Reemplazo femoral total, reporte de tres casos con revisión de la literatura / Total femoral replacement. Three case reports and literature review

Introducción: En la actualidad, la cirugía de recambio articular de cadera y rodilla es un procedimiento común en centros ortopédicos. Sin embargo, sabemos que este tipo de cirugía tiene vigencia y requiere procedimientos de revisión. Estos últimos generalmente conllevan complicaciones importantes como la pérdida de hueso que puede llegar a comprometer la estabilidad de los implantes. Métodos: Se realizaron tres revisiones de artroplastía tanto de cadera como de rodilla que han requerido el reemplazo total del fémur y de las articulaciones involucradas en el período comprendido del 2006 al 2011. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar la experiencia con estos implantes en cirugía de revisión de artroplastía. Resultados: El protocolo de manejo del postoperatorio fue estandarizado para todos y cada uno de los pacientes, requirieron manejo mediante desbridamientos y antibioticoterapia específica. Evidenciaron mejora significativa en el puntaje de la escala visual análoga del dolor (8-2.3 puntos p < 0.05) y funcional con la escala de valoración de WOMAC (21.6 preoperatorio a 55 puntos p < 0.05). Conclusiones: El reemplazo femoral total es un procedimiento quirúrgico de salvamento poco frecuente, demandante y complejo, que representa una alternativa ante la desarticulación de la extremidad pélvica en la etapa final de la enfermedad protésica. Se trata de una opción factible de realizar para mejorar la funcionalidad del paciente y disminuir la discapacidad residual para la realización de actividades de manera independiente.

Introduction: Currently hip and knee joint replacement were performed frequently at orthopedic centers. However, these surgeries do not last forever and thus revision procedures are required. The latter usually involve complications like bone loss that may compromise implant stability. Methods: Three hip and knee arthroplasty revisions were performed from 2006 to 2011, which warranted the total replacement of the femur and the joints involved. The purpose of this paper is to describe our experience with these implants used in arthroplasty revision surgery. Results: A standardized postoperative management protocol was used in all patients. They required debridement and specific antibiotic therapy. They had a significant improvement in the pain visual analog scale (VAS) (the score went from 8 to 2.3, p < 0.05) and in function, measured with the WOMAC score (from a preoperative score of 21.6 to 55, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Total femoral replacement is an infrequent, demanding and complex salvage surgery that represents an alternative to the disarticulation of the pelvic limb at the end stage of prosthetic disease. This is a feasible option used to improve patient functionality and decrease residual capacity for performing activities independently.

[Total femoral replacement. Three case reports and literature review]. / Reemplazo femoral total, reporte de tres casos con revisión de la literatura.

INTRODUCTION: Currently hip and knee joint replacement were performed frequently at orthopedic centers. However, these surgeries do not last forever and thus revision procedures are required. The latter usually involve complications like bone loss that may compromise implant stability. METHODS: Three hip and knee arthroplasty revisions were performed from 2006 to 2011, which warranted the total replacement of the femur and the joints involved. The purpose of this paper is to describe our experience with these implants used in arthroplasty revision surgery. RESULTS: A standardized postoperative management protocol was used in all patients. They required debridement and specific antibiotic therapy. They had a significant improvement in the pain visual analog scale (VAS) (the score went from 8 to 2.3, p < 0.05) and in function, measured with the WOMAC score (from a preoperative score of 21.6 to 55, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Total femoral replacement is an infrequent, demanding and complex salvage surgery that represents an alternative to the disarticulation of the pelvic limb at the end stage of prosthetic disease. This is a feasible option used to improve patient functionality and decrease residual capacity for performing activities independently.

INTRODUCCIÓN: En la actualidad, la cirugía de recambio articular de cadera y rodilla es un procedimiento común en centros ortopédicos. Sin embargo, sabemos que este tipo de cirugía tiene vigencia y requiere procedimientos de revisión. Estos últimos generalmente conllevan complicaciones importantes como la pérdida de hueso que puede llegar a comprometer la estabilidad de los implantes. MÉTODOS: Se realizaron tres revisiones de artroplastía tanto de cadera como de rodilla que han requerido el reemplazo total del fémur y de las articulaciones involucradas en el período comprendido del 2006 al 2011. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar la experiencia con estos implantes en cirugía de revisión de artroplastía. RESULTADOS: El protocolo de manejo del postoperatorio fue estandarizado para todos y cada uno de los pacientes, requirieron manejo mediante desbridamientos y antibioticoterapia específica. Evidenciaron mejora significativa en el puntaje de la escala visual análoga del dolor (8-2.3 puntos p < 0.05) y funcional con la escala de valoración de WOMAC (21.6 preoperatorio a 55 puntos p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONES: El reemplazo femoral total es un procedimiento quirúrgico de salvamento poco frecuente, demandante y complejo, que representa una alternativa ante la desarticulación de la extremidad pélvica en la etapa final de la enfermedad protésica. Se trata de una opción factible de realizar para mejorar la funcionalidad del paciente y disminuir la discapacidad residual para la realización de actividades de manera independiente.

[Total knee arthroplasty with ultracongruent tibial insert. Two-year follow-up]. / Artroplastía total de rodilla con inserto tibial ultracongruente. Seguimiento a dos años.

INTRODUCTION: There is no single criterion to select a posterior stabilization system for an arthroplasty; the ultracongruent system may avoid the complications observed with the drawer and the post. OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical and functional status of total knee arthroplasty with the ultracongruent system and compare the results with those published in the international literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out with a descriptive and comparative analysis of the total knee arthroplasties in which the Consensus system was used, to determine the operative time, the range of motion, pain, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Scale (WOMAC), and the level of satisfaction. RESULTS: Sixty-six arthroplasties were performed; mean age was 70.58 years; 45.5% were right and 54.5% left; the operative time was 76.84 minutes, the VAS pain score was 2.02, the WOMAC score was 17.11, and the range of motion was 96.5 +/- 14.04. Ninety-two percent of the patients are satisfied with the surgical procedure. CONCLUSIONS: The prosthesis with the ultracongruent insert is an effective option to relieve pain in patients with knee pathology. The clinical and functional results were similar to those reported with other stabilization systems. The system is well accepted by the patients. It is recommended as an alternative to prevent the possible complications that occur with the drawer and post system.

Disability impact on quality of life in Mexican adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and juvenile ankylosing spondylitis.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to determine the disability impact on quality of life (QOL) in Mexican adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis polyarticular course (JIAPA) and juvenile ankylosing spondylitis (JAS). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed on 32 adult patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Functional outcome was evaluated using Global Functional Status (GFS) according to American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and Spanish Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) arthritis-specific measurements for functional disability in patients with polyarticular course and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) for those who developed JAS. Quality of life (QOL) was assessed using SF-36 and EuroQol 5D (EQ-5D). Descriptive statistics and associations among clinical, functional, and QOL measurements were examined using Spearman's correlation test. Multiple regression analysis was used to estimate predictor factors for impaired QOL. Differences between groups were evaluated by Fisher exact and Mann-Whitney U tests, and p values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: JIAPA and JAS had GFS III/IV in 65 and 50%, respectively. A HAQ-DI score of > 1.5 was found in 35% of JIAPA, and a BASFI score of > 5 in 92% of JAS. Patients with JIAPA and JAS reported lower scores for all physical domains and for mental domains (physical role, social functioning, and emotional role) compared with Mexican population scores (p < 0.005). Health status between both groups studied does not show significant differences (p > 0.05). EQ-5D showed impairment in all five dimensions for both groups studied. Multiple regression analysis showed that GFS was the only variable that affects QOL assessed by SF36. CONCLUSIONS: In our study population, JIAPA and JAS exhibited a great disability impact on QOL and poor functional outcome during the patients' adult life. GFS has a significant impact on quality of life.