RESUMO
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral cancer, with a poor prognosis, yet the underlying mechanism needs further exploration. Non-SMC condensin I complex subunit D2 (NCAPD2) is a widely expressed protein in OSCC, but its role in tumor development is unclear. This study aimed to explore NCAPD2 expression and its biological function in OSCC. NCAPD2 expression in OSCC cell lines and tissue specimens was analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Cancer cell growth was evaluated using cell proliferation, 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, and colony formation assays. Cell migration was evaluated using wound healing and Transwell assays. Apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. The influence of NCAPD2 on tumor growth in vivo was evaluated in a mouse xenograft model. NCAPD2 expression was significantly higher in OSCC than that in normal oral tissue. In vitro, the knockdown of NCAPD2 inhibited OSCC cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. NCAPD2 depletion also significantly inhibited the migration of OSCC cells. Moreover, NCAPD2 overexpression induced inverse effects on OSCC cell phenotypes. In vivo, we demonstrated that downregulating NCAPD2 could inhibit the tumorigenicity of OSCC cells. Mechanically, OSCC regulation by NCAPD2 involved the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway. These results suggest NCAPD2 as a novel oncogene with an important role in OSCC development and a candidate therapeutic target for OSCC.
Assuntos
Apoptose , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Movimento Celular , Proliferação de Células , Neoplasias Bucais , Via de Sinalização Wnt , Humanos , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Bucais/genética , Animais , Via de Sinalização Wnt/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/genética , Movimento Celular/genética , Apoptose/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Masculino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/genética , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , beta Catenina/metabolismoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of modified scene simulation teaching of endodontics in pre-clinical teaching. METHODS: Forty students were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group, there were 20 students in each group. Students in the experimental group were taught with modified scene simulation teaching method, while students in the control group were taught with traditional teaching method. The teaching quality was compared with SPSS 18.0 software package. RESULTS: The score of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group in history taking, medical records writing and practical performance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The teaching effect of modified scene simulation teaching in pre-clinical teaching is better than traditional teaching method. It makes students better grasp the clinical medical essentials and feels the patient's feelings, as well as help the students to improve their subjective initiative of learning.
Assuntos
Endodontia , Aprendizagem , Assistência Odontológica , Endodontia/educação , Humanos , Estudantes , EnsinoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the potential nutrition risk and analyze relative factors in patients with oral and maxillofacial cancer, and explore the treatment method of nutrition risk. METHODS: Eighty eight patients with oral and maxillofacial cancer were included in the present study. Their age, height, weight, clinical classification, level of hemoglobinãalbumin and prealbuminï¼present treatment were recorded and patients' body weight index (BMI) was calculated and scored based on a table of nutrition risk evaluation. The data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software package. RESULTS: In 88 cases of patients with oral and maxillofacial cancer, 18 patients had malnutrition (BMI<18.5 kg/m2), accounting for 20.45%; 49 patients had nutrition risk (NRS2000≥3 points), accounting for 55.68%. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with oral and maxillofacial cancer had high nutrition risk. The older the age, the higher the nutrition risk will be. Anemia, low albumin and low prealbumin will increase the incidence of nutrition risks.
Assuntos
Índice de Massa Corporal , Neoplasias Bucais , Estado Nutricional , Peso Corporal , Humanos , Neoplasias Bucais/complicações , Avaliação Nutricional , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Salivary gland malignant neoplasms (SGMNs) represent a group of malignant solid tumors with heterogeneity in their cellular make-up, which causes difficulty with regard to the immunohistochemical confirmation of their cytological features. In the present study, overexpression of the pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) was evaluated in human mucoepidermoid carcinoma specimens with a submaxillary salivary gland origin by immunohistochemical analysis, western blot analysis and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, a SGMN cell line was constructed, namely A-253 PTTG (+), which overexpressed PTTG. Subsequently, the regulatory role of PTTG in the proliferation and migration of A-253 cells was investigated. The immunohistochemical results demonstrated that there was a higher rate of PTTG-positive cells in the SGMN tissues when compared with the control submaxillary salivary gland tissues. Furthermore, PTTG expression at a mRNA and protein level was significantly higher in the SGMN specimens when compared with the control specimens. In addition, the rates of proliferation and migration of the A-253 PTTG (+) cells were significantly higher compared with the A-253 PTTG (-) cells. Therefore, PTTG was demonstrated to play an important role in SGMN cell proliferation and migration, and may subsequently be a notable marker for SGMN diagnosis and a potential target for anticancer therapy.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to establish an orthotopic transplantation model of rabbit tongue carcinoma and study its biological characteristics. METHODS: Tongue carcinoma was induced in purebred New Zealand white rabbits by exposure to 7,12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene and mechanical stimulation. Fresh tumor tissues obtained from the induced tongue carcinoma model were then serially transplanted orthotopically into tongues of healthy rabbits. The tumor formation rate, invasion to surrounding tissues, regional lymph node metastases, and distant-organ metastases were investigated. Morphological observation by optical and electron microscopy, immunohistochemical examination, and chromosome analysis were performed. RESULTS: An orthotopic transplantation model of rabbit tongue carcinoma, designated as RSCC-2, was established. The tongue cancer was poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The tumor cell was hypotetraploid with a chromosome mode of 70. Immunohisto chemical examination showed positive staining for keratin. The tongue carcinoma survived in rabbits for 73 rounds of transplantation, using 465 rabbits in total. The average latent period was 12.5 days, and the average rabbit survival period was 37.5 days. The tumor formation rate was 10% to 20% in the first 20 rounds and increased gradually thereafter. After the 45th transplantation, the tumor formation rate and success rate of preservation in liquid nitrogen reached 100%. Regional lymph node metastases (35%) and lung metastases (20%) occurred after 50 rounds. In the advanced stage, tumors invaded the entire tongue. Animals suffered from weight loss and died of cachexia. CONCLUSIONS: RSCC-2 is the first animal model for orthotopical transplantation of primary tongue carcinoma. It successfully simulates the clinical pathological process of primary tongue cancer in human, provides invaluable insights into the pathogenesis and metastasis mechanisms, and can be useful for evaluating new therapeutics for the treatment of tongue cancer.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Neoplasias da Língua/patologia , Animais , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/induzido quimicamente , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/ultraestrutura , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Microscopia Eletrônica , Transplante de Neoplasias/métodos , Coelhos , Neoplasias da Língua/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias da Língua/ultraestruturaRESUMO
The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is increasing but the long-term survival rate remains low. An animal model would therefore be helpful for evaluation of new treatment modalities for oral SCC. Hamster is small animal, therefore, the cancer of hamster cheek pouch is not optimal for tumor imaging. The VX2 cell line has been used in many carcinoma-related studies, including oral SCC research, but it is derived from cutaneous tissue and not mucosa. We chemically induced tongue squamous cell carcinoma in rabbits and subsequently established a rabbit squamous cell line. The cells grew in multiple layers without contact inhibition for 60 passages over 2 years and were positive for cytokeratin (CK). Electron microscopy revealed that cells were polygonal with rich microvilli on the surface, and there were desmosomes between cells and bundles of tonofibril beside the cell membrane. The chromosome number ranged from 71 to 272, with a modal value of 145 (12.4%). The cells were transplantable into nude mice subcutaneously or rabbit submucosally and produced carcinomas in all the animals. The cell line should be a useful tool for the study of the biological characteristics of oral SCC, especially tongue SCC.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , 9,10-Dimetil-1,2-benzantraceno , Animais , Carcinógenos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/induzido quimicamente , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/ultraestrutura , Ciclo Celular , Linhagem Celular Tumoral/ultraestrutura , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Mucosa Bucal , Neoplasias Bucais/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias Bucais/genética , Neoplasias Bucais/ultraestrutura , Coelhos , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue is one of the most common cancers in the oral and maxillofacial region. To provide clinical evidence for selective neck dissection in management of cN0 patients by analyzing the characteristics and correlation of factors of occult cervical lymph node metastases (OCLNM) in patients with SCC of the tongue. METHODS: From 2002 to 2006, 100 consecutive patients with SCC of the tongue were reviewed by analyzing the characteristics of OCLNM, diameter of the tumor, T classifications, depth of invasion, forms of growth, pathological grade and degree of differentiation. RESULTS: The rate of OCLNM in 100 patients with SCC of the tongue was 22%. The most common region with OCLNM was level II in the ipsilateral neck, followed by levels I and III. There were 51.61% (16/31) of OCLNM in level II and 87.10% (27/31) of OCLNM in levels I - III. There was no significant correlation between the diameter of tumor and OCLNM (P > 0.05). OCLNM was statistically significantly correlated with the depth of invasion, forms of growth, pathological grade and degree of differentiation (P < 0.05). The rate of occult metastases increased with the increased pathological grade, the decreased degree of differentiation and the increased depth of invasion. CONCLUSIONS: The most common regions with OCLNM in cN0 patients with SCC of the tongue were levels I - III in the ipsilateral neck. Supraomohyoid neck dissection should be the elective treatment to the neck in patients with cN0 SCC of the tongue by consideration of the clinical and pathological factors for the depth of invasion, forms of growth, pathological grade, and degree of differentiation.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Neoplasias da Língua/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Metástase Linfática , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pescoço , Esvaziamento Cervical , Neoplasias da Língua/cirurgiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study was designed to explore the method for increasing the target-specific action of anticancer agent in treating tongue squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: 30 purebred New Zealand rabbits burdened with tongue squamous cell carcinoma were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group A was treated with adriamycin and group B treated with adriamycin nanoparticles, with 15 animals in each group. The adriamycin and poly (buty1-2-cyanoacrylate)-adriamycin nanoparticles (mean diameter 93.1 nm+/-11.7 nm) with 1 mg/ml in concentration were administered respectively to subjects through super-selective lingual arterial tuber. The dose was 2 mg/kg for each group. 1, 5 and 15 hours after administration, 5 subjects were sacrificed and the tongue, carcinoma in tongue tissue, heart, liver, spleen, kidney and plasma were examined through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to identify the drug concentration. The data then underwent Student's t test. RESULTS: The drug concentration in the tongue and carcinoma in group B were significantly higher than those in group A (P<0.01). The drug concentration in heart, liver, spleen, kidney and plasma of group B were significantly lower than those of group A (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The super-selective lingual arterial administration of adriamycin nanoparticles can reinforce the target-specific action of anticancer agent, increase the drug concentration within the lesion and decrease it in non-specific organs.