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The analysis of ammonia nitrogen in real water samples is challenging due to matrix interferences and difficulties for rapid on-site analysis.On the basis of the standard method,i.e.water quality-determination of ammonia nitrogen-salicylic acid spectrophotometry(HJ 536-2009),a simple device for online detecting ammonia nitrogen was developed using a sequential injection analysis(SIA)system in this work.The ammonia nitrogen transformation system,color reaction system,and detection system were built in compatible with the SIA system,respectively.In particular,the detection system was assembled by employing light-emitting diode as the light source,photodiode as the detector,and polyvinylchloride tube as the cuvette,thus significantly reducing the volume,energy consumption and fabricating cost of the detection system.As a result,the accurate analysis of ammonia nitrogen in complex water samples was achieved.A quantitative detection of ammonia nitrogen in water sample was obtained in 12 min,along with linear range extending to 1000 μmol/L,precisions(Relative standard deviation,RSD)of 4.3%(C=10 μmol/L,n=7)and 4.2%(C=500 μmol/L,n=7),and limit of detection(LOD)of 0.65 μmol/L(S/N=3,n=7).The results of interfering experiments showed that the detection of ammonia nitrogen by the developed device was not interfered by the common coexisting ions and components,therefore the environmental water could be directly analyzed,such as reservoir water,domestic sewage,sea water and leachate of waste landfill.The analytical results were consistent with those obtained by the environmental protection standard method(Water quality determination of ammonia nitrogen-salicylic acid spectrophotometry,HJ 536-2009).In addition,the spiking recoveries were in the range of 92.3%-98.1%,further confirming the accuracy and practicality of the developed device.
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OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the associations of lipid indicators and mortality in Beijing Elderly Comprehensive Health Cohort Study.@*METHODS@#A prospective cohort was conducted based on Beijing Elderly Comprehensive Health Cohort Study with 4499 community older adults. After the baseline survey, the last follow-up was March 31, 2021 with an average 8.13 years of follow-up. Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) with 95% CI for cardiovascular disease (CVD) death and all-cause death in associations with baseline lipid indicators.@*RESULTS@#A total of 4499 participants were recruited, and the mean levels of uric acid, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) showed an upward trend with the increasing remnant cholesterol (RC) quarters (Ptrend < 0.05), while the downward trend was found in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). During the total 36,596 person-years follow-up, the CVD mortality and all-cause mortality during an average 8.13 years of follow-up was 3.87% (95% CI: 3.30%-4.43%) and 14.83% (95% CI: 13.79%-15.86%) with 174 CVD death participants and 667 all-cause death participants. After adjusting for confounders, the higher level of TC (HR = 0.854, 95% CI: 0.730-0.997), LDL-C (HR = 0.817, 95% CI: 0.680-0.982) and HDL-C (HR = 0.443, 95% CI: 0.271-0.724) were associated with lower risk of CVD death, and the higher level of HDL-C (HR = 0.637, 95% CI: 0.501-0.810) were associated with lower risk of all-cause death. The higher level of RC (HR = 1.276, 95% CI: 1.010-1.613) increase the risk of CVD death. Compared with the normal lipid group, TC ≥ 6.20 mmol/L group and LDL-C ≥ 4.10 mmol/L group were no longer associated with lower risk of CVD death, while RC ≥ 0.80 mmol/L group was still associated with higher risk of CVD death. In normal lipid group, the higher levels of TC, LDL-C and HDL-C were related with lower CVD death.@*CONCLUSIONS@#In community older adults, higher levels of TC and HDL-C were associated with lower CVD mortality in normal lipid reference range. Higher RC was associated with higher CVD mortality, which may be a better lipid indicator for estimating the CVD death risk in older adults.
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Objective: To examine the association between smoking status and related mortality among elderly people aged 60 and above in urban and rural areas of Beijing City. Methods: Based on Beijing City Elderly Comprehensive Health Cohort Study from 2009 to 2014, a total of 4 499 eligible older adults included in the baseline survey were followed up and investigated to collect information on survival and death. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and the dose-response relationship was estimated between the smoking index, the years of quitting and mortality. Results: The median (IQR) age of 4 499 subjects was 70.00 (10.00) years old, including 1 814 (40.32%) males. The proportion of non-smokers, former smokers and current smokers was 69.50% (3 127/4 499), 13.20% (594/4 499) and 17.30% (778/4 499), respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors such as demographic and sociological characteristics, lifestyle, etc., the results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that, compared to non-smokers, former smokers had a 30.6% increased risk of all-cause mortality [HR (95%CI): 1.306 (1.043-1.636)] and the HR (95%CI) of all-cause, malignant tumor and lung cancer mortality among current smokers has increased by 50.0% [HR (95%CI): 1.500 (1.199-1.877)], 80.3% [HR (95%CI): 1.803 (1.226-2.652)] and 212.6% [HR (95%CI): 3.126 (1.626-6.012)], respectively. The smoking index was positively associated with the increased risk of all-cause, malignant tumor and lung cancer mortality, while the years of smoking cessation were negatively associated with that risk (P<0.05). Conclusion: Smoking is associated with tobacco-related mortality among elderly people in Beijing City.
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Idoso , Masculino , Humanos , Criança , Feminino , Pequim , Estudos de Coortes , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Fumar , Fumar TabacoRESUMO
Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics of epileptic seizure associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Methods: From January 2017 to July 2023 at Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, medical records of patients with both NF1 and epileptic seizure were reviewed in this case series study. The clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively. Results: A total of 15 patients(12 boys and 3 girls) were collected. Café-au-lait macules were observed in all 15 patients. There were 6 patients with neurodevelopmental disorders and the main manifestations were intellectual disability or developmental delay. The age at the first epileptic seizure was 2.5 (1.2, 5.5) years. There were various seizure types, including generalized tonic-clonic seizures in 8 patients, focal motor seizures in 6 patients, epileptic spasm in 4 patients, tonic seizures in 1 patient, absence in 1 patient, generalized myoclonic seizure in 1 patient and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure in 1 patient. Among 14 patients whose brain magnetic resonance imaging results were available, there were abnormal signals in corpus callosum, basal ganglia, thalamus or cerebellum in 6 patients, dilated ventricles of different degrees in 3 patients, blurred gray and white matter boundary in 2 patients, agenesis of corpus callosum in 1 patient and no obvious abnormalities in the other patients. Among 13 epilepsy patients, 8 were seizure-free with 1 or 2 antiseizure medications(ASM), 1 with drug resistant epilepsy was seizure-free after left temporal lobectomy, and the other 4 patients who have received 2 to 9 ASM had persistent seizures. One patient with complex febrile convulsion achieved seizure freedom after oral administration of diazepam on demand. One patient had only 1 unprovoked epileptic seizure and did not have another seizure without taking any ASM. Conclusions: The first epileptic seizure in NF1 patients usually occurs in infancy and early childhood, with the main seizure type of generalized tonic-clonic seizure and focal motor seizure. Some patients have intellectual disability or developmental delay. Most epilepsy patients achieve seizure freedom with ASM.
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Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Neurofibromatose 1/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Deficiência Intelectual , Eletroencefalografia , Epilepsia/etiologia , Convulsões/etiologiaRESUMO
Objective: To examine the association between smoking status and related mortality among elderly people aged 60 and above in urban and rural areas of Beijing City. Methods: Based on Beijing City Elderly Comprehensive Health Cohort Study from 2009 to 2014, a total of 4 499 eligible older adults included in the baseline survey were followed up and investigated to collect information on survival and death. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and the dose-response relationship was estimated between the smoking index, the years of quitting and mortality. Results: The median (IQR) age of 4 499 subjects was 70.00 (10.00) years old, including 1 814 (40.32%) males. The proportion of non-smokers, former smokers and current smokers was 69.50% (3 127/4 499), 13.20% (594/4 499) and 17.30% (778/4 499), respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors such as demographic and sociological characteristics, lifestyle, etc., the results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that, compared to non-smokers, former smokers had a 30.6% increased risk of all-cause mortality [HR (95%CI): 1.306 (1.043-1.636)] and the HR (95%CI) of all-cause, malignant tumor and lung cancer mortality among current smokers has increased by 50.0% [HR (95%CI): 1.500 (1.199-1.877)], 80.3% [HR (95%CI): 1.803 (1.226-2.652)] and 212.6% [HR (95%CI): 3.126 (1.626-6.012)], respectively. The smoking index was positively associated with the increased risk of all-cause, malignant tumor and lung cancer mortality, while the years of smoking cessation were negatively associated with that risk (P<0.05). Conclusion: Smoking is associated with tobacco-related mortality among elderly people in Beijing City.
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Idoso , Masculino , Humanos , Criança , Feminino , Pequim , Estudos de Coortes , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Fumar , Fumar TabacoRESUMO
SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced hyper-inflammation links to the acute lung injury and COVID-19 severity. Identifying the primary mediators that initiate the uncontrolled hypercytokinemia is essential for treatments. Mast cells (MCs) are strategically located at the mucosa and beneficially or detrimentally regulate immune inflammations. Here we showed that SARS-CoV-2-triggeed MC degranulation initiated alveolar epithelial inflammation and lung injury. SARS-CoV-2 challenge induced MC degranulation in ACE-2 humanized mice and rhesus macaques, and a rapid MC degranulation could be recapitulated with Spike-RBD binding to ACE2 in cells; MC degranulation alterred various signaling pathways in alveolar epithelial cells, particularly, led to the production of pro-inflammatory factors and consequential disruption of tight junctions. Importantly, the administration of clinical MC stabilizers for blocking degranulation dampened SARS-CoV-2-induced production of pro-inflammatory factors and prevented lung injury. These findings uncover a novel mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 initiating lung inflammation, and suggest an off-label use of MC stabilizer as immunomodulators for COVID-19 treatments. Graphical abstract O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=135 SRC="FIGDIR/small/449680v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (29K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@899996org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1c26c0eorg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1442cdcorg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@dd4204_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG C_FIG In BriefSARS-CoV-2 triggers an immediate mast cell (MC) degranulation, which initiates the alveolar epithelial inflammation and disrupts the tight junction. MC stabilizers that block degranulation reduce virus-induced lung inflammation and injury. HighlightsO_LIThe binding of RBD of Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2-to ACE2 receptor protein triggers an immediate MC degranulation C_LIO_LIMC degranulation induces transcriptomic changes include an upregulated inflammatory signaling and a downregulated cell-junction signaling C_LIO_LIMC degranulation leads to alveolar epithelial inflammation and disruption of tight junctions C_LIO_LIMC stabilizer that inhibits degranulation reduces SARS-CoV-2-induced lung inflammation and injury in vivo C_LI
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary liver cancer but has shown limited success to date in the treatment of advanced stage. Recruitment of T cells for cancer treatment is a rapidly growing strategy in immunotherapy such as chimeric antigen receptor T cells and bispecific antibodies. However, unwanted aggregations, structural instability or short serum half-life are major challenges of bispecific antibodies. Here, we developed a new format of T cell-redirecting antibody that is bispecific for membrane proteoglycans GPC3 of HCC and the T-cell-specific antigen CD3, which demonstrated to be favorable stability and productivity. Cross-linking of T cells with GPC3 positive tumor cells by the anti-GPC3/CD3 bispecific antibody-mediated potent GPC3-dependent and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in vitro. Administration of the bispecific antibody with different concentrations in murine xenograft models of human HCC significantly inhibited tumor growth. In addition, no effects on tumor growth were observed in the absence of human effector cells or the bispecific antibody. Taken together, the anti-GPC3/CD3 bispecific antibody might be a potential therapeutic treatment for HCC.
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Anticorpos Biespecíficos/metabolismo , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Glipicanas/uso terapêutico , Imunoterapia/métodos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Animais , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Feminino , Glipicanas/farmacologia , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos NODRESUMO
BACKGROUND@#Recent evidence has shown that prophylactic antibiotic treatment in patients with acute pancreatitis is not associated with a significant decrease in mortality or morbidity. The use and efficacy of prophylactic antibiotic treatment in acute pancreatitis remain controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted to assess whether antibiotic prophylaxis is beneficial in patients with acute pancreatitis.@*METHODS@#We searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of prophylactic use of antibiotics using Medline (PubMed), Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 software. We performed pooled analyses for infected pancreatic necrosis, mortality, surgical intervention, and non-pancreatic infection. Odds ratios (ORs) from each trial were pooled using a random or fixed effects model, depending on the heterogeneity of the included studies. Sub-group analysis or sensitivity analysis was conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity, when necessary.@*RESULTS@#Totally, 11 RCTs involving 747 participants were included, with an intervention group (prophylactic use of antibiotics, n = 376) and control group (n = 371). No significant differences were found regarding antibiotic prophylaxis with respect to incidence of infected pancreatic necrosis (OR, 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50-1.09; P = 0.13), surgical intervention (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.62-1.38; P = 0.70), and morality (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.44-1.15; P = 0.16). However, antibiotic prophylaxis was associated with a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of non-pancreatic infection (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.42-0.84; P = 0.004).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Prophylactic antibiotics can reduce the incidence of non-pancreatic infection in patients with AP.
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Objective To explore the expression of miRLet-7 family members in breast cancer and its correlation with overall survivals (OS), and to find more effective molecular targets for breast cancer prevention and treatment.Methods Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter online database was used to analyze the correlation among the expression of Let-7 family members (Let-7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, 7f, 7g, 7i, miR-98, miR-202) correlated with overall survival (OS) and the prognosis and clinical pathological parameters of breast cancer patients, and Hazard ratio (HR), 95%confidence interval (CI), and P value were determined.ResultsThe study showed that the high expression level of Let-7a, Let-7b, Let-7c, Let-7e, Let-7f, Let-7g, miR-98 and the low expression level of miR-202 was associated with better OS for breast cancer patients (P<0.05).We further assessed the prognostic value of Let-7 in different subtypes and clinical stage.The expression of Let-7a, Let-7b, Let-7f, Let-7g, miR-98, miR-202 was related to clinical stage (P<0.05).Let-7a, Let-7b, Let-7c, Let-7e, Let-7f, Let-7g, miR-98 and miR-202 was related to lymph node status (P<0.05).In triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC), with breast cancer subtype, the expression of Let-7b, Let-7c, Let-7g and miR-202 was significantly correlated to overall survival (P<0.05).Conclusion The Let-7 is significantly correlated with OS in breast cancer patients.The results suggested that members of the Let-7 have different values in predicting the prognosis of breast cancer.Among them, Let-7b, Let-7g and miR-202 are closely related with clinical stage and TNBC, and might promote development of Let-7 as targeted inhibitors for the treatment of breast cancer.
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@#:【Objective】Toinvestigatetheeffectsofinterleukin-17(IL-17)ontheproliferationandmigrationof bronchialsmoothmusclecells(BSMC)andtheroleofJAK/STAT3signalingpathwayinthisprocess.【Methods】BSMC weretreatedwithdifferentconcentrationsofIL-17fordifferenttimestodeterminethebestoftheexperimentalcondition. ThenMTTassaywasusedtodetectcellviability.CellproliferationstatesweredetectedbyBrdUstaining,andthecell cyclewasassessedbyPIstainingusingaflowcytometer.Transwellcellmigrationassaywasfurtherusedtodetectcell migrationability.TheexpressionofJAK,p-JAK,STAT3andp-STAT3inBSMCafterbeingtreatedwithIL-17was detectedbyWesternblotting.JAK/STAT3signalingpathwayspecificblockerAG490wasusedtoinvestigatetheroleof JAK/STAT3signalingpathwayinIL-17-inducedBSMCproliferationandmigration.TheeffectsofIL-17oncellproliferation, migration and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway related protein expression were evaluated after blocking the JAK/STAT3 signaling.【Results】IL-17enhancedtheproliferation(P<0.05),promotedthecellcycletransitions(P<0.05)andsig⁃nificantlyincreasesthemigrationability(P<0.05)inBSMC.ThisprocesswasaccompaniedbytheenhancementofJAK/ STAT3signalingpathwayinBSMC(P<0.05).InhibitionofJAK/STAT3signalingpathwayalleviatedBSMCproliferation andmigrationinducedbyIL-17(P<0.05) .【Conclusions】JAK/STAT3signalingpathwayparticipatesinthestimulation processofIL-17ontheproliferationandmigrationofBSMC.AG490inhibitstheenhancementofJAK/STAT3signaling pathwayinBSMCinducedbyinterleukin-17.
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This study aimed to analyze the residues of aflatoxin B_1( AFB_1) in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from different producing areas and to assess the health risk of aflatoxin B_1 residue based on the obtained data. A total of 72 samples of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from different areas were detected by IAC-HPLC-FLD. Based on the data of AFB_1 pollution,a probabilistic assessment model with Monte Carlo simulation was developed. Then,the risk assessment of AFB_1 exposure by Ziziphi Spinosae Semen intake was carried out by MOE( margin of exposure). The results showed that 32 out of 72 of samples( 44. 4%) were found to be contaminated with AFB_1,and the average and maximum concentration of AFB_1 in samples was 5. 42 μg·kg~(-1) and 55. 09 μg·kg~(-1),respectively. After health risk assessment,the average and 97. 5%( 90% confidence interval) exposure level of daily exposure of AFB_1 by Ziziphi Spinosae Semen intake were 0. 008 6( 0. 008 1-0. 009 2) and 0. 057 3( 0. 053 2-0. 061 4) μg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),respectively. The results showed common use of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen had low level of risk associated with AFB_1. However,the high consumption of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen showed a higher risk than common intake,requiring attention. This study laid a foundation for clinical safe prescription of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen.
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Aflatoxina B1/análise , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Contaminação de Medicamentos , Preparações de Plantas/análise , Medição de Risco , Ziziphus/químicaRESUMO
The contamination of aflatoxin B_1,B_2,G_1,G_2,M_1 and M_2 in Eupolyphaga Steleophaga was determined by immunoaffinity column clean-up and HPLC-FLD with post-column photochemical derivatization. Chromatographic separations were carried out using a Cloversil C_(18) column( 4. 6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) that were eluted in isocratic with methanol-acetonitrile-water( 20 ∶ 20 ∶ 60) as the mobile phase. The excitation wavelength and the emission wavelength of fluorescence detector were maintained at 360 nm and 450 nm,respectively. The flow rate was 0. 8 m L·min~(-1),and the column temperature was 30 ℃ . The sample was prepared using the immunoaffinity column,then the recovery was measured with 75. 47%-101. 8% with RSD values lower than 6. 7%. A total of 20 batches of Eupolyphaga Steleophaga samples were assayed. According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia( 2015 edition,part 1),the aflatoxin B_1 limit should be less than 5 μg·kg~(-1),and the sum of aflatoxins( AFB_1,AFB2,AFG_1,AFG_2) should be less than 10 μg·kg-1. Therefore,the positive rate of the 20 samples was 50. 0%,and 7 batches of samples exceeded the standard,and the over-standard rate was as high as 70. 0%. Among them,aflatoxins B_1,B_2,G_1,G_2,M_1,and M_2 were detected in three batches( SD-1,AH-1,AH-3),and aflatoxins B_1,B2,G1,G2,and M1 were detected in one batch( AH-7). The results showed that the newly developed method in this work is suitable for the simultaneous determination of six aflatoxins in Eupolyphaga Steleophaga,and also suggested that it should be of high values to take the contamination with aflatoxins into concerns.
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Animais , Aflatoxinas/análise , Cromatografia de Afinidade , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Baratas/químicaRESUMO
A new derivative of ordered mesoporous carbon (GSH-CMK-3) has been prepared by chemical modification and functionalization of ordered mesoporous carbon with glutathione. The composite was fully characterized by means of Fourier transforming infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) image and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). GSH-CMK-3 showed favorable chemical stability, thermal stability and excellent adsorption performance toward Cd2+and a maximum adsorption capacity of 87.87 mg/g was achieved. The adsorption kinetic follows pseudo-second-order adsorption model. In a sequential injection mini-column separation system, 0. 006 mol/L sulfourea (in 0. 2 mol/L HNO3) was adopted as eluent and the elution efficiency was 96%. With a sample volume of 1000 μL and 50 μL of eluate, an enrichment factor of 17.3 was obtained. A procedure for on-line selective separation and preconcentration of trace Cd2+was developed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Along with a detection limit of 1.9 ng/L (n=7,3σ) and a linear range of 0.05-0.20 μg/L, a RSD of 2.9% (n=13,100 ng/L) was achieved. The method was validated by analyzing Cd2+in a certified reference material GBW08608.
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To construct CRISPR/Cas9 vectors for the editing of SmPAL1 in the phenylpropane metabolic pathway of Salvia miltiorrhiza, CIRSPR/Cas9 target sites of SmPAL1 were designed by online software. Its target efficiencies were detected in vitro by enzyme digestion and sequences with highly efficiency were constructed into CRISPR/Cas9 vectors. Three possible CRISPR target sequences (SmPAL1-g1, SmPAL1-g2, SmPAL1-g3) were designed and the enzyme digestion efficiencies were 53.3%, 76.6% and 10.0%. SmPAL1-g1 and SmPAL1-g2 were constructed into vector VK005-03 named as VK005-03-g1 and VK005-03-g2. The results of sequencing showed that the two CRISPR/Cas target sequences were all constructed into VK005-03. Here we first laid the foundation for the study of SmPAL1 and provided an effective strategy for the screening of sgRNA.
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Sistemas CRISPR-Cas , Repetições Palindrômicas Curtas Agrupadas e Regularmente Espaçadas , Redes e Vias Metabólicas , Genética , Salvia miltiorrhiza , Química , GenéticaRESUMO
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital malformations with high mortality and morbidity. The prevalence of CHD reported previously ranged from 4 per 1000 live births to 50 per 1000 live births. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to document the prevalence of CHD in Langfang district of Hebei Province, China by analyzing data collected by hospitals located in 11 the counties of the district, as supported by a public health campaign.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 67,718 consecutive 3-month-old infants were included from July 19, 2012 to July 18, 2014. Structural abnormalities were diagnosed based on echocardiography findings, including two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiography results.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 67,718 infants, 1554 were found to have cardiac structural abnormalities. The total prevalence of CHD was 22.9 per 1000 live births, a value significantly higher than the previously reported prevalence of 8 cases per 1000 live births. The top five most common cardiac abnormalities were as follows: atrial septal defect (ASD, 605 cases, 8.93‰); ventricular septal defect (550 cases, 8.12‰); patent ductus arteriosus (228 cases, 3.37‰); pulmonary stenosis (66 cases, 0.97‰); and tetralogy of Fallot (32 cases, 0.47‰). The CHD prevalence differed by gender in this study ( χ2 = 23.498,P < 0.001), and the majority of ASD cases were females. Regional differences in prevalence were also found ( χ2 = 24.602,P < 0.001); a higher prevalence was found in urban areas (32.2 cases per 1000 live births) than in rural areas (21.1 cases per 1000 live births). There was a significant difference in the prevalence of CHD in preterm versus full-term infants ( χ2 = 133.443,P < 0.001). Prevalence of CHD in infants of maternal aged 35 years or over was significantly higher ( χ2 = 86.917,P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The prevalence of CHD in Langfang district was within the range reported using echocardiography. Echocardiography can be used to early diagnose the CHD.</p>
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Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , China , Estudos Transversais , Canal Arterial , Patologia , Ecocardiografia , Cardiopatias Congênitas , Patologia , Comunicação Interatrial , Patologia , Prevalência , Estenose da Valva Pulmonar , Patologia , Tetralogia de Fallot , PatologiaAssuntos
Sequestro Broncopulmonar/diagnóstico , Hemoptise/etiologia , Pulmão/anormalidades , Artéria Pulmonar/anormalidades , Veias Pulmonares/anormalidades , Anormalidades Múltiplas , Criança , Epinefrina/uso terapêutico , Etamsilato/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Hemoptise/tratamento farmacológico , Hemostáticos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway plays a central role in cell growth, proliferation and survival in physiological conditions. This signal pathway is considered to be an innovative targeted therapy of cancer, and its abnormal activation has been proved to be related to T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) .Despite improved treatment strategies, such as multi-drug combination, high-dose chemotherapy and all kinds of application and popularization of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, children with drug resistance or relapse T-ALL are still rather worse and its overall outcome and prognosis are much poorer than the more common B-lineage ALL. Therefore, more effective and less cytotoxic treatment targeted strategies for leukemia greatly needed. This review focuses on the relationship between the PI3k/Akt/mTOR pathway and the pediatric T-ALL, so as to reveal the exact molecular mechanism of T-ALL and provide more directions for its treatment.
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Criança , Humanos , Proliferação de Células , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células T Precursoras , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt , Transdução de Sinais , Serina-Treonina Quinases TORRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore CT and MRI manifestations of the axial area peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNETs) in order to improve the knowledge of this disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 10 patients with pPNETs underwent pathologically confirmed were retrospectively analyzed from October 2008 to May 2014. There were 7 males and 3 females, aged from 8 to 49 years old with median of 23.6 years. The preoperative multi-slice spiral CT scan was completed in 3 cases, plain CT scan and enhancement in 4 cases; MRI and enhancement scanning in 5 cases; and among them, 2 cases underwent both MRI and CT scan.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In-bone type was found 6 cases and out-bone type was found 4 cases. Three cases occurred in sacral vertebrae, 2 cases in lumbar vertebrae, 1 case in cervical vertebrae, 1 case in cervical spinal canal, 1 case in coccyx, 1 case in the right iliac bone, 1 case in presacral space. Cross sectional the smallest tumor maximum level was 1.1 cmx 1.2 cm in size, the biggest tumor was 8.0 cm x 9.2 cm, the median size was 4.4 cm x 5.7 cm, of them, the tumor of maximal diameter larger than 5 cm had 6 cases. Except 2 cases-without destruction of bone, the other 5 cases with osteolytic destruction, 2 cases with calcification, 1 case with mixed. Equidensite was main in CT scan, 1 case with uniform density, other 6 cases with uneven density,in which 3 cases with "floating ice" change; 1 case with moderate strengthening, other 3 cases with obviously strengthening, 2 cases with multiple small blood vessels in enhancement scanning. MRI of 5 cases showed the signal of isointensity on T1WI, the slightly high signal on T2WI and the signal was not uniform; after enhancement scan, the signal of 5 cases obviously enhanced. Two patients complicated with vertebral compression fractures, no periosteal reaction was found in all patients, and no the destruction of intervertebral disk was found in 5 patients of MRI scan.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The axial area pPNETs is common among children and the youth, and the mass often is huge. The mass of in-bone type often envelopes the vertebral body, and main located on prevertebral space, all associated with bone destruction, osteolytic destruction is common, and primary vertebral bodies also is common, attachment primary or involvement is few found, it can involve the spinal canal and anterior wall of spinal canal is common, some cases complicate with multiple newly born small vessels. The mass of out-hone type in deep soft tissue is common, minority primary spinal canal, many complicated with vertebral bone destruction, osteolytic destruction was main. The intervertebral disk was not invaded and intervertebral space has not stenosis. CT scan offer complicate with "floating ice" sign, and in-bone type is common. Isointensity is main on MRI TlWI and slightly longer signal is main on MRI T2WI, strengthening signal is obvious.</p>
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Estudos Transversais , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos Primitivos Periféricos , Diagnóstico , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Cintilografia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the diagnostic value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in cervical spondylotic myelopathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty healthy volunteers and fifty patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy underwent DTI in the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Ningbo University from January 2014 to April 2015. Healthy volunteers served as controls. Fifty patients were divided into three groups (group A , B, C) according to cervical MRI scan standard. Group A (17 cases) had only the dura mater spinalis compressed; Group B (23 cases) showed the cervical spinal cord compressed, but no high signal in it; Group C (10 cases) had the cervical spinal cord compressed with high signal in the same level. The average apparent diffusion coefficients(ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA)values in these examinee were analyzed and all subjects were performed fiber tracking.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no statistically significant differences in ADC and FA values in C2/C3, C3/C4, C4/C5, C5/C6, C6/C7 of control group (P>0.05). The average ADC and FA values in control group were (0.875 +/- 0.096) x10(3) mm2/s and 0.720 +/- 0.051, respectively; compared with group A,there was no statistically significant difference; compared with group B and C, there was significant difference; comparison among group A, B, C, there was significant differences.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DTI can early and accurately quantify the changes of microstructure in cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Fiber tracking can show the damage range of spinal cord lesions.</p>
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Vértebras Cervicais , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Imagem de Tensor de Difusão , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Radiografia , Doenças da Medula Espinal , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Cirurgia Geral , Espondilose , Diagnóstico por ImagemRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the mechanism of pseudo-tears of the lateral meniscus caused by the transverse geniculate ligament (TL) and the miniscofemoral ligament(MFL) and to investigate a method to differentiate pseudo-tears from true tear of the lateral meniscus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Form June 2012 to February 2014, MR examinations of 72 knees (44 left knees and 28 right knees) without tear of the lateral meniscus verified by arthroscopy were performed in the sagittal and coronal plane. There were 41 males and 31 females in the group, with an average age of 33.7 years old (ranged from 25 to 61). The MR appearance of the TL and the MFL was carefully observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There existed fatty tissue in the gap between the TL and the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus and its central tendinous attachment. On the sagittal images, the fatty tissue formed a linear high-signal cleft between the TL and the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus. This might be mistaken as an oblique tear within the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus. It was called as pseudo-tears of the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus. In sagittal plane, the MFL was identified as a circle-like or short stick-like area of low signal intensity anterior or posterior to the posterior cruciateligament. Nevertheless, a belt-shaped area of low signal intensity from the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus to lateral facet of the medial femoral condyle was identified in the coronal plane. A linear area of high signal intensity between the MFL and the lateral meniscus was found in sagittal plane, which might be mistaken as an oblique tear within the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus. It was called pseudo-tears of the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus. The occurrence rate of the TL was 34.7% (25/72). The prevaleribe of pseudo-tears of the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus was 18 cases. The shape of the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus was regular, and the course of the pseudo-tears cleft was oblique. The occurrence rate of the MFL was 73.6% (53/72), which included the anterior MFL 23.6% (17/72), the posterior MFL 70.8% (51/72) and the two ligaments coexisted 16.7% (12/72). The prevalence of pseudo-tears of the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus was 25 cases. All observed pseudo-tears had either in posteroinferiorly oblique direction (19/25) or in vertical direction (6/25).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Based on the location and direction of pseudo-tears and observation in the continuous sagittal plane and the coronal plane, pseudo-tears is easily differentiated from the true tear of the lateral meniscus</p>