Cirugía radioguiada: extirpación de metástasis de un carcinoma papilar de tiroides / Probe-guided surgery: metastases of a papillary thyroid carcinoma. Surgical Excision

Paciente de sexo masculino operado de Carcinoma Papilar Tiroideo (variedad folicular) con recurrencia tumoral luego de tiroidectomía, linfadenectomía y Dosis Terapéutica de Iodo 131. Bajo tratamiento con hormonas tiroideas a dosis inhibitorias de TSH, persistencia de valores elevados de Tiroglobulina Plasmática e imágenes detectables en la Ecografía y Resonancia Magnética Nuclear ( RMN). Por la Dosis Terapéutica se sospechaba que las mismas concentrarían radioyodo. Se planificó por lo tanto cirugía radioguiada, según el protocolo del Instituto Gustave Roussy (modificado). Dosis Terapéutica de Iodo 131; al 4º día Rastreo Corporal Total en Cámara Gamma (RCT); al 5º día cirugía con sonda exploradora (gamma probe) y a las 48 hs. poscirugía nuevo RCT. El procedimiento fue exitoso, pudiendo extirparse adenopatías metastásicas con la desaparición en el RCT posquirúrgico de las imágenes que fijaban francamente radioyodo en el preoperatorio. Los vlores de Tiroglobulina plasmática descendieron francamente con terapia hormonal de reemplazo, a los sesenta y noventa días postratamiento.

A male patient with papillary thyroid cancer -folliculary variety- is chosen to be presented. After thyroidectomy, lymfhadenectomy and therapeutic dose of radioiodine treatments, cancer relapse was observed. After thyrotrophyn supressive therapy with l-thyroxine, a high serum thyroglobulin concentration was observed. The Ultrasonography ( US) and Magnetic Resonance (MR) images showed visible node structures in the neck. This node structures were probably going to concentrate I-131 as seen in the first whole body scan after therapeutic dose. Therefore a radio-guided surgery was planned as the best choice. (Institute Gustave Roussy protocol). A therapeutic dose of radioiodine (I-131) was given and up to the 4th day a whole body scan was performed. In the 5th day a gamma- probe-guided surgery was performed as well, and localized metastatic foci in the pretracheal region and under right recurrent laryngeal nerve. No other foci were identified with the probe at surgery. Forty eight hours after surgery a new whole-body scan was made again. The procedure was successful. The metastatic lessions were completely dissected. The last whole body scan showed that radioiodine concentration had disappeared at all. Forty five days and three months after surgery under levothyroxin treatment, the serum thyroglobulin level concentration decrease to very low values.

Alpha2B-adrenergic receptor deletion polymorphism and cardiac autonomic nervous system responses to exercise in obese women.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of short form (Glu9/Glu9) of the 12Glu9 deletion polymorphism of the alpha2B-adrenergic receptor (alpha2B-AR) gene polymorphism with the cardiac autonomic responsiveness during sustained isometric handgrip exercise. DESIGN: Cross-sectional clinical study. SUBJECTS: In all, 97 normotensive obese women (body mass index (BMI) = 33.2 kg/m2). Of these, 78 (80.41%) were genotyped as Glu12/Glu12, 13 (13.40%) as Glu12/Glu9 and six (6.19%) as Glu9/Glu9 form. MEASUREMENTS: The sympathovagal balance was assessed by means of power spectral analysis of heart rate variability at rest and during sustained isometric handgrip exercise at 30% of maximal voluntary handgrip contraction for 3 min. Two spectral components were analysed: low-frequency component reflecting sympathetic efferent activity and high-frequency power (HFnu) reflecting parasympathetic modulation. In addition, a normalized low-frequency power (LFnu) and HFnu were analysed. Genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: There were no differences in baseline measurements among groups. The absolute level of LFnu throughout handgrip exercise was significantly lower in Glu9/Glu9 subjects compared with other genotypes, while the decline of absolute HFnu was significantly smaller compared with Glu12/Glu12 genotype. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that 12Glu9 deletion polymorphism of the alpha2B-AR gene (Glu9/Glu9 genotype) might result in reduced autonomic responsiveness by altering cardiac sympathetic and vagal function during sustained handgrip exercise in normotensive obese women.

Quimioterapia en cáncer testicular de alto riesgo: experiencia del grupo uro-oncológico del Hospital General de México, SS / Chemotherapy in high risk testicular cancer: experience of uro-oncologic group of the Hospital General of México, SS

Se analiza el uso de tres esquemas distintos de quimioterapia en cáncer testicular de alto riesgo. El grupo I incluyó 21 pacientes tratados entre 1976 y 1980 que recibieron vinblastina y blemicina (esquema VBII); el grupo II, 15 pacientes manejados de 1981 a 1985 con cisplatino, vinblastina y bleomicina (esquema PVB); y el grupo III, 17 pacientes atendidos entre 1986 y 1990 con cisplatino, ciclofosfamida y adriamicina, en ciclos alternos con vinblastina y bleomicina (esquema CISCA II/VBIV). Se obtuvieron, respectivamente, respuestas completas de 19.0, 46.7 y 76.5 por ciento (p= 0.0003), lo cual se elevó a 59.8 por ciento en el grupo II y a 100.0 por ciento en el gurpo III, con cirugía citorreductiva (p=0.0000). Después de 104 semanas de seguimiento, el 33.0 por ciento de los pacientes del grupo II y el 94.0 por ciento del grupo III sa encontraban libres de enfermedad (p= 0.0002). Los efectos tóxicos fueron mayores en el tercer grupo; sin embargo no hubo diferencia estadística. Las características inherentes a los distintos períodos en que fueron tratados los grupos imposibilitan una comparación objetiva. La experiencia adquiridad perfila una curva positiva de aprendisaje. Con cada etapa se lograron mejores resultados; sobre todo al implantar regímenes más agresivos de quimioterapia, que implican mayor número de grogas efectivas, administradas en un lapso menor, con un manejo adecuado de los efectos secundadios