Eficacia de un programa de intervención en la promoción de hábitos saludables en personal militar de la Armada con sobrepeso y obesidad / Effectiveness of a Program to Promotion of Healthy Habits in Military Personnel of the Navy With Overweight and Obesity

Antecedentes y objetivos:el sobrepeso y obesidad en personal de la Armada puede provocar pérdida de aptitud para el servicio y complicaciones en la participación de misiones. El objetivo principal de este estudio pretende demostrar que una intervención basada en la promoción de hábitos saludables durante doce meses, pudo disminuir el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y mejorar parámetros bioquímicos en personal con obesidad o sobrepeso. Material y métodos:estudio cuasi-experimental, longitudinal, correlacional y comparativo (pre-test y post-test), durante doce meses, con dos grupos, intervención (GI) y control (GC). La muestra compuesta por 42 militares (n=21 por grupo), con IMC superior a 28 kg/m2. Se ejecutó en dos periodos: el primero a bordo de una fragata durante una misión; el segundo desde el final de la misión hasta completar doce meses. Se realizaron 18 sesiones personalizadas enfocadas a fomentar hábitos saludables en la dieta y favorecer la actividad física. Se monitorizaron variables antropométricas y bioquímicas en el GI. Del GC se obtuvieron los datos de IMC al inicio y final del estudio. Resultados:se produjo una disminución de la media del IMC de 33,71 kg/m2 a 30,91 kg/m2 en el GI; la adherencia fue consistente (90,5 %). A partir de los seis meses se observó un descenso en el número de participantes del GI (76,2 %) y un aumento del IMC con respecto a los valores obtenidos en la primera mitad (de 30,91 a 31,82 kg/m2). Se demostró una disminución del IMC al final de la intervención (p<0,005). Se evidencia una mejora de HDL-colesterol (p<0,04) y de triglicéridos (p<0,029) estadísticamente significativa. No se apreciaron cambios significativos en el GC. Conclusiones:el efecto de la intervención basada en la promoción de hábitos de vida saludables disminuye el IMC en personal afecto de sobrepeso y obesidad y mejora determinados parámetros bioquímicos relacionados con esta.(AU)

Antecedent and objectives: overweight and obesity in Navy personnel can cause loss of physical aptitude and complications in the development of missions. The main objective is to demonstrate that an intervention based on the promotion of healthy habits for 12 months, can reduce the Body Mass Index (BMI) and improve biochemical parameters in personnel affected by overweight or obesity. Material and Methods: quasi-experimental study, correctional, longitudinal, correctional and comparative (pre-test and post-test) for 12 months, with two groups, intervention (IG) and control (CG). The sample included 42 military personnel (n=21 per group), with a BMI higher than 28 kg/m2. It was carried out in two periods: the first period was carried out on board a frigate, taking advantage of its participation during a mission; the second since the end of the mission until completing the 12 months. 18 personalized sessions were held, focused on promoting healthy habits in both diet and promote physical activity. Anthropometric and biochemical dates were monitored in the IG. In the CG, BMI data were obtained at the beginning and end of the study. Results: During the first period, in the IG there was a decrease in BMI of 33,71 to 30,91 kg/m2 (p<0.05); Adherence is consistent (90,5 %). After 6 months a decrease in the number of participants (76,2 %) and an increase in BMI with respect to the values of the first half (from 30,91 kg/m2 to 31,82 kg/m2) were observed. A decrease in BMI was demonstrated at the end of the intervention. There is an improvement in HDL-cholesterol (p<0.04) and triglycerides (p<0.029). No significant changes were seen in GC. Conclusions: the effect of the nursing intervention based on the promulgation of healthy life habits decreases the BMI in personnel affected by overweight and obesity and improves certain biochemical parameters related to this.(AU)

Luxacion temporomandibular. Maniobra de Nelaton: exposicion de un caso y revision de la literatura / Nelaton maneuver in anterior temporomandibular dislocation. A case report and literature review

La luxación de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM) es un trastorno que generalmente se desconoce y que supone un reto para el personal sanitario que lo recibe. La etiología es variable. Puede producirse de manera espontánea por causas relacionadas con la apertura de la boca como el bostezo, risa, canto, entre otros. Clínicamente el paciente presenta boca abierta en forma de bostezo, estado de ansiedad y dolor. El tratamiento de elección es su reducción mediante la maniobra de Nelaton, que debe realizarse a la mayor brevedad. Se presenta un caso de un paciente con luxación anterior bilateral de la ATM al que se le realiza maniobra de Nelaton con éxito, sin la necesidad de administración de relajantes y analgésicos en el momento de su ejecución

A dislocation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is an event that, despite being unusual, supposes a challenge for the health's personnel. The etiology is variable and can occur spontaneously due to causes related to the opening of the mouth such as yawning, laughing, singing... Clinically the patient has an open mouth in the form of yawning, anxiety and pain. The treatment of choice is its reduction through the Nelaton maneuver that must be carried out as soon as possible. We present a case of a patient with a bilateral anterior dislocation of the TMJ who underwent successful Nelaton maneuvers, without the need for administration of relaxants and analgesics at the time of execution

Calidad de vida del paciente urostomizado: una revisión sistemática / No disponible

El cáncer de vejiga es la cuarta causa de cáncer en varones en España y la octava en mujeres, siendo el segundo urológico en frecuencia tras el de próstata. Existen diferencias importantes en la localización de los diagnósticos de tumores de vejiga, siendo más numerosos en Europa Occidental y en América del Norte que en el resto del mundo; predomina en la raza blanca y en varones, en pacientes expuestos a sustancias químicas como el arsénico, en pacientes con cistitis crónica, en pacientes con un tratamiento oncológico previo y en pacientes con antecedentes familiares de cáncer de vejiga. La principal causa productora de cáncer de vejiga es el tabaco, por la cantidad de productos cancerígenos que contiene, que son absorbidos y eliminados a través de la orina. Los tumores vesicales más comunes son los tumores uroteriales (ya sea de alto o bajo grado), aunque también se presentan tumores escamosos, adenocarcinomas o carcinomas de células pequeñas. La manera más común de manifestación es la hematuria, en mayor o menor grado, y el diagnóstico se realiza a través de una citología o de manera más efectiva con una cistoscopia con visión directa de toda la vejiga. En estadios iniciales, el tratamiento es la realización de una resección transuretral de vejiga y después se añade un tratamiento quimioterápico intravesical o inmunoterapia con control cistoscópico cada tres meses. Cuando el tumor vesical infiltra a la pared muscular (T2) será necesaria la extirpación completa de la vejiga (cistectomía radical) junto con ganglios cercanos, debiéndose realizar una nueva conducción de orina al exterior mediante una derivación urinaria. La más frecuente en Europa es la derivación urinaria heterotópica ureteroileostomía tipo Bricker, en la que con una porción de íleon se creará un conducto ileal donde se abocarán los uréteres. El extremo distal de esta porción ileal se abocará a piel enforma de urostoma, por donde saldrá la orina al exterior de forma incontinente. Según la Asociación Europea de Urología (EAU), la cistectomía es el tratamiento por excelencia para el tumor músculo invasivo y para aquellos tumores superficiales recurrentes. En 2017, según datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística, se produjeron 4.620 casos de muerte por esta enfermedad en España. Según la Sociedad Española de Medicina Oncológica, la incidencia de cáncer de vejiga en 2017 fue de 14.677 nuevos casos. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) define calidad de vida como "la percepción que un individuo tiene de su lugar en la existencia, en el contexto de la cultura y del sistema de valores en los que vive y en relación con sus objetivos, sus expectativas, sus normas y sus inquietudes. Este concepto está influido por la salud física, psicológica, su nivel de independencia, sus relaciones sociales y su relación con el entorno". Los indicadores físicos más representativos son la equidad, el empleo y seguridad y asistencia social, alimentación y nutrición, salud pública, cultura y arte. El concepto de calidad de vida se usa como evaluador de salud y sirve para evaluar y mejorar los planes de salud de los gobiernos

Bladder cancer is the fourth cause of cancer among men and the eighth among women, being the second after prostate cancer. There are important differences in the location of the diagnosis for bladder cancer, being more numerous in West Europe and North America than in the rest of the world; it predominates in whites and men, in patients exposed to chemicals like arsenic, in patients with chronic cystitis, in patients with a previous cancer treatment and in patients with family history of bladder cancer. Tobacco consumption is the main cause for bladder cancer because of the number of carcinogenic products it contains, which are absorbed and eliminated through urine. Urothelial tumor is the most common type of bladder cancer (low-grade or high-grade), although squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinomas, small-cell carcinoma may also occur. Haematuria is one of the most common presentations, to a greater or lesser degree, and the diagnosis of haematuria is confirmed through urine cytology or through a cystoscopy procedure to look into the bladder. Transurethral resection (TUR) of the bladder is a common procedure that is used as a treatment for early stages. Following TUR a treatment of intravesical chemotherapy and immunotherapy is initiated with a cystoscopic surveillance every three months. If the tumor has spread to the muscle of the bladder-wall (T2) it is necessary to remove the entire bladder (radical cystectomy) and create a new urinary diversion. The most commonly used diversion is ureteroileostomy, where an ileal conduit (Bricker) is created: ureters will be attached to one end, while the other end will be taken to the skin to construct a stoma through which urine will be drained continuously into a bag on the outside of the body. According to the European Association of Urology (EAU), cystectomy is considered the gold standard treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer and for superficial tumors that are recurrent. According to data from the National Institute of Statistics, in 2017, there were 4,620 cases of death due to this illness in Spain. According to the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology, the recurrence of new cases of bladder cancer was of 14,677 in 2017. The World Health Organization (WHO), defines quality of life as "the individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns. This concept is affected by the person's physical health, psychological state, level of independence, social relationships and their relationship to salient features of their environment". The most representative indicators are equity, employment, security, social welfare, food and nutrition, public health, culture and art. The concept of quality of life is used not only to evaluate health status but also used to evaluate and improve governments' health plans

Immunological Mechanisms in Allergic Diseases and Allergen Tolerance: The Role of Treg Cells.

The immune system regulates itself to establish an appropriate immune response to potentially harmful pathogens while tolerating harmless environmental antigens and self-antigens. A central role in this balance is played by regulatory T cells (Tregs) through various ways of actions. By means of molecule secretion and cell-cell contact mechanisms, Tregs may have the capacity to modulate effector T cells and suppress the action of proinflammatory cytokines across a broad range of cell types. As a result, abnormal regulatory T cell function has been pointed as a main cause in the development of allergic diseases, a major public health problem in industrialized countries, with a high socioeconomic impact. This prevalence and impact have created an international interest in improving the allergy diagnosis and therapy. Additionally, research has sought to gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlining this kind of disease, in order to a better management. At this respect, the role of Treg cells is one of the most promising areas of research, mainly because of their potential use as new immunotherapeutical approaches. Therefore, the aim of this review is to update the existing knowledge of the role of Tregs in this pathology deepening in their implication in allergen-specific therapy (AIT).

Strong and frequent T-cell responses to the minor allergen Phl p 12 in Spanish patients IgE-sensitized to Profilins.

BACKGROUND: Profilins are dominant pan-allergens known to cause cross-sensitization, leading to clinical symptoms such as pollen-food syndrome. This study aimed to determine the T-cell response to Phl p 12 in profilin-sensitized patients, by measuring the prevalence, strength and cross-reactivity to clinically relevant profilins. METHODS: The release of Phl p allergens from pollen was determined by mass spectrometry and immunochemistry. T-cell responses, epitope mapping and cross-reactivity to profilins (Phl p 12, Ole e 2, Bet v 2 and Mal d 4) were measured in vitro using PBMCs from 26 Spanish grass-allergic donors IgE-sensitized to profilin. Cross-reactivity was addressed in vivo using 2 different mouse strains (BALB/c and C3H). RESULTS: Phl p 12 and Phl p 1 are released from pollen simultaneously and in similar amounts. Both T-cell response frequency (17/26 donors) and strength were comparable between Phl p 12 and Phl p 1. T-cell cross-reactivity to other profilins correlated with overall sequence homology, and 2 immunodominant epitope regions of Phl p 12 were identified. Data from mice immunized with Phl p 12 showed that cross-reactivity to Bet v 2 was mediated by conserved epitopes and further influenced by additional genetic factors, likely to be MHC II. CONCLUSION: The strength, prevalence and cross-reactivity of T-cell responses towards Phl p 12 are comparable to the major allergen Phl p 1, which supports the hypothesis that T cells to Phl p 12 can play an important role in development of allergic symptoms, such as those associated with pollen-food syndrome.

Anaphylaxis due to poloxamer 238

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Steps towards clarifying the clinical relevance of minor olive allergens in areas with extremely high levels of olive pollen

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Profilin as a severe food allergen in allergic patients overexposed to grass pollen.

BACKGROUND: Profilins are ubiquitous proteins that act as panallergens in sensitized patients, considered to be mild or incomplete food allergens. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of profilins as severe food allergens in allergic patients overexposed to grass who were referred for severe food reactions and were sensitized to profilins. METHODS: After a careful in vitro screening, 26 patients were included, classified into two groups, mild (17) and severe reactors (9), based on clinical history and subsequently provoked orally with purified profilin in a double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge setup. RESULTS: A significant number of patients presented severe positive food challenge test reactions at low doses of the allergen profilin. Patients prone to suffer from severe reactions had lower IgG4/IgE ratio to major grass allergens than those who did not. CONCLUSION: Profilins are complete food allergens in food-allergic patient populations that are exposed to high levels of grass pollen. This type of patient constitutes an optimal model to understand the link between respiratory and food allergies. The nature of the observed reactions and the low level of allergen eliciting the reactions suggest that intake through the oral mucosa might constitute a relevant route of exposure to food allergens.

A multicenter study of sensitization profiles in an allergic pediatric population in an area with high allergen exposure.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In areas with a high number of allergens and high allergen concentrations, it is essential to identify the main causes of allergy, especially in pediatric patients. This study was conducted in allergic patients aged 14 or less to identify sensitization profiles during an initial phase, and to then evaluate changes in these profiles after 3 years of follow-up. This article describes the first phase of our investigation. METHODS: A total of 187 patients aged between 2 and 14 years were included by 5 allergy units; all the children had symptoms suggestive of allergic disease (rhinoconjunctivitis andlor asthma). Allergy diagnosis was confirmed by evaluation of clinical history, allergen exposure, and in vivo or in vitro tests. Specific immunoglobulin E (slgE) to major allergens was tested. RESULTS: Patients were sensitized to both seasonal (especially grass, olive, cypress and Cynodon dactylon) and perennial allergens (Alternaria alternata) and to panallergens (especially profilin and lipid transfer protein). Almost 60% of the patients included were polysensitized. Sensitization to certain major allergens such as Cup s1, Phl p1, or Sal k1 seems to increase with age. Patients sensitized to profilin had a higher number of sensitizations than non-profilin-sensitized patients. This panallergen is a diagnostic confounding factor. CONCLUSIONS: A high percentage of allergic pediatric patients living in an area with high exposure levels to a large number of allergens are polysensitized and have a high percentage of sensitization to panallergens. The implementation of new diagnostic tools such as component-resolved diagnosis is crucial.

A Multicenter Study of Sensitization Profiles in an Allergic Pediatric Population in an Area With High Allergen Exposure

Antecedentes y objetivo: En áreas geográficas donde el paciente está expuesto a un elevado número y altas concentraciones de alérgenos, es importante identificar los principales causantes de la enfermedad alérgica, especialmente en pacientes pediátricos. El presente estudio se ha realizado en pacientes alérgicos ≤ 14 años con el objetivo de tratar de averiguar, en una primera fase, el perfil de sensibilización y, en una segunda fase, la evolución de dicho perfil tras 3 años de seguimiento. En esta publicación se presenta la primera fase. Métodos: Se incluyeron en primera visita 187 pacientes por 5 Unidades de Alergia, con edad entre 2 y 14 años y síntomas sugestivos de enfermedad alérgica (rinoconjuntivitis y/o asma). El diagnóstico alergológico fue posteriormente confirmado por prueba cutánea y/o IgE específica. Posteriormente se analizó la IgE a los alérgenos principales. Resultados: Los pacientes mostraron sensibilización tanto a alérgenos estacionales (gramíneas, olivo, ciprés, Cynodon) como perennes (Alternaria) y panalérgenos (especialmente profilina y proteínas transportadoras de lípidos). Un 60% estaban polisensibilizados. La sensibilización a ciertos alérgenos (Cup s1, Phl p1 o Sal k1) parece aumentar con la edad. Los pacientes sensibilizados a profilina mostraron un mayor número de sensibilizaciones que los negativos al panalérgeno, siendo un posible factor de confusión diagnóstica Conclusiones: Pacientes pediátricos que viven en áreas de alta exposición a numerosos alérgenos son polisensibilizados, estando un alto porcentaje de ellos sensibilizados a panalérgenos, por lo que la implementación de nuevas herramientas diagnósticas como el diagnóstico por componentes se hace imprescindible para su correcto diagnóstico (AU)

Background and objective: In areas with a high number of allergens and high allergen concentrations, it is essential to identify the main causes of allergy, especially in pediatric patients. This study was conducted in allergic patients aged 14 or less to identify sensitization profiles during an initial phase, and to then evaluate changes in these profiles after 3 years of follow-up. This article describes the first phase of our investigation. Methods: A total of 187 patients aged between 2 and 14 years were included by 5 allergy units; all the children had symptoms suggestive of allergic disease (rhinoconjunctivitis and/or asthma). Allergy diagnosis was confirmed by evaluation of clinical history, allergen exposure, and in vivo or in vitro tests. Specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) to major allergens was tested. Results: Patients were sensitized to both seasonal (especially grass, olive, cypress and Cynodon dactylon) and perennial allergens (Alternaria alternata) and to panallergens (especially profilin and lipid transfer protein). Almost 60% of the patients included were polysensitized. Sensitization to certain major allergens such as Cup s1, Phl p1, or Sal k1 seems to increase with age. Patients sensitized to profilin had a higher number of sensitizations than non-profilin-sensitized patients. This panallergen is a diagnostic confounding factor. Conclusions: A high percentage of allergic pediatric patients living in an area with high exposure levels to a large number of allergens are polysensitized and have a high percentage of sensitization to panallergens. The implementation of new diagnostic tools such as component-resolved diagnosis is crucial (AU)

A form of apolipoprotein a-I is found specifically in relapses of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis following transplantation.

Recurrence of idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) following kidney transplantation occurs in a large percentage of patients. Accurate prediction of recurrence and elucidation of its pathogenesis are major therapeutic goals. To detect differential proteins related to FSGS recurrence, proteomic analysis was performed on plasma and urine samples from 35 transplanted idiopathic FSGS patients, divided into relapsing and nonrelapsing. Several proteins were detected increased in urine of relapsing FSGS patients, including a high molecular weight form of apolipoprotein A-I, named ApoA-Ib, found exclusively in relapsing patients. This finding was verified by Western blot individually in the 35 patients and validated in an independent group of 40 patients with relapsing or nonrelapsing FSGS, plus two additional groups: FSGS-unrelated patients showing different proteinuria levels (n = 30), and familial FSGS transplanted patients (n = 14). In the total of 119 patients studied, the ApoA-Ib form was detected in 13 of the 14 relapsing FSGS patients, and in one of the 61 nonrelapsing patients. Only one of the 30 patients with FSGS-unrelated proteinuria tested positive for ApoA-Ib, and was not detected in familial patients. Urinary ApoA-Ib is associated with relapses in idiopathic FSGS and warrants additional investigation to determine its usefulness as biomarker of relapse following transplantation.

C1q-fixing human leukocyte antigen assay in immunized renal patients: correlation between Luminex SAB-C1q and SAB-IgG.

BACKGROUND: There is no consensus about the impact of thresholds of complement-fixing antibody assays. Recently, a C1q-SAB assay has been developed to identify complement-fixing HLA antibodies with high sensitivity and specificity. Our aim was to determine the correlation between IgG single antigens beads (SAB) and C1q-SAB assay results among patients on the renal waiting list. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Serum samples from immunized renal waiting list patients as well as negative and positive controls were valided by Luminex (LMX). These sera, which were positive for 166 antibody specificities, were tested for HLA class I in parallel by LMX-IgG and LMX-C1q. RESULTS: Comparison of antibody detection revealed no correlation based on median fluorescent intensity (MFI), levels between the IgG SAB and the C1qSAB assay (P > .05). IgG-positive sera with MFIs as low as 700 were able to fix C1q, whereas other sera with MFIs as high 14,500 did not. Furthermore, there appeared to be disparities in the profiles of class I antigens able to fix C1q-SAB. In our series, only 34% class I IgG SAB antibodies were also C1qSAB+. In several patients, we detected C1qSAB+ against IgGSAB- that was surely due to IgM antibodies. So, the C1qSAB assay detected IgM antibodies that fix complement. CONCLUSION: These data suggested that the C1q-SAB assay could be an important method to evaluate pretransplant virtual crossmatch and to define nonpermitted specificities (C1q-fixing) in kidney transplantation.

Profilin as an aeroallergen by means of conjunctival allergen challenge with purified date palm profilin.

BACKGROUND: The role of profilin as a food allergen is well established, but little research has been done about its ability to elicit respiratory disease. Profilin is considered more of a confounding allergen on skin testing with whole pollen extracts than other airborne allergens. Our aim was to find out whether or not profilin can cause symptoms in sensitized individuals, which would be compatible with its role as an airborne allergen. METHODS: We performed conjunctival allergen challenges with date palm profilin in a series of consecutive pollen-allergic patients with rhino-conjunctivitis, divided in two groups: profilin sensitized (n = 17) and not sensitized (n = 14), who served as controls. We investigated the possible association between profilin sensitization and profilin allergy in these groups of patients. RESULTS: None of the patients from the not profilin-sensitized group had a positive result in conjunctival allergen challenges. In contrast, 65% of profilin sensitized patients had a positive conjunctival allergen challenge and were considered allergic to profilin. We found a significant statistical association between being profilin allergic and being profilin sensitized (χ(2) = 10.39, p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Profilin seems to work as an aeroallergen in a significant proportion of profilin-sensitized patients. This might explain the uselessness of conjunctival challenges with whole pollen extracts to disclose genuine sensitization. In the future, the possibility of quantifying this allergen in pollen immunotherapy vaccines should be considered.

Efficacy and safety of conversion from twice-daily to once-daily tacrolimus in a large cohort of stable kidney transplant recipients.

Prolonged-release tacrolimus was developed to provide a more convenient once-daily dosing that could improve patient adherence. We conducted a multicenter, prospective, observational, 12-month study to describe the efficacy, safety and patient preference of conversion from tacrolimus twice-daily to once-daily formulation in stable kidney transplant recipients in routine clinical practice. Conversion was made on a 1 mg: 1 mg basis (1 mg: 1.1 mg in patients with trough levels <6 ng/mL). The study included 1832 patients (mean age (± SD): 50.0 ± 13.4 years; 62.7% male). After conversion, a modest reduction in tacrolimus trough levels, necessitating an increase in daily dose, was observed (mean changes at 12 months of -9.1% and +1.24%, respectively; p < 0.0001). Mean glomerular filtration rate did not change significantly (56.5 ± 19.7 mL/min at conversion vs. 55.7 ± 20.6 mL/min at 12 months). Proteinuria, blood pressure, lipid, hepatic and glucose parameters remained stable. Eight patients (0.4%) had acute rejection and 34 patients (1.85%) discontinued treatment. Almost all patients (99.4%) preferred the once-daily formulation, because of less frequent dosing (66%) and improved adherence (34%). In conclusion, at similar doses to twice-daily tacrolimus, once-daily formulation provided stable renal function, a low acute rejection rate, and good tolerability in stable kidney transplant recipients in the routine clinical practice setting.

Preliminary results of a skin prick test-based study of the prevalence and clinical impact of hypersensitivity to pollen panallergens (polcalcin and profilin).

BACKGROUND: Calcium-binding proteins (polcalcins) and profilin are cross-reacting panallergens that sensitize a minority of pollen-allergic patients. Their clinical relevance remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical relevance of hypersensitivity to polcalcin and profilin detected by skin prick test (SPT) in a large group of pollen-allergic patients. METHODS: Two hundred pollen-allergic adults (101 men, 99 women; mean age 34 years) underwent SPT with 9 pollens present in the geographical area of the study. Hypersensitivity to panallergens was detected by SPT with date palm polcalcin and profilin. Allergy to birch and/or cypress, grass and/or pellitory, and ragweed and/or mugwort were associated with 3 symptomatic periods, respectively, late February to mid-May, late April to mid-July, and mid-August to late September. RESULTS: Sixteen (8%) patients reacted to date palm polcalcin; 7/7 (100%) corecognized the grass polcalcin Phl p 7 in vitro. Clinically, only 4 (25%) had symptoms in all 3 seasonal periods. Forty (20%) patients reacted to profilin; only 32 (80%) reacted to cypress, and 22 (55%) to pellitory. Only 4 (10%) patients had symptoms during all 3 seasonal periods. Six patients (3%) were cosensitized to both polcalcin and profilin. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical relevance of hypersensitivity to pollen panallergens is often limited; many allergic patients have symptoms only during the central period, suggesting primary grass sensitization. Profilin-allergic patients often do not corecognize pellitory and cypress pollen. In vivo component-resolved diagnosis of seasonal respiratory allergies is a promising approach that might lead to cost reduction and a faster definition of pollen-allergic cases.

Component-resolved diagnosis of plant food allergy by SPT.

BACKGROUND: Fruits and vegetables may contain both labile and stable allergens. The former induce only OAS, whereas stable allergens may induce systemic reactions. Component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) of allergy to plant foods is therefore essential for the clinical management of allergic patients. METHODS: 80 adults allergic to plant foods underwent SPT with purified natural date palm profilin (Pho d 2), purified Mal d 1, a peach extract containing uniquely LTP, and with a kiwi extract containing uniquely stable allergens. RESULTS: 58 (72%) patients were monosensitized: 24 to Mal d 1, 24 to profilin, 7 to LTP, and 3 to kiwi. 22 patients were multi-sensitised: 14 to Mal d 1 and profilin, 2 to Mal d 1 and kiwi, 1 to LTP and profilin, 3 to LTP and Mal d 1, and 2 to LTP, Mal d 1 and profilin. Mal d 1 and LTP sensitisation were associated with apple and peach allergy, respectively, whereas profilin sensitisation was associated with allergy to melon, watermelon, banana, tomato and citrus fruits. 18/21 kiwi-allergic patients were sensitised to one of the cross-reacting allergens, but 2/18 reacted to kiwi-specific allergens as well. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with allergy to plant-derived foods CRD can be performed by SPT with purified allergen proteins. In the future, the availability of a larger number of purified natural or recombinant allergens for SPT will represent a simple means to classify food-allergic patients properly on the first visit.

Enfermedad tardía por citomegalovirus en el trasplante renal: dos casos clínicos / Late-onset cytomegalovirus disease following renal transplantation: a report of two cases

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