l'hopital de Ouagadougou. L'age moyen etait de 46;9 ans. Les douleurs de l'hypochondre droit etaient quasi constantes (96;7 pour cent); suivies de l'ascite (43;9 pour cent) et de l'ictere (33;6 pour cent). Le foie tumoral typique a ete retrouve dans 88;5 pour cent et l'atteinte interessait les 2 lobes dans 82;8 pour cent a l'echographie. Les marqueurs du virus de l'hepatite B etaient presents chez 95;2 pour cent des patients. Il s'agissait dans tous les cas de tumeurs epitheliales (carcinome hepato-cellulaire dans 93;3 pour cent et cholangio-carcinome dans 6;7 pour cent)

Morbidite et mortalite dans le service de medecine digestive du Centre Hospitalier National Yalgado Ouedraogo (CHN-YO) Ouagadougou

Au cours de l'annee 1992; le service de medecine digestive de l'hopital de Ouagadougou a recu en hospitalisation 1498 malades dont 69;9 pour cent d'hommes et 30;7 pour cent de femmes; ages de 15 a 74 ans. Les motifs d'hospitalisation etaient domines par les diarrhees chroniques liees au VIH (39 pour cent); les hepatopathies occupant la deuxieme place des affections digestives (15;5 pour cent). 281 deces (18;75) repartis en 29;9 pour cent de femmes et 70;1 pour cent d'hommes ont ete deplores; dus principalement aux diarrhees chroniques (38;8 pour cent); aux hepatopathies chroniques (25;7 pour cent) et aux affections non digestives (22 pour cent). Ces deces touchent surtout les adultes jeunes (21 a 40 ans). la survenue surtout nocturne de ces deces (70;1 pour cent) repose le probleme de la dotation minimale du service en medicaments d'urgence