Effective Evaluation of Medical Images Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques.

This work is implemented for the management of patients with epilepsy, and methods based on electroencephalography (EEG) analysis have been proposed for the timely prediction of its occurrence. The proposed system is used for crisis detection and prediction system; it is useful for both patients and medical staff to know their status easily and more accurately. In the treatment of Parkinson's disease, the affected patients with Parkinson's disease can assess the prognostic risk factors, and the symptoms are evaluated to predict rapid progression in the early stages after diagnosis. The presented seizure prediction system introduces deep learning algorithms into EEG score analysis. This proposed work long short-term memory (LSTM) network model is mainly implemented for the identification and classification of qualitative patterns in the EEG of patients. While compared with other techniques like deep learning models such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and traditional machine learning algorithms, the proposed LSTM model plays a significant role in predicting impending crises over 4 different qualifying intervals from 10 minutes to 1.5 hours with very few wrong predictions.

A rare case of sacral metastasis of unknown follicular thyroid carcinoma radiologically mimicking as chordoma.

Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) presenting as an isolated spinal metastasis with features of compression myelopathy is extremely rare with <10 cases reported in world literature. FTC is the second most common thyroid cancer with an indolent course. It predominantly occurs in females. The most common route of metastasis is through hematogenous routes to lung, liver, bones, etc., Herein we report a case of 47-year-old female presented with lesion involving sacral vertebrae and biopsy showing metastatic follicular carcinoma with morphology and immunohistochemistry of thyroid gland. The present case highlights the rarity of FTC to present as upfront solitary vertebral metastases with history of prior hemithyroidectomy. All the cases of spinal mass should be evaluated thoroughly to exclude any metastatic deposits.

Meta-analysis on the effect of dopexamine on in-hospital mortality.

The objective of the study was to determine whether dopexamine alters in-hospital mortality. The following databases were searched, Embase (1974-July 2007), Medline (1950-July 2007), CINAHL, PubMed and Cochrane Clinical Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Two reviewers independently checked the quality of the studies and extracted data. Six randomised controlled trials totalling 935 patients were included. Mortality was not significantly different with dopexamine treatment (relative risk 0.75, 95% confidence interval 0.48-1.18, p = 0.22). In conclusion, dopexamine does not improve in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery and in the critically ill.

Physico-chemical characteristics of paper industry effluents--a case study.

This paper presents the characteristics of wastewater from a small paper mill which is using wastepaper as a raw material. After analysis it was found that the raw wastewater consisted of 202-294 mg/l and 2010-3200 mg/l of suspended and dissolved solids respectively while pH varied from 6.7-7.3. The BOD and COD values ranged from 210-310, 1680-2340 mg/l respectively. Due to the treatment of raw effluent, the SS and TDS of treated effluent were significantly decreased and the values ranged in between 118 mg L(-1) to 154 mg L(-1) and 645 mg L(-1) to 925 mg L(-1), respectively. The pH values of the treated effluent were higher than the raw effluent. The nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium content of treated effluent were found to be higher after the treatment of paper mill raw effluent. The low amount of nutrient content may be because of the use of chemicals in process section which do not contain such elements. The sodium, calcium and magnesium were found higher in treated effluent, which may be due to addition of chemicals during the pulping and production section.

Increased marine production of N2O due to intensifying anoxia on the Indian continental shelf.

Eutrophication of surface waters and hypoxia in bottom waters has been increasing in many coastal areas, leading to very large depletions of marine life in the affected regions. These areas of high surface productivity and low bottom-water oxygen concentration are caused by increasing runoff of nutrients from land. Although the local ecological and socio-economic effects have received much attention, the potential contribution of increasing hypoxia to global-change phenomena is unknown. Here we report the intensification of one of the largest low-oxygen zones in the ocean, which develops naturally over the western Indian continental shelf during late summer and autumn. We also report the highest accumulations yet observed of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and nitrous oxide (N2O) in open coastal waters. Increased N2O production is probably caused by the addition of anthropogenic nitrate and its subsequent denitrification, which is favoured by hypoxic conditions. We suggest that a global expansion of hypoxic zones may lead to an increase in marine production and emission of N2O, which, as a potent greenhouse gas, could contribute significantly to the accumulation of radiatively active trace gases in the atmosphere.