Comparação da evolução de lesões HPV-induzidas de alto grau de colo uterino entre pacientes HIV-positivo e HIV-negativo: um estudo de coorte de 10 anos / Comparison of the evolution of induced HPV lesions of high grade of the uterine cervix between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients, treated in 2008 to 2017, for a period of 10 years

No Brasil, o câncer de colo de útero é a segunda causa de morte por neoplasias malignas ginecológicas na mulher. É uma preocupação crescente para as pessoas infectadas pelo HIV. O câncer de colo de útero é considerado uma doença definidora de AIDS. Objetivos: Comparar a evolução de lesões HPV-induzidas de alto grau de colo uterino entre pacientes HIV+ e HIV-. Métodos: Incluídas pacientes HIV+ e HIV- de uma coorte após terem sido submetidas à conização e acompanhadas por até 10 anos do programa de rastreamento de lesões cervicais de alto grau do município de Itajaí ­ SC e no Hospital AC Camargo ­ SP, e seguidas por período de 10 anos. Realizou-se a avaliação da evolução das lesões HPV-induzidas em mulheres infectadas pelo HIV, em comparação com a população em geral. Os grupos foram comparados considerando-se variáveis de dados clínicos, cirúrgicos e anatomopatológicos. Estudadas as variáveis possivelmente confundidoras: idade no tratamento e ao final do seguimento, grau histológico da doença intraepitelial tratada, comprometimento de margens, adequação da colposcopia no seguimento, contagem de linfócitos CD4+, adesão a terapia antirretroviral e recorrência o diagnóstico histopatológico de LIEAG. Resultados: Das 195 pacientes, 51 eram HIV+ (26,2%) e 144 HIV- (73,8%). A idade da menarca e da sexarca foram mais precoces para as HIV+. Paridade e número de gestações em maior número para HIV+. A escolaridade foi menor para HIV+. O tabagismo foi mais frequente entre HIV+. Margem cirúrgica comprometida encontrada em 33,3% das HIV+ e em 16,7% das HIV-. Risco de recorrência de 37,3% HIV+ e 13,9% para HIV-. Sobrevida menor para HIV+. Conclusão: Mulheres HIV+ nesta coorte apresentaram risco de recorrência significativamente maior do que mulheres HIV+, além de menor sobrevida geral

Context: In Brazil, cervical-uterine cancer is the second leading cause of death from malignant neoplasms in women. It is a growing concern for people infected with HIV. Cervical cancer is considered an AIDS-defining disease. Objectives: To compare the evolution of high-grade HPV-induced cervical lesions between HIV+ and HIV- patients. Methods: HIV+ and HIV- patients were included in a cohort after undergoing EZT (excision of the transformation zone) in the period from: 01/01/2008 to 12/31/2017 participants in the high-grade cervical lesions screening program in the municipality of Itajaí ­ SC and at Hospital AC Camargo ­ SP for a period of 10 years. An evaluation of the evolution of HPV lesions induced in HIV-infected women was carried out, in comparison with the general population. The possibly confounding variables were studied: age at treatment and at the end of follow-up, histological grade of treated intraepithelial disease, compromised margins, adequacy of colposcopy during follow-up, CD4+ lymphocyte count, adherence to antiretroviral therapy and recurrence of the histopathological diagnosis of SAIL. Results: Of the 195 patients, 51 were HIV+ (26.2%) and 144 HIV- (73.8%). The age of menarche and sexarche were earlier for HIV+ women. Parity and number of pregnancies in greater numbers for HIV+. Schooling was lower for HIV+. Smoking was more frequent among HIV+. Compromised surgical margin found in 33.3% of HIV+ and 16.7% of HIV-. Recurrence risk of 37.3% for HIV+ and 13.9% for HIV-. Shorter survival for HIV+. Conclusion: HIV+ women in this cohort had a significantly higher risk of recurrence than HIV+ women, in addition to lower overall survival

Involvement of a neutrophil-mast cell axis in the effects of Piper malacophyllum (C. PESL) C. DC extract and its isolated compounds in a mouse model of dysmenorrhoea.

The effects of Piper malacophyllum (C. Pesl) C. DC extracts and its isolated compounds were analysed in a mouse model of primary dysmenorrhoea (PD). Female Swiss mice (6-8 weeks old) on proestrus were intraperitoneally treated with estradiol benzoate for 3 days, to induce PD. Twenty-four hours later, animals were treated 24 h later with vehicle, plant extract, gibbilimbol B, 4,6-dimethoxy-5-E-phenylbutenolide, mixture of 4,6-dimethoxy-5-E-phenylbutenolide and 4,6-dimethoxy-5-Z-phenylbutenolide, or ibuprofen. One hour later, oxytocin was injected and the numbers of abdominal writhing were counted. Then, mice were euthanized and uteri were collected for morphometrical and histological analyses. The effects of P. malacophyllum in inflammation were investigated in mouse peritoneal neutrophils culture stimulated with LPS or fMLP (chemotaxis and mediator release). Finally, uterus contractile and relaxing responses were assessed. Similar to ibuprofen, P. malacophyllum extract and isolated compounds reduced abdominal writhing in mice with PD. Histology indicated a marked neutrophil and mast cell infiltrate in the uterus of PD animals which was attenuated by the extract. The compounds and the extract reduced neutrophil chemotaxis and inflammatory mediator release by these cells. Reduced TNF levels were also observed in uteri of PD mice treated with P. malacophyllum. The extract did not affect spontaneous uterine contractions nor those induced by carbachol or KCl. However, it caused relaxation of oxytocin-induced uterine contraction, an effect blunted by H1 receptor antagonist. Overall the results indicate that P. malacophyllum may represent interesting natural tools for reliving PD symptoms, reducing the triad of pain, inflammation and spasmodic uterus behaviour.

Effect of Synadenium grantii and its isolated compound on dysmenorrhea behavior model in mice.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the methanol extract of Synadenium grantii Hook f. stems and its main isolated compound Query3,4,12,13-tetraacetylforbol-20-phenylacetate (1) on experimental dysmenorrhea in mice. METHODS: Female Swiss mice (n = 6-15) of 6-8 weeks old were used, selected according to the period of the estrous cycle. Animals in proestrus were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 3 days with estradiol. They orally received, on the 4th day, S. grantii extract, the compound 1, ibuprofen or hyoscine butylbromide (Buscopan compound®). Then they were injected (i.p.) with oxytocin 1 h later and individually observed regarding the abdominal writhing for 45 min. The uterus was weighed, photographed and fixed in paraffin for histological analysis. KEY FINDINGS: The extract inhibited the abdominal writhing and similar results were obtained with compound 1 and the positive control drugs Ibuprofen and hyoscine butylbromide. Reduction of uterus volume and histological inflammatory parameters, such as oedema and leukocyte infiltrate, were observed in animals treated with the extract and compound 1. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show promising activity of the extract against dysmenorrhea, indicating important anti-inflammatory activity. Compound 1 appears to be, at least in part, the main responsible for this promising biological effect.