Early Treatment of Nevus of Ota in Children is More Effective and Beneficial to Mental Health: Observation on the Efficacy of Q-Switched Ruby Laser in Treating 159 Cases of Nevus of Ota in Children.

Background and Objective: Nevus of Ota (NO), also known as "brownish-blue nevus of the palate of the eye", is a benign dermal pigmentation that increases skin disease. The Q-switched ruby laser is a classic treatment for nevus of Ota in children, but the optimal age for treatment is still controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment effect of Q-switched ruby laser in children with nevus of Ota at different ages and the effect on psychological health status. Materials and Methods: Children with nevus of Ota treated with Q-switched ruby laser in the Department of Dermatology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from June 2015 to June 2019 were retrospectively analysed. And the mental health status was assessed using the CDI scale. Results: In the preschool children group (0-7 year age), the significant efficacy rates was 93.1%, the average number of treatments was 3.6, and the overall incidence of adverse reactions was 4.7%. The significant efficacy rates in the school-age children group (7-14 year age) was 90.3%, the average number of treatments was 5.1, and the overall incidence of adverse reactions was 13.7%. The mean post-treatment CDI score in the preschool children group was 10.8, and 9.7% of children exceeding 19 points. The mean pre-treatment CDI score in the school-age children group was 17.3, and 24.6% of children exceeding 19 points. The mean post-treatment CDI score was 13.6 and 15.1% of children exceeded 19 points. The chi-square test for the significant efficacy rate of the two groups showed P>0.05, which was not statistically significant. The significant efficacy rate of the preschool group and that of the school-age children group. The t-test for the number of treatments in the two groups showed P<0.05, which was statistically significant. Adverse reactions in the two groups showed a statistically significant P<0.05. The mean CDI scores and the percentage of depressed individuals in the school-age children group were significantly lower after treatment than before treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion: Q-switched ruby laser is safe and effective in treating nevus of Ota in children. Early treatment can reduce the number of treatments and the incidence of adverse reactions. In addition, early treatment can reduce children's depression, which is beneficial to mental health.

An exploration of optimal time and safety of 595-nm pulsed dye laser for the treatment of early superficial infantile hemangioma.

Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common benign vascular tumor that occurs in infants and young children. Studies have shown laser therapy to reduce the proliferation of superficial IH and promote its regression, but the optimal timing for treatment has not been determined. Our study explores the timing and safety of 595-nm pulsed dye laser (PDL) treatment for early superficial IH. We retrospectively analyzed 180 cases of superficial IH treated with 595-nm PDL. Data was organized according to patient age at the first visit. Six months after the initial treatment, patients were evaluated using a grade IV classification method, and the clinical curative effect of each group was calculated. The number of laser treatments and the occurrence of adverse reactions were recorded simultaneously. The overall effective and cure rates were 98.3% and 84.4%, respectively, with no significant difference in rates between groups (p > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the number of laser treatments among the age groups (p < 0.05). The average laser frequency: "0-2 months group" < "2-4 months group" < "4-6 months group." The overall incidence of adverse reactions was 11.1%, and 12 (6.7%) cases had short-term adverse reactions, with no statistically significant differences between groups (p > 0.05). Eight cases had long-term adverse reactions. This difference between groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Younger children (≤2 months of age) receiving 595-nm PDL treatment for IH require relatively fewer treatment times than other children (>2 months of age), have a shorter course of disease, experience better curative effect, and have fewer sequelae reactions.

Sequelae After Involution of Superficial Infantile Hemangioma: Early Intervention with 595-nm Pulsed Laser Combined with 755-nm Long-Pulsed Alexandrite Laser versus Wait-and-See.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Infantile haemangioma (IH) is the most common benign tumor in children. At present, pulsed dye laser (PDL) has made great progress in the treatment of superficial IH, showing good safety and effectiveness. But some doctors think that superficial IH should choose to wait-and-see. However, studies have reported that most of the IH after resolution still has residual disease, and thickness seems to be an important factor. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Sequelae and thickness after superficial IH involution. In addition, compare the Sequelae difference between 595-nm pulsed laser combined with 755-nm long-pulse alexandrite laser treatment and wait-and-see. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective observational study included patients with superficial IH evaluated in the past 6 years and divided them into a laser group and an observation group. RESULTS: The incidence of sequelae in the laser group was 44.6%, and the incidence of sequelae in the observation group was 69.5%. The incidence of Sequelae of superficial IH in the laser group was significantly lower than that in the observation group (χ 2-test, χ 2=10.790, P <0.001). In the observation group, the average A scores of the three thickness subgroups (<2mm, 2-5mm, and >5mm) were 4.38, 3.39, and 1.80, and there were significant differences in the A scores between the three groups (Kruskal-Wallis, p<0.05). There is a significant difference in the A score between the laser group and the observation group in the superficial IH with a thickness of 2-5 mm and>5mm (Wilcoxon rank sum test, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: This retrospective study showed that the degree of Sequelae of superficial IH after involution is related to its thickness. In addition, the early intervention of 595-nm pulsed laser combined with 755-nm long-pulse alexandrite laser can reduce the incidence and extent of sequelae.