Identification and verification of feature biomarkers associated with immune cells in recurrent pregnancy loss.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the causes, diagnostic markers, and treatment methods for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) using bioinformatics approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bioinformatics methods were utilized to analyze gene expression databases to identify key genes and modules associated with RPL. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was employed to identify gene sets related to maternal-fetal immunity. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and protein-protein interaction networks were used to explore signaling pathways and molecular interactions in RPL. Immune cell infiltration was assessed using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). RESULTS: Thirteen genes were identified as potential diagnostic markers, some of which were involved in placental amino acid transport, glucose absorption, and reactive oxygen species production. Several gene sets related to protein transport, steroid synthesis, and glycosaminoglycan degradation were found to be associated with RPL. Immune cell infiltration analysis found that CD56bright NK cells and monocytes showed significantly increased infiltration in RPL and were associated with key hub genes. The validation of hub genes, including PCSK5, CCND2, SLC5A3, RASAL1, MYZAP, MFAP4, and P2RY14, as potential diagnostic markers, showed promising value. CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to a better understanding of the etiology of RPL and potential diagnostic markers. The identified immune-related gene sets, signaling pathways, and immune cell infiltrations provide valuable insights for future research and therapeutic advancements in RPL.

Application of hydrotalcite in soil immobilization of iodate (IO3 -).

Radioactive iodine is quite mobile in soil and poses threats to human health and the ecosystem. Many materials, including layered double hydroxides (LDH), have been synthesized to successfully capture iodine from aqueous environments. However, limited information is available on the application of LDH in soil to immobilize iodine species. In the present study, the feasibility of using Mg-Al-NO3 LDH for retention of soil iodate (IO3 -) in both batch and column systems was analyzed. The 2 : 1 Mg-Al-NO3 LDH exhibited the greatest removal efficiency of IO3 - from aqueous solution, compared with 3 : 1 and 4 : 1 Mg-Al-NO3 LDH. The Mg2-Al-NO3 LDH demonstrated a strong affinity for IO3 -, with a high sorption capacity of 149 528 mg kg-1 and a Freundlich affinity constant K F of 21 380 L kg-1. The addition of Mg2-Al-NO3 LDH in soil resulted in significant retention of IO3 - in both the batch and column experiments. The affinity parameter K F of soil with the addition of 1.33% Mg2-Al-NO3 LDH was 136 L kg-1, which was 28.6 times higher than soil without LDH added. Moreover, the eluted iodate percentage was only 12.9% in the soil column with the 1.33% Mg2-Al-NO3 LDH addition, whereas almost 43.5% iodate was washed out in the soil column without LDH addition. The results suggested that Mg2-Al-NO3 LDH could effectively immobilize iodate in soil without obvious interference.