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Aim To investigate whether resveratrol (Resveratrol, Res) induces cardiomyocyte protection by increasing intracellular zinc ion and its possible signal mechanism. Methods H9c2 cells were routinely cultured and 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) was used to establish an endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) model. The experiment was randomly divided into control group, 2-DG group, Res +2-DG group, TPEN + Res + 2-DG group and 3-MA + Res +2-DG group. Cell viability was detected by MTT and CCK-8; the expression levels of ERS molecular chaperone proteins glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) and autophagy proteins LC3 II / I, p62 and p-AMPK were detected by Western blot; the expression of LC3 protein was measured by cellular immunofluorescence; the mitochondrial membrane potential (Aijjm) and the intracellular zinc ion level were measured by laser scanning confocal microscope. Results Compared with the control group, 2-DG reduced cell activity and resveratrol inhibited the changes caused by 2-DG, which was reversed by zinc chelator TPEN. 2-DG increased GRP78 and GRP94 expression and resveratrol inhibited the protein changes caused by 2-DG, which was reversed by TPEN. 2-DG increased the expression of LC3 II / I, p-AMPK and decreased the expression of p62, and resveratrol promoted the effect of 2-DG. 2-DG increased the fluorescence intensity of LC3, and resveratrol enhanced the effect of 2-DG, which was reversed by TPEN and 3-MA. 2-DG reduced the red fluorescence intensity of mitochondrial TMRE and green fluorescence intensity of intracellular zinc ions, and resveratrol inhibited these changes caused by 2-DG, which was also reversed by TPEN and 3-MA. The above differences were all statistically significant (P < 0. 05). Conclusion Resveratrol increases intracellular zinc to promote ERS-induced autophagy and prevent the mPTP opening in H9c2 cardiac cells.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of high intensity interval training(HIIT)on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Methods Published articles from the earliest date available to September the first,2016 were recalled from PubMed,Em-base,Cochrane Library,EBSCO,Web of Science,CNKI and CBM Database.Two reviewers selected indepen-dently the randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about HIIT for patients with T2DM,and extracted data indepen-dently and analyzed with RevMan 5.3. Results Eight trials that represented 275 participants were evaluated.HIIT could significantly improve glycated hemo-globin(SMD=-0.72,95%CI-1.39~-0.04,P=0.04)and body mass index(MD=-0.60,95%CI-1.03~-0.18,P=0.005)more than the control group,but no difference was found in the levels of fasting blood-glucose,fasting in-sulin,insulin resistance,and indexes of blood fat,body mass,body fat mass and waist circumference(P>0.05). Conclusion There is no evidence showed that HIIT is more effective on blood glucose,blood fat and body composition in the patients with T2DM,which needs further research.
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BACKGROUND: Acupuncture is a common treatment for urinary retention after spinal cord injury. It has been widely used in the clinical treatment of urinary retention after spinal cord injury due to its small side effects and simple operation. However, there is a lack of evidence-based medicine. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effectiveness of acupuncture for urinary retention in patients with spinal cord injury by a systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS: A computer-based online retrieval of CBM, CNKI, WanFang, Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases was performed. The keywords were "spinal cord injury, neurogenic bladder, acupuncture" in English and Chinese, respectively. RCTs concerning acupuncture or acupuncture combined with conventional therapy were identified and a Meta-analysis was conducted on RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nine RCTs involving 632 participants were included. In terms of urodynamic changes, compared with the control group,acupuncture was more effective in improving the residual urine volume[mean difference(MD)=-144.26,95% confidence interval(CI)(-252.15,-36.37),P=0.009]and maximum cystometric capacity[MD=35.69,95%CI(3.15,68.22),P=0.03].However,there were no significant differences between two groups for average daily number of urination[MD=-1.66,95% CI(-3.40,0.07),P=0.06].Concerning total effective rate,acupuncture was more effective than control group[RR=1.24,95%CI(1.11,1.37),P<0.0001].To conclude,compared with the conventional therapy, acupuncture is more effective in improving residual urine volume, maximum cystometric capacity and total effective rate for urinary retention in patients with spinal cord injury.
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Acteoside and echinacoside are the major active components of Herba Cistanches. Facilitated ß-glucosidation was investigated as a means of increasing harvest of acteoside from Cistanche tubulosa. Fresh Cistanche tubulosa was treated by microwave moisture processing to inactivate enzymes. ß-Glucosidase is capable of hydrolyzing echinacoside for the production of acteoside, so six ß-glucosidases were compared for their efficiency, specific activities and kinetic parameters for conversion to acteoside. The acteoside and echinacoside content was found to be higher after microwave processing than by other previously reported methods. The results showed that ß-glucosidase isolated from microorganisms (Trichoderma sp.) had highly specific activity towards echinacoside, and there was a 4.83 fold increase in the concentration of acteoside after an incubation period of 2 h. This is the first report of the potential application of ß-glucosidases for the facilitated conversion of echinacoside to acteoside in Herba Cistanches extract.
