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1.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 16155, 2024 Jul 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38997296

RESUMO

Copper indium sulfide (CuInS2) exhibits strong visible light absorption and thus has the potential for good photocatalytic activity; however, rapid charge recombination limits its practical usage. An intriguing strategy to overcome this issue is to couple CuInS2 with another semiconductor to form a heterojunction, which can improve the charge carrier separation and, hence, enhance the photocatalytic activity. In this study, photocatalysts comprising CuInS2 with a secondary CuS phase (termed CuInxSy) and CuInxSy loaded with ZnS (termed ZnS@CuInxSy) were synthesized via a microwave-assisted method. Structural and morphological characterization revealed that the ZnS@CuInxSy photocatalyst comprised tetragonal CuInS2 containing a secondary phase of hexagonal CuS, coupled with hexagonal ZnS. The effective band gap energy of CuInxSy was widened from 2.23 to 2.71 as the ZnS loading increased from 0 to 30%. The coupling of CuInxSy with ZnS leads to long-lived charge carriers and efficient visible-light harvesting properties, which in turn lead to a remarkably high activity for the photocatalytic degradation of brilliant green (95.6% in 5 h) and conversion of 4-nitrophenol to 4-nitrophenolate ions (95.4% in 5 h). The active species involved in these photocatalytic processes were evaluated using suitable trapping agents. Based on the obtained results, photocatalytic mechanisms are proposed that emphasize the importance of h+, O2•-, and OH- in photocatalytic processes using ZnS@CuInxSy.

2.
BMC Chem ; 18(1): 135, 2024 Jul 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39049130

RESUMO

Molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) and modified MoS2 with different percentages of CdS (10%, 30%, and 50% CdS@MoS2) were successfully synthesized and characterized. The photocatalytic performance of the MoS2 and CdS@MoS2 was evaluated by degrading brilliant green (BG), methylene blue (MB), and rhodamine B (RhB) dyes under visible light irradiation. Amongst the synthesized photocatalysts, 50% CdS@MoS2 exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity, degrading 97.6%, 90.3%, and 75.5% of BG, MB, and RhB dyes, respectively within 5 h. The active species involved in the degradation processes were investigated. All trapping agents inhibited BG and MB degradation to a similar extent, indicating that all of the probed active species play an important role in the degradation of BG and MB. In contrast, h+ and O2•- were found to be the main reactive species in the photocatalytic RhB degradation. A potential mechanism for the photocatalytic degradation of dyes using CdS@MoS2 has been proposed. This work highlights the potential of CdS@MoS2 as a photocatalyst for more efficient water remediation applications.

3.
Front Microbiol ; 15: 1394661, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38863760

RESUMO

Our knowledge of alphavirus genetic diversity is mainly based on viruses isolated from anthropophilic mosquito species, humans, and livestock during outbreaks. Studies on alphaviruses from sylvatic amplification cycles in sub-Saharan Africa have been conducted less often than from epizootic environments. To gain insight into alphavirus diversity in enzootic transmission cycles, we collected over 23,000 mosquitoes in lowland rainforest and savannah gallery forest in southwestern Uganda and tested them for alphavirus infections. We detected Sindbis virus (SINV) in a Culex Culex sp. mosquito and Middelburg virus (MIDV) in Eretmapodites intermedius and Mansonia africana. MIDV is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that causes febrile illness in sheep, goats, and horses and was previously not known to occur in Uganda. SINV, also a mosquito-borne alphavirus, causes mild infections in humans. Full genomes of SINV and MIDV were sequenced, showing a nucleotide identity of 99% to related strains. Both isolates replicated to high titres in a wide variety of vertebrate cells. Our data suggest endemic circulation of SINV and MIDV in Uganda.

4.
BMJ Open ; 14(6): e088312, 2024 Jun 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38839394

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the impact of an ecological dynamics (ED) intervention (EDI) on primary school children's physical literacy and well-being in the Hong Kong context. The aim of this project is to introduce a physical literacy and well-being framework through an EDI that allows primary school children to develop good physical activity (PA) and daily behavioural habits. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A four-arm (cluster) randomised controlled trial will be conducted to examine the effect of EDI on physical literacy and well-being in primary schools located in each of the 18 administrative districts of Hong Kong. Four classes in senior primary students (grade 4) at each school will be randomly assigned to the four different conditions. These participating schools will be equipped with sit-stand desks, PA recess facility and equipment, and sleep pillows. The research team will adopt both objective measures (aerobic fitness, fundamental movement skills, daily behaviour-physical activity and cognitive function) and self-reported measures (perceived physical literacy, quality of life, sleep quality) covering the elements and domains of physical literacy and well-being to examine the effects of EDIs at four time points, including baseline assessment, 3 months after intervention, postintervention and 3-month follow-up assessment. One-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) will be used to test for differences in the baseline characteristics of participants between groups. Repeated measure ANOVAs and MANCOVA, with time (baseline, after intervention and follow-up) as within-subjects factor, and intervention group as between-subjects factors, will be used to evaluate the effects of different interventions on the students' physical literacy and well-being. A Bonferonni correction to the p value will be calculated to adjust for multiple tests. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was sought from the Joint CUHK-NTEC Clinical Research Ethics Committee in Hong Kong (CREC Ref.No.:2024.027). The finding of this study will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals, international conference presentations and academic lectures. For secondary analysis of the data, please contact the corresponding author for permission. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN84025914.


Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Qualidade de Vida , Instituições Acadêmicas , Humanos , Hong Kong , Criança , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Feminino , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Masculino , Letramento em Saúde , Aptidão Física , Estudantes/psicologia , Serviços de Saúde Escolar
5.
Adv Mater ; : e2404110, 2024 Jun 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38943473

RESUMO

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices offer a promising platform toward direct solar light harvesting and chemical storage through artificial photosynthesis. However, most prototypes employ wide bandgap semiconductors, moisture-sensitive inorganic light absorbers, or corrosive electrolytes. Here, the design and assembly of PEC devices based on an organic donor-acceptor bulk heterojunction (BHJ) using a carbon-based encapsulant are introduced, which demonstrate long-term H2 evolution and CO2 reduction in benign aqueous media. Accordingly, PCE10:EH-IDTBR photocathodes display long-term H2 production for 300 h in a near-neutral pH solution, whereas photocathodes with a molecular CO2 reduction catalyst attain a CO:H2 selectivity of 5.41±0.53 under 0.1 sun irradiation. Their early onset potential enables the construction of tandem PCE10:EH-IDTBR - BiVO4 artificial leaves, which couple unassisted syngas production with O2 evolution in a reactor completely powered by sunlight, sustaining a 1:1 ratio of CO to H2 over 96 h of operation.

6.
SAGE Open Med Case Rep ; 12: 2050313X241252745, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38756332

RESUMO

Nasal septal abscess is an uncommon otolaryngologic condition with little reported in the literature. Most commonly arising secondary to hematoma, idiopathic abscess formation is rare. A previously healthy 13-year-old male with no preceding nasal hematoma or trauma presented with rhinorrhea, nasal pain, and obstruction. Initial incision and drainage were not curative; the patient returned to care with complaints of new-onset headache. Neuroimaging revealed abscess recurrence alongside pansinusitis and epidural empyema. The patient was transferred to a tertiary care center for joint otolaryngologic and neurosurgical care. The patient's postoperative course was uncomplicated. Nasal septal abscesses have become increasingly uncommon, but they still occur. Prompt treatment is warranted to mitigate the potential risk of further intracranial spread and facial deformity, as seen in this case.

7.
Epidemiol Serv Saude ; 33: e20231075, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38808804

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the temporal trend of completeness and consistency of data on notifications of violence against indigenous women in the health macro-region of Dourados, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, between 2009 and 2020. METHODS: An ecological time series study was conducted using data from the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System; Prais-Winsten regression was used to analyze the trend of data completeness and consistency, as well as the proportion of completed and coherent fields. RESULTS: A total of 2,630 cases were reported; completeness was found to be very poor in the variable "occupation" (48.9%) and poor in the variables "schooling" (68.3%) and "time of occurrence" (67.9%); in the analysis of temporal trends, only the variable "occupation" showed a decreasing trend (p = 0.045). CONCLUSION: The data analyzed demonstrated the need for improvement in the completeness of the variables "schooling", "occupation" and "time of occurrence" of the violent act. MAIN RESULTS: There was a progressive increase in notifications over the years. Most of the variables showed regular or excellent completeness and consistency. In the analysis of temporal trend, only the "occupation" variable showed a decreasing trend. IMPLICATIONS FOR SERVICES: Care for victims of violence is part of the daily routine of health services, and it is essential for health professionals to provide adequate compulsory notification for a comprehensive understanding of the victims' profile, thus assisting in addressing this issue. PERSPECTIVES: Further studies are needed to understand the factors associated with violence against indigenous women, which could help the development of health promotion actions and violence prevention strategies targeting these women.


Assuntos
Violência , Humanos , Brasil , Feminino , Violência/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Tempo , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Violência de Gênero/estatística & dados numéricos , Povos Indígenas/estatística & dados numéricos , Escolaridade , Adulto , Sistemas de Informação
8.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 9643, 2024 04 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38670997

RESUMO

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is widely used for non-invasive retinal vascular imaging, but the OCTA methods used to assess retinal perfusion vary. We evaluated the different methods used to assess retinal perfusion between OCTA studies. MEDLINE and Embase were searched from 2014 to August 2021. We included prospective studies including ≥ 50 participants using OCTA to assess retinal perfusion in either global retinal or systemic disorders. Risk of bias was assessed using the National Institute of Health quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. Heterogeneity of data was assessed by Q statistics, Chi-square test, and I2 index. Of the 5974 studies identified, 191 studies were included in this evaluation. The selected studies employed seven OCTA devices, six macula volume dimensions, four macula subregions, nine perfusion analyses, and five vessel layer definitions, totalling 197 distinct methods of assessing macula perfusion and over 7000 possible combinations. Meta-analysis was performed on 88 studies reporting vessel density and foveal avascular zone area, showing lower retinal perfusion in patients with diabetes mellitus than in healthy controls, but with high heterogeneity. Heterogeneity was lowest and reported vascular effects strongest in superficial capillary plexus assessments. Systematic review of OCTA studies revealed massive heterogeneity in the methods employed to assess retinal perfusion, supporting calls for standardisation of methodology.


Assuntos
Vasos Retinianos , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/métodos , Humanos , Vasos Retinianos/diagnóstico por imagem , Angiofluoresceinografia/métodos , Angiografia/métodos
9.
Sci Total Environ ; 928: 172192, 2024 Jun 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38604363

RESUMO

Quantifying pollutant removal by stormwater wetlands requires intensive sampling which is cost-prohibitive for authorities responsible for a large number of wetlands. Wetland managers require simple indicators that provide a practical means of estimating performance and prioritising maintenance works across their asset base. We therefore aimed to develop vegetation cover and metrics derived from monitoring water level, as simple indicators of likely nutrient pollutant removal from stormwater wetlands. Over a two-year period, we measured vegetation cover and water levels at 17 wetlands and used both to predict nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal. Vegetation cover explained 48 % of variation in total nitrogen (TN) removal; with a linear relationship suggesting an approximate 9 % loss in TN removal per 10 % decrease in vegetation cover. Vegetation cover is therefore a useful indicator of TN removal. Further development of remotely-sensed data on vegetation configuration, species and condition will likely improve the accuracy of TN removal estimates. Total phosphorus (TP) removal was not predicted by vegetation cover, but was weakly related to the median water level which explained 25 % of variation TP removal. Despite weak prediction of TP removal, metrics derived from water level sensors identified faults such as excessive inflow and inefficient outflow, which in combination explained 50 % of the variation in the median water level. Monitoring water levels therefore has the potential to detect faults prior to loss of vegetation cover and therefore TN removal, as well as inform the corrective action required.

10.
Aust J Rural Health ; 32(3): 521-537, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38572851

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The Kimberley region of Western Australia (WA) is classified by the Modified Monash Model as MM6 & 7 ('Remote/Very Remote'). Many physiotherapists in the Kimberley are considered 'rural generalists' and require a diverse set of clinical and non-clinical skills to work successfully within this setting. OBJECTIVE: To understand physiotherapists' perspectives regarding job satisfaction within the Kimberley region a 'rural and remote' areas of Australia. DESIGN: An exploratory case study approach examined physiotherapists' job satisfaction in the Kimberley. Each participant completed a demographic survey and a one-on-one face-to-face interview lasting for approximately 60 minutes. Transcriptions were analysed and presented thematically. Eleven physiotherapists (nine women, two men, median age = 32 [27-60] years) participated in the study. Participants' median time working in the Kimberley was 2 (1-15) years; eight participants completed a rural placement, and eight participants had a rural background. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION: Two overarching themes relating to job satisfaction emerged: 'personal factors' and 'workplace factors'. Furthermore, several sub-themes illustrated high levels of job satisfaction. Positive sub-themes relating to personal factors included 'belonging to the community and a rural lifestyle'. 'Diversity in caseloads' and 'workplace culture' were examples of positive workplace sub-themes. Subthemes that challenged the participants personally were 'family arrangements' including schooling, 'spousal employment and family separation' and the 'transiency and social issues' within these remote communities. Workplace challenges comprised of 'barriers to providing best practice' and the 'workforce and clinical experience' found within the Kimberley physiotherapy community and the wider health care workforce. The primary challenge of job satisfaction that encompassed both personal and workplace factors was 'accommodation', with 'cost', 'lack of availability', and 'perceived unsafe location' challenging physiotherapists' decisions to remain in the Kimberley. CONCLUSION: This study describes the many factors impacting job satisfaction among physiotherapists in a rural and remote location in WA Australia. These factors warrant consideration by organisations interested in improving recruitment and retention in this context. Improving recruitment and retention in physiotherapists in rural and remote Australia has the potential to positively influence health service provision, and therefore improve health outcomes for those living in rural and remote communities.


Assuntos
Satisfação no Emprego , Fisioterapeutas , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Austrália Ocidental , Fisioterapeutas/psicologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Serviços de Saúde Rural/organização & administração , Inquéritos e Questionários
11.
Clin Neuroradiol ; 34(3): 563-575, 2024 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38453701

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Optimal clinical outcome with successful recanalization from endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) requires optimal blood pressure (BP) management. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the intensive BP target (< 140 mm Hg) versus the standard BP target (< 180 mm Hg) after EVT for acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) obtained from PubMed, Embase Cochrane, Scopus, and WOS until September 7th, 2023. We used the fixed-effect model to report dichotomous outcomes using risk ratio (RR) and continuous outcomes using mean difference (MD), with a 95% confidence interval (CI). PROSPERO ID: CRD42023463206. RESULTS: We included four RCTs with 1559 patients. There was no difference between intensive BP and standard BP targets regarding the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) change after 24 h [MD: 0.44 with 95% CI (0.0, 0.87), P = 0.05]. However, the intensive BP target was significantly associated with a decreased risk of excellent neurological recovery (mRS ≤ 1) [RR: 0.87 with 95% CI (0.76, 0.99), P = 0.03], functional independence (mRS ≤ 2) [RR: 0.81 with 95% CI (0.73, 0.90), P = 0.0001] and independent ambulation (mRS ≤ 3) [RR: 0.85 with 95% CI (0.79, 0.92), P < 0.0001]. CONCLUSIONS: An intensive BP target after EVT is associated with worse neurological recovery and significantly decreased rates of functional independence and independent ambulation compared to the standard BP target. Therefore, the intensive BP target should be avoided after EVT for acute ischemic stroke.


Assuntos
Procedimentos Endovasculares , AVC Isquêmico , Trombectomia , Humanos , Trombectomia/métodos , AVC Isquêmico/cirurgia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Pressão Sanguínea , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto
13.
Nat Biotechnol ; 2024 Jan 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38168989

RESUMO

We introduce metaMDBG, a metagenomics assembler for PacBio HiFi reads. MetaMDBG combines a de Bruijn graph assembly in a minimizer space with an iterative assembly over sequences of minimizers to address variations in genome coverage depth and an abundance-based filtering strategy to simplify strain complexity. For complex communities, we obtained up to twice as many high-quality circularized prokaryotic metagenome-assembled genomes as existing methods and had better recovery of viruses and plasmids.

14.
Epidemiol. serv. saúde ; 33: e20231075, 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1557744

RESUMO

Abstract Objective: To analyze the temporal trend of completeness and consistency of data on notifications of violence against indigenous women in the health macro-region of Dourados, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, between 2009 and 2020. Methods: An ecological time series study was conducted using data from the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System; Prais-Winsten regression was used to analyze the trend of data completeness and consistency, as well as the proportion of completed and coherent fields. Results: A total of 2,630 cases were reported; completeness was found to be very poor in the variable "occupation" (48.9%) and poor in the variables "schooling" (68.3%) and "time of occurrence" (67.9%); in the analysis of temporal trends, only the variable "occupation" showed a decreasing trend (p = 0.045). Conclusion: The data analyzed demonstrated the need for improvement in the completeness of the variables "schooling", "occupation" and "time of occurrence" of the violent act.


Resumen Objetivo: Analizar la tendencia temporal en el grado de completitud y consistencia de los datos de notificación sobre violencia contra mujeres indígenas en la macrorregión sanitaria de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, entre los años 2009-2020. Métodos: Estudio de series de tiempo ecológicas con datos del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria; se utilizó la regresión de Prais-Winsten para analizar la tendencia de completitud; para mantener la coherencia, se utilizó la proporción de campos completados y coherentes. Resultados: Se notificaron 2.630 casos; la exhaustividad fue muy pobre en la variable ocupación (48,9%) y pobre en las variables educación (68,3%) y tiempo de ocurrencia (67,9%); en el análisis de tendencia temporal, sólo la variable ocupación mostró una tendencia decreciente (p = 0,045). Conclusión: Los datos analizados demuestran la necesidad de mejorar la completitud de las variables educación, ocupación y tiempo de ocurrencia del acto violento.


Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal do grau de completitude e a consistência dos dados de notificação de violência contra as mulheres indígenas da macrorregião de saúde de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, entre os anos de 2009 e 2020. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de série temporal, sobre dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação; utilizou-se a regressão de Prais-Winsten para analisar a tendência da completitude dos dados e sua consistência, a proporção de campos preenchidos e coerentes. Resultados: Foram notificados 2.630 casos; a completitude revelou-se muito ruim na variável "ocupação" (48,9%) e ruim nas variáveis "escolaridade" (68,3%) e "hora da ocorrência" (67,9%); na análise de tendência temporal, apenas a variável "ocupação" apresentou tendência de redução (p = 0,045). Conclusão: Os dados analisados demonstraram a necessidade de melhoria na completitude das variáveis "escolaridade", "ocupação" e "hora da ocorrência" do ato violento.

15.
Diseases ; 11(4)2023 Dec 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38131989

RESUMO

Istaroxime, an intravenous inotropic agent with a dual mechanism-increasing both cardiomyocyte contractility and relaxation-is a novel treatment for acute heart failure (AHF), the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in heart failure. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis that synthesized randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which were retrieved by systematically searching PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Cochrane until 24 April 2023. We used a fixed-effect or random-effect model-according to heterogeneity-to pool dichotomous data using the risk ratio (RR) and continuous data using the mean difference (MD), with a 95% confidence interval (CI). We included three RCTs with a total of 300 patients. Istaroxime was significantly associated with an increased left ventricular ejection fraction (mL) (MD: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.29, 1.82; p = 0.007), stroke volume index (MD: 3.04, 95% CI: 2.41, 3.67; p = 0.00001), and cardiac index (L/min/m2) (MD: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.11, 025; p = 0.00001). Also, istaroxime was significantly associated with a decreased E/A ratio (MD: -0.39, 95% CI: -0.58, -0.19; p = 0.0001) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (mmHg) (MD: 2.30, 95% CI: 3.20, 1.40; p = 0.00001). Istaroxime was significantly associated with increased systolic blood pressure (mmHg) (MD: 5.32, 95% CI: 2.28, 8.37; p = 0.0006) and decreased heart rate (bpm) (MD: -3.05, 95% CI: -5.27, -0.82; p = 0.007). Since istaroxime improved hemodynamic and echocardiographic parameters, it constitutes a promising strategy for AHF management. However, the current literature is limited to a small number of RCTs, warranting further large-scale phase III trials before clinical endorsement.

16.
Preprint em Inglês | bioRxiv | ID: ppbiorxiv-521044

RESUMO

This study describes the cell-free biomanufacturing of a broad-spectrum antiviral protein, griffithsin (GRFT) such that it can be produced with consistent purity and potency in less than 24 hours. We demonstrate GRFT production using two independent cell-free systems, one plant and one microbial. Griffithsin purity and quality were verified using standard regulatory metrics. Efficacy was demonstrated in vitro against SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1 and was nearly identical to that of GRFT expressed in vivo. The proposed production process is efficient and can be readily scaled up and deployed anywhere in the world where a viral pathogen might emerge. The current emergence of viral variants has resulted in frequent updating of existing vaccines and loss of efficacy for front-line monoclonal antibody therapies. Proteins such as GRFT with its efficacious and broad virus neutralizing capability provide a compelling pandemic mitigation strategy to promptly suppress viral emergence at the source of an outbreak.

17.
JMIR Biomed Eng ; 6(2): e23495, 2021 May 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38907382

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) have the potential to lower the patient mortality and morbidity rates. However, signal artifacts present in physiological data affect the reliability and accuracy of the CDSS. Moreover, patient monitors and other medical devices generate false alarms while processing physiological data, further leading to alarm fatigue because of increased noise levels, staff disruption, and staff desensitization in busy critical care environments. This adversely affects the quality of care at the patient bedside. Hence, artifact detection (AD) algorithms play a crucial role in assessing the quality of physiological data and mitigating the impact of these artifacts. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate a novel AD framework for integrating AD algorithms with CDSS. We designed the framework with features that support real-time implementation within critical care. In this study, we evaluated the framework and its features in a false alarm reduction study. We developed static framework component models, followed by dynamic framework compositions to formulate four CDSS. We evaluated these formulations using neonatal patient data and validated the six framework features: flexibility, reusability, signal quality indicator standardization, scalability, customizability, and real-time implementation support. METHODS: We developed four exemplar static AD components with standardized requirements and provisions interfaces that facilitate the interoperability of framework components. These AD components were mixed and matched into four different AD compositions to mitigate the artifacts' effects. We developed a novel static clinical event detection component that is integrated with each AD composition to formulate and evaluate a dynamic CDSS for peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) alarm generation. This study collected data from 11 patients with diverse pathologies in the neonatal intensive care unit. Collected data streams and corresponding alarms include pulse rate and SpO2 measured from a pulse oximeter (Masimo SET SmartPod) integrated with an Infinity Delta monitor and the heart rate derived from electrocardiography leads attached to a second Infinity Delta monitor. RESULTS: A total of 119 SpO2 alarms were evaluated. The lowest achievable SpO2 false alarm rate was 39%, with a sensitivity of 80%. This demonstrates the framework's utility in identifying the best possible dynamic composition to serve the clinical need for false SpO2 alarm reduction and subsequent alarm fatigue, given the limitations of a small sample size. CONCLUSIONS: The framework features, including reusability, signal quality indicator standardization, scalability, and customizability, allow the evaluation and comparison of novel CDSS formulations. The optimal solution for a CDSS can then be hard-coded and integrated within clinical workflows for real-time implementation. The flexibility to serve different clinical needs and standardized component interoperability of the framework supports the potential for a real-time clinical implementation of AD.

18.
Preprint em Inglês | medRxiv | ID: ppmedrxiv-20186783

RESUMO

There is an urgent need to identify therapies to prevent and treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. We performed a statistical evaluation of in vitro gene expression profiles reflecting exposure to 1,835 drugs, and found topoisomerase inhibitors and PI3K/mTOR pathway inhibitors among the strongest candidates for reduced expression of ACE2, a host gene associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Retrospective clinical data suggest that patients on these agents may be less likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2.

19.
Rev. biol. trop ; 63(supl.1): 117-129, abr. 2015. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-958131

RESUMO

Resumen Desde 2006 a 2012, la anidación de la tortuga lora (Lepidochelys olivacea) fue monitoreada en bahía Drake, un enclave reconocido internacionalmente por su excelente oferta eco-turística que se localiza en la región noroeste de la península de Osa. Sorprendentemente, esta área dispone de playas de anidación solitaria de tortuga lora que han permanecido casi desadvertidas hasta fechas recientes. Durante este periodo de monitoreo, 958 nidos fueron registrados en playa Drake (promedio anual: 136.9; densidad: 3.80 nidos/100m de playa), de los cuales 363 (37.9%) fueron reubicados a un vivero. Antes de 2006, la pérdida anual de nidos fue superior al 85% debido al saqueo en playa; desde 2006, el porcentaje del saqueo de nidos se mantuvo en un promedio del 10.1%. Además, un total de 335 hembras fueron identificadas con placas metálicas; el promedio de la longitud curva del caparazón fue de 66.1cm; el promedio del ancho curvo del caparazón fue de 70.2cm, y el tamaño promedio por nidada fue de 96.3 huevos. El promedio del éxito de eclosión para los nidos reubicados en vivero fue de 79.2%, y más de 61 000 neonatos fueron liberados al mar durante este periodo. Este proyecto es un ejemplo de una iniciativa exitosa de conservación, eco-turismo y desarrollo comunitario.


Abstract The nesting of the Olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) sea turtle was studied from 2006 to 2012 in Drake Bay, Costa Rica, an important solitary nesting site and center of eco-tourism in the Osa Peninsula. During this period, 958 nests were recorded (mean: 136.9 nests per season; density: 3.8 nests/100m of beach per season), of which 38% were relocated to a hatchery. The incidence of poaching was reduced from 85% in 2005 to a mean of 10.1% from 2006-2012. A total of 335 nesting females were tagged; the mean curved length of carapace was 66.1cm, the mean curved width was 70.2cm, and the mean number of eggs per nest was 96.3. A mean rate of reproductive success of 79.2% was obtained and over 61 000 hatchlings were liberated from the hatchery. This project is an example of a successful community-based conservation and eco-tourism initiative. Rev. Biol. Trop. 63 (Suppl. 1): 117-129. Epub 2015 April 01.


Assuntos
Tartarugas/classificação , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais/economia , Costa Rica
20.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 28(2): 20-25, mayo-ago. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-61096

RESUMO

En España, la producción total de bebidas refrescantes en 2005 ascendió a 4.887 millones de litros. Estos datos representan un incremento del 2,5 % con respecto al año 2004. Del total de la producción industrial,98822 litros (2,02%) corresponden a bebidas refrescantes tipo tónica. En términos toxicológicos el consumo de quinina debe ser evitado por mujeres embarazadas, individuos con cuadro de fallo hepático y muy especialmente por niños. Se han descrito incluso episodios de alergias y shocks anafilácticos derivados de una única ingesta de esta sustancia. Ya el consumo de quinina en dosis excesivas, puede causar un cuadro de intoxicación reversible denominado cinchonismo. Creemos necesario una regulación más específica y mayor información para los consumidores, especialmente para ciertos grupos de riesgo. De los resultados de muestras analizadas en España, tanto de la concentración hallada como de las normas relativas a su etiquetado, se desprende que no hay una concentración homogénea de la substancia analizada, ni un cumplimiento de la legislación establecida (AU)


In Spain, total production of soft drinks in 2005 amounted to 4887 million liters. These, represent an increase of 2.5% compared to the year 2004. Of the total industrial output, 98,822 liters (2.02%) corresponding to soft drinks type tonic water. Toxicologically, quinine is important and should be avoided by pregnant women and people with hepatic failure, and remains a potentially extremely toxic agent in children. Also allergy to quinine and anaphylactic shock after drinking a glass of tonic water has been described. The use of quinine in therapeutic or excessive consumes may cause cinchonism syndrome. We believe there is a need for more extensive information for risk groups and to raise awareness among consumers about possible adverse reactions to quinine. Data show that quinine concentrations in the analyzed beverages from Spain is variable. Soft drinks from different manufactures do not always comply with the labelling directive (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Legislação sobre Alimentos , Bebidas Gaseificadas , Quinina/toxicidade , Quinina/química , Espanha
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