Research on the pathogenesis between type 2 diabetes mellitus and dry eye / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#Incidence rate of diabetes mellitus(DM)rises up obviously around the world. This disease can cause diabetic retinopathy, diabetic keratopathy, cataract, glaucoma, refractive changes, iridociliary disorder, dry eyes and other ophthalmic complications, which severely affect vision and even result in blindness. In recent years, with improvement of life quality, it is gradually frequent for diabetics to see ophthalmologist on account of sore eyes. This phenomenon has attracted attention of oculists, which is related to abnormal factors such as abnormal tear quality and quantity under diabetes condition, poor stability of tear film, rising of tear osmotic pressure, inflammatory response, cornea neurodegeneration, apoptosis, functional lesion of tarsus related to sex hormone. As over 90% of diabetics are diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), this paper will summarize pathogenesis of dry eyes related to T2DM and offer theoretical foundation to clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Research on Chinese medicine syndrome distribution of asymptomatic HIV infection patients / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore Chinese medicine syndrome distribution laws of asymptomatic HIV infection patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using Chi-square test, Chinese medicine syndrome distribution laws were compared and analyzed in 1 156 asymptomatic HIV infection patients from March 2009 to October 2011 from four aspects, i.e., age, possible infection time, disease duration, and different routes of infection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Qi deficiency syndrome (QDS) and internal dampness-heat accumulation syndrome (IDHAS) were dominant in all syndrome types. Along with aging, QDS showed a growing tendency, while IDHAS showed obvious declining tendency. There was no obvious change in other syndrome types. There was statistical difference in the distribution of each syndrome type among each age period (P < 0.01). Within 15 years, along with the increase of infection time, QDS showed a growing tendency, while IDHAS ratio showed an obvious declining tendency. No obvious laws were found in other syndrome types. There was statistical difference in the distribution of each syndrome type (P < 0.01). Along with the prolongation of disease duration, the case number of each syndrome showed a decreasing trend, but QDS and IDHAS still accounted for higher ratios in each stage. There was statistical difference in the distribution of each syndrome type (P < 0.01). As for infection routes, QDS was predominant in paid blood donation, blood transfusion infection, intravenous drugs. IDHAS was predominant in sexual transmit. No obvious laws were found in other syndrome types. There was statistical difference in the distribution of each syndrome type (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>DIS, IDHAS, and no confirmable syndrome typing were dominant in asymptomatic HIV infection patients. Deficiency and dampness were important pathological factors for them.</p>

Identification and structure-activity relationships of chromene-derived selective estrogen receptor modulators for treatment of postmenopausal symptoms.

As part of a program aimed at the development of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), novel chromene scaffolds, benzopyranobenzoxapanes, were discovered. Many compounds showed binding affinity as low as 1.6-200 nM, displayed antagonist behaviors in the MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cell line as well in Ishikawa cell line with IC(50) values in the range 0.2-360 nM. On the basis of the side chain substitution, various compounds demonstrated strong inhibitory activity in anti-uterotropic assay. Compound 7-(R) and its major metabolites 5-(R) and 6-(R) were evaluated in several in vivo models of estrogen action. Relative to a full estrogen agonist (ethynyl estradiol) and the SERM raloxifene, 7-(R) was found to be a potent SERM that behaved as antagonist in the uterus and exhibited estrogen agonistic activity on bone, plasma lipids, hot flush, and vagina. The overall pharmacokinetic profile and stability were significantly improved compared to those of the phase 2 development compound 9-(R).

Gas Flow-Field Numerical Simulation and Capture Effect of Up-suction Hood / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To study the relationship of the collection efficiency and physical parameters,such as the height of exhaust hood,baffle,ventilation conditions of these parameters on the effect of control.Methods The computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT was used to form the model,and to maximize production in line with the actual operating conditions for physics experiments,to take air numerical simulation and physical model of re-testing the method of combining.Results Without the lagging conditions,the air flow system should be chosen 1 320 m~3/h,with the lagging conditions,the air flow system should be chosen 1 078 m~3/h.The system in a certain air volume,lower installation height could increase the average wind speed of breathing zone.At a certain suction cover installation height and air flow,the baffle could improve the collection efficiency.Without the baffle,the collection efficiency and control distance(dimensionless)showed a relation of cubic polynomial.Conclusion The physical parameters of suction on the hood may impact the collection efficiency at breathing zone measuring point.

Novel chromene-derived selective estrogen receptor modulators useful for alleviating hot flushes and vaginal dryness.

A novel SERM (selective estrogen receptor modulators), 1-(R), a chromene-derived bisbenzopyran, was discovered to alleviate hot flushes and effectively increase vaginal fluidity in rats. Moreover, 1-(R) was found to have beneficial effects on plasma cholesterol and bone metabolism while maintaining antiestrogenic activity in the uterus. The biological profile of its enantiomer 1-(S) was also evaluated.