Coelogynopora schockaerti n. sp. (Proseriata: Coelogynoporidae), a remnant of a platyhelminth coldwater fauna in the northwestern Mediterranean?

Coelogynopora schockaerti n. sp. (Proseriata: Coelogynoporidae) is described from the northwestern Gulf of Lion, Mediterranean. Only a few representatives of this genus are reported from Mediterranean marine sandy shores and only from the northwestern to central Mediterranean, but all of these species also occur outside the Mediterranean. So far, C. schockaerti n. sp. is the only species exclusively known from the Mediterranean. The species is solely encountered in the Gulf of Lion, a coldwater pocket in the Mediterranean and can, therefore, be considered as a remnant of an ancient coldwater platyhelminth fauna. C. schockaerti n. sp. is characterized by the shape and size of the spines of the male copulatory organ and the presence, orientation, shape and size of the two accessory spines.  An identification key is given for the entire genus.

On the genus Typhlopolycystis Karling, 1956 (Platyhelminthes, Kalyptorhynchia, Polycystididae), with data on the five known species and the description of eleven new species.

An overview is given of all representatives of the genus Typhlopolycystis Karling, 1956: the five known species (T. coeca Karling, 1956; T. mediterranea Brunet, 1965; T. coomansi Schockaert and Karling, 1975; T. schockaerti Karling, 1978 and T. rubra Noldt and Reise, 1985) and eleven new species: T. microphthalma n. sp. from S. France, T. fonsecai n. sp. and T. maikoni n. sp. from Brazil, T. norenburgi n. sp. and T. leasiae n.sp from the Pacific coast of Panama, T. pluvialiae n. sp. from Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain), T. riegeri n. sp. from Tanzania, T. tahitienis n. sp. from French Polynesia, T. australiensis n. sp. from South Australia, T. sarda n. sp. from Sardinia (Italy), the S. of France and from Lanzarote, and T. errata n. sp. from Sardinia (Italy). We consider T. limicola Schilke, 1970 as a species inquirenda of which no type material exists. Finally, some comments are given on the distribution of the genus of which representatives have been found in almost all places that have been sampled world wide.