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3.
Patient Prefer Adherence ; 3: 311-21, 2009 Nov 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19936174

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To measure the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and their caregivers, and to assess which factors can best describe HRQoL. METHODS: A cross-sectional multicenter study of nine hospitals enrolled MS patients and their caregivers who attended outpatient clinics consecutively. The instruments used were the SF-36 for patients and the SF-12 and GHQ-12 for caregivers. Classification and regression tree analysis was used to analyze the explanatory factors of HRQoL. RESULTS: A total of 705 patients (mean age 40.4 years, median Expanded Disability Status Scale 2.5, 77.8% with relapsing-remitting MS) and 551 caregivers (mean age 45.4 years) participated in the study. MS patients had significantly lower HRQoL than in the general population (physical SF-36: 39.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 39.1-40.6; mental SF-36: 44.4; 95% CI: 43.5-45.3). Caregivers also presented lower HRQoL than general population, especially in its mental domain (mental SF-12: 46.4; 95% CI: 45.5-47.3). Moreover, according to GHQ-12, 27% of caregivers presented probable psychological distress. Disability and co-morbidity in patients, and co-morbidity and employment status in caregivers, were the most important explanatory factors of their HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS: Not only the HRQoL of patients with MS, but also that of their caregivers, is indeed notably affected. Caregivers' HRQoL is close to population of chronic illness even that the patients sample has a mild clinical severity and that caregiving role is a usual task in the study context.

5.
Gac Sanit ; 22 Suppl 1: 192-7, 2008 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18405570

RESUMO

To democratize health services, citizen participation should be free, informed and involve choice. To achieve this, a formal and public system of health services' evaluation is required. The present article aims to argue the need to promote the participation of patients and persons affected by disease to achieve greater democratization of health services and improve the effectiveness of healthcare. Qualitative studies and population surveys can be used to assess the extent to which greater participation is being achieved. To this end, the present article uses information extracted from distinct qualitative studies performed in Spanish patients by the team of the Josep Laporte Foundation Library since 2000. The "paradoxes" found in diagnosis allow some recommendations to be made on health policy. There is a substantial chasm between the working of the health system and citizens' perceptions, indicating the need for a communication strategy that would help the majority of citizens - and especially patients as direct users - to identify basic elements of the system. Despite state and regional legislation on patients' rights, a large proportion of patients remain unaware of these rights. This situation reveals the possible discrepancy between legislative and executive settings. The laws shaping health policy should be evaluated to consolidate democratic processes. Providing credibility and publicizing patient rights could legitimize the introduction of the need for dialogue on patients' responsibilities.


Assuntos
Participação do Paciente , Direitos do Paciente , Humanos , Espanha
7.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 22(supl.1): 192-197, abr. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-62019

RESUMO

La participación ciudadana, para la democratización de losservicios de salud, debe ser libre, informada y con capacidadde elección. Para ello se requiere un sistema formal y públicode ®rendición de cuentas», o evaluación de los servicios de salud.El objetivo de este artículo es defender la necesidad de promoverla participación de los pacientes y de las personas afectadaspor la enfermedad para conseguir una mayor democratizaciónde la sanidad e intentar mejorar la efectividad de laatención sanitaria. Algo que puede avalarse mediante la observaciónde un cambio de tendencias hacia un nuevo modelode paciente con estudios cualitativos y con encuestas a lapoblación. Para ello, se utiliza la información extraída de diferentesestudios cualitativos realizados en pacientes españolespor el equipo de profesionales de la Fundació Biblioteca JosepLaporte desde el año 2000.Las ®paradojas» encontradas en el diagnóstico permiten realizaralgunas recomendaciones de política sanitaria. Hay una desconexiónimportante entre el funcionamiento del sistema sanitarioy la percepción de los ciudadanos, lo que permiteidentificar la necesidad de realizar una estrategia de comunicaciónque ayude a conocer elementos básicos del sistema ala mayor parte de los ciudadanos, y especialmente a los pacientescomo usuarios directos. También destacamos el elevado desconocimientoque tienen los ciudadanos de sus derechos formalescomo pacientes, a pesar de la existencia de legislaciónestatal y autonómica sobre dichos derechos. Esta situación reflejala posible discrepancia entre los ámbitos legislativo y ejecutivo.Las leyes que conforman la política sanitaria deberíanevaluarse con el propósito de consolidar los procesos democráticos.Este hecho es importante, ya que dar credibilidad y publicidada los derechos de los pacientes puede legitimar la necesariaintroducción del necesario diálogo sobre sus obligaciones(AU)


To democratize health services, citizen participation shouldbe free, informed and involve choice. To achieve this, a formaland public system of health services’ evaluation is required.The present article aims to argue the need to promotethe participation of patients and persons affected bydisease to achieve greater democratization of health servicesand improve the effectiveness of healthcare. Qualitativestudies and population surveys can be used to assessthe extent to which greater participation is being achieved.To this end, the present article uses information extractedfrom distinct qualitative studies performed in Spanish patientsby the team of the Josep Laporte Foundation Librarysince 2000.The “paradoxes” found in diagnosis allow some recommendationsto be made on health policy. There is a substantialchasm between the working of the health system andcitizens’ perceptions, indicating the need for a communicationstrategy that would help the majority of citizens – andespecially patients as direct users – to identify basic elementsof the system. Despite state and regional legislation on patients’rights, a large proportion of patients remain unawareof these rights. This situation reveals the possible discrepancybetween legislative and executive settings. The laws shapinghealth policy should be evaluated to consolidate democraticprocesses. Providing credibility and publicizing patient rightscould legitimize the introduction of the need for dialogue onpatients’ responsibilities(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Direitos do Paciente/normas , Pacientes/classificação , Pacientes/estatística & dados numéricos , Avaliação de Eficácia-Efetividade de Intervenções , /normas , Participação da Comunidade/tendências , Participação do Paciente/legislação & jurisprudência , Participação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Participação do Paciente/tendências , Defesa do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Efetividade , Direitos do Paciente/classificação , Defesa do Paciente/normas , Defesa do Paciente/tendências , Pacientes/legislação & jurisprudência , Participação do Paciente/economia , Participação do Paciente/métodos
8.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 22(supl.1): 192-197, abr. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-71593

RESUMO

La participación ciudadana, para la democratización de los servicios de salud, debe ser libre, informada y con capacidad de elección. Para ello se requiere un sistema formal y público de «rendición de cuentas», o evaluación de los servicios de salud. El objetivo de este artículo es defender la necesidad de promover la participación de los pacientes y de las personas afectadas por la enfermedad para conseguir una mayor democratización de la sanidad e intentar mejorar la efectividad de la atención sanitaria. Algo que puede avalarse mediante la observación de un cambio de tendencias hacia un nuevo modelo de paciente con estudios cualitativos y con encuestas a la población. Para ello, se utiliza la información extraída de diferentes estudios cualitativos realizados en pacientes españoles por el equipo de profesionales de la Fundació Biblioteca Josep Laporte desde el año 2000. Las «paradojas» encontradas en el diagnóstico permiten realizar algunas recomendaciones de política sanitaria. Hay una desconexión importante entre el funcionamiento del sistema sanitario y la percepción de los ciudadanos, lo que permite identificar la necesidad de realizar una estrategia de comunicación que ayude a conocer elementos básicos del sistema a la mayor parte de los ciudadanos, y especialmente a los pacientes como usuarios directos. También destacamos el elevado desconocimiento que tienen los ciudadanos de sus derechos formales como pacientes, a pesar de la existencia de legislación estatal y autonómica sobre dichos derechos. Esta situación refleja la posible discrepancia entre los ámbitos legislativo y ejecutivo. Las leyes que conforman la política sanitaria deberían evaluarse con el propósito de consolidar los procesos democráticos. Este hecho es importante, ya que dar credibilidad y publicidad a los derechos de los pacientes puede legitimar la necesaria introducción del necesario diálogo sobre sus obligaciones


To democratize health services, citizen participation should be free, informed and involve choice. To achieve this, a formal and public system of health services¿ evaluation is required. The present article aims to argue the need to promote the participation of patients and persons affected by disease to achieve greater democratization of health services and improve the effectiveness of healthcare. Qualitative studies and population surveys can be used to assess the extent to which greater participation is being achieved. To this end, the present article uses information extracted from distinct qualitative studies performed in Spanish patients by the team of the Josep Laporte Foundation Library since 2000. The ¿paradoxes¿ found in diagnosis allow some recommendations to be made on health policy. There is a substantial chasm between the working of the health system and citizens¿ perceptions, indicating the need for a communication strategy that would help the majority of citizens ¿ and especially patients as direct users ¿ to identify basic elements of the system. Despite state and regional legislation on patients¿ rights, a large proportion of patients remain unaware of these rights. This situation reveals the possible discrepancy between legislative and executive settings. The laws shaping health policy should be evaluated to consolidate democratic processes. Providing credibility and publicizing patient rights could legitimize the introduction of the need for dialogue on patients' responsibilities (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Participação do Paciente , Direitos do Paciente , Espanha
11.
Rev Enferm ; 30(5): 12-3, 15-8, 2007 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17623942

RESUMO

Besides the organic disease, there is another emotional disease and also another latent social disease in an ill person and in his/her environment. This emotional disease is determined by the psychological stress caused in the persons suffering a disease and in his/her relatives. To that disease, often a social disease is added. This last disease is driven by one becoming stigmatized, and at times a self-stigmatic process in the patient himself/herself, which tends to isolate a patient in his/her closest surroundings and to make him/her a recluse inside his/her house which leads to a suspension of social relationships.


Assuntos
Afeto , Relações Enfermeiro-Paciente , Enfermagem/normas , Humanos
12.
Rev. Rol enferm ; 30(5): 332-338, mayo 2007. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-79742

RESUMO

Además de la enfermedad orgánica existen una enfermedad emocional y otra social latentes en la persona enferma y en su entorno. La emocional viene determinada por el estrés psicológico causado en las personas que la padecen y en sus familiares. A ello se añade, en muchos casos, la enfermedad social. Esta última está promovida por la estigmatización y, a veces, autoestigmatización de los propios pacientes, que tienden a aislarse de su entorno más cercano y a recluirse en su domicilio suspendiendo las relaciones sociales(AU)


Besides the organic disease, there is another emotional disease and also another latent social disease in an ill person and in his/her environment. This emotional disease is determined by the psychological stress caused in the persons suffering a disease and in his/her relatives. To that disease, often a social disease is added. This last disease is driven by one becoming stigmatized, and at times a self-stigmatic process in the patient himself/herself, which tends to isolate a patient in his/her closest surroundings and to make him/her a recluse inside his/her house which leads to a suspension of social relationships(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Isolamento Social/psicologia , Pacientes Domiciliares/psicologia , Cuidados de Enfermagem/tendências , Idoso Fragilizado/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico/complicações
14.
Aten. primaria ; 38(4): 234-237, 15 sept. 2006. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CidSaúde - Cidades saudáveis | ID: cid-56755
16.
Rev. adm. sanit. siglo XXI ; 3(3): 495-503, jul.-sept. 2005. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-043132

RESUMO

Los Sistemas Sanitarios están sujetos a un proceso de cambio social sin precedentes en la historia de la humanidad. La rapidez del cambio supera la capacidad de los agentes sociales para poder asumirlo y realizar las acciones necesarias para gestionarlo en tiempo real. Este proceso de cambio social viene determinados por las transiciones sanitarias, que definen los fenómenos sociales que lo promueven. Entre estas transiciones sanitarias destaca la transición ética que determina los valores que permiten determinar prioridades en los procesos de toma de decisiones sanitarias. Estos valores pueden estructurarse en torno a un contrato social entre la ciudadanía, los profesionales sanitarios y las clases dirigentes. Ello implica replantearse los principios del profesionalismo e introducir entre los mismos la rendición de cuentas razonada


Health Systems are subject to an unprecedented process of social change in the history of mankind. The speed of the change exceeds the capacity of social agents to assume it and carry out the necessary actions to manage it in real time. This process of social change is determined by the health care transitions, that define the social phenomena promoting it. Among these health care transitions, ethical transition, that determines the values the make it possible to determine priorities in the health care decision making processes, stands out. These values may be structured around a social contract between the citizens, health care professionals and governing classes. This implies reestablishing the principles of professionalism and introducing reasoned accountability among them


Assuntos
Humanos , Contratos/tendências , Prática Profissional/tendências , Corpo Clínico Hospitalar/tendências , Sistemas de Saúde/tendências , Mudança Social , Tomada de Decisões/ética , Valores Sociais
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