Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 50
Filtrar
1.
Rev Neurol (Paris) ; 179(3): 218-222, 2023 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36473747

RESUMO

Facial nerve paralysis or Bell's palsy have been suggested as possible consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infections, as well as possible side effects of COVID-19 vaccinations. Google Trends data have been used to evaluate worldwide levels of public awareness for these topics for pre- and post-pandemic years. The results demonstrate a relatively low public interest in facial nerve paralysis in comparison to other more common COVID-19 related topics. Some peaks of interest in Bell's palsy can most likely be explained as triggered by the media. Therefore, Google Trends has shown public's relatively low awareness of this rare neurological phenomenon during the pandemic.


Assuntos
Paralisia de Bell , COVID-19 , Paralisia Facial , Humanos , Vacinas contra COVID-19 , Nervo Facial , Ferramenta de Busca , SARS-CoV-2
2.
Hautarzt ; 71(2): 101-108, 2020 Feb.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31965207

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Since the establishment of dermoscopy as a routine examination procedure in dermatology, the spectrum of noninvasive, optical devices has further expanded. In difficult-to-diagnose clinical cases, these systems may support dermatologists to arrive at a correct diagnosis without the need for a surgical biopsy. OBJECTIVE: To give an overview about technical background, indications and diagnostic performance regarding four new optical procedures: reflectance confocal microscopy, in vivo multiphoton tomography, dermatofluoroscopy, and systems based on image analysis by artificial intelligence (AI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This article is based on a selective review of the literature, as well as the authors' personal experience from clinical studies relevant for market approval of the devices. RESULTS: In contrast to standard histopathological slides with vertical cross sections, reflectance confocal microscopy and in vivo multiphoton tomography allow for "optical biopsies" with horizontal cross sections. Dermatofluoroscopy and AI-based image analyzers provide a numerical score, which helps to correctly classify a skin lesion. The presented new optical procedures may be applied for the diagnosis of skin cancer as well as inflammatory skin diseases. CONCLUSION: The presented optical procedures provide valuable additional information that supports dermatologists in making the correct diagnosis. However, a surgical biopsy followed by dermatohistopathological examination remains the diagnostic gold standard in dermatology.


Assuntos
Dermatologia , Dermatopatias , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Dermoscopia , Humanos , Microscopia Confocal , Pele , Dermatopatias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico
3.
Br J Dermatol ; 182(6): 1369-1378, 2020 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31545507

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) exhibit aberrant activation of the hedgehog pathway. Sonidegib is a hedgehog pathway inhibitor approved for the treatment of locally advanced BCC (laBCC) and metastatic BCC (mBCC) based on primary results of the BOLT study [Basal Cell Carcinoma Outcomes with LDE225 (sonidegib) Treatment]. OBJECTIVES: This is the final 42-month analysis of the BOLT study, evaluating the efficacy and safety of sonidegib. METHODS: Adults with no prior hedgehog pathway inhibitor therapy were randomized in a 1 : 2 ratio to sonidegib 200 mg or 800 mg once daily. Treatment continued for up to 42 months or until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, death, study termination or withdrawal of consent. The primary efficacy end point was the objective response rate (ORR) by central review, assessed at baseline; weeks 5, 9 and 17; then subsequently every 8 or 12 weeks during years 1 or 2, respectively. Safety end points included adverse event monitoring and reporting. RESULTS: The study enrolled 230 patients, 79 and 151 in the 200-mg and 800-mg groups, respectively, of whom 8% and 3.3% remained on treatment by the 42-month cutoff, respectively. The ORRs by central review were 56% [95% confidence interval (CI) 43-68] for laBCC and 8% (95% CI 0·2-36) for mBCC in the 200-mg group and 46·1% (95% CI 37·2-55·1) for laBCC and 17% (95% CI 5-39) for mBCC in the 800-mg group. No new safety concerns emerged. CONCLUSIONS: Sonidegib demonstrated sustained efficacy and a manageable safety profile. The final BOLT results support sonidegib as a viable treatment option for laBCC and mBCC. What's already known about this topic? Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually treatable with surgery or radiation therapy, but there are limited treatment options for patients with advanced BCC. Sonidegib, a hedgehog pathway inhibitor approved for the treatment of advanced BCC, demonstrated clinically relevant efficacy and manageable safety in prior analyses of the phase II randomized, double-blind BOLT study [Basal Cell Carcinoma Outcomes with LDE225 (sonidegib) Treatment]. What does this study add? This final 42-month analysis of BOLT is the longest follow-up available for a hedgehog pathway inhibitor. Clinically relevant efficacy results were sustained from prior analyses, with objective response rates by central review of the approved 200-mg daily dose of 56% in locally advanced BCC and 8% in metastatic BCC. No new safety concerns were raised. The results confirmed sonidegib as a viable long-term treatment option for patients with advanced BCC.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Carcinoma Basocelular , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Adulto , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Compostos de Bifenilo , Carcinoma Basocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Proteínas Hedgehog , Humanos , Piridinas/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico
4.
Skin Res Technol ; 25(1): 68-78, 2019 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29923636

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Diagnostics of healing, infection, and inflammation in chronic wounds in comparison with physiological wound healing in acute wounds may help for therapy decisions toward individualized therapy management. With emerging new optical techniques the coupling of optical diagnostic devices with tissue provides a great challenge. Traditional coupling with cover slips is used since the early days of microscopy. In modern health care, hygienic covering of surfaces is necessary to avoid infections and cross-contaminations. METHODS: Measurements in chronic wounds were performed at three different areas including the center of the wound, the border of the wound and healthy skin as comparison area. For each measurement area, three vertical stacks were taken by MPT. Additionally, three different optical measuring procedures (MPT, OCT, CLSM) were used for the examination of BNC foil. Examinations of BNC foil were carried out at two different areas of healthy skin compared to a standard setup as control. RESULTS: The MPT evaluation revealed a distinct difference in the second harmonic generation-to-autofluorescence aging index of dermis (SAAID) behavior between the vertical stacks taken at central wound areas and wound margins as well as unaffected skin. Through BNC foil covers, MPT CLSM and OCT images were captured with good quantitative and qualitative results. CONCLUSIONS: Phases in chronic wounds could be matched with physiologically healing in acute wounds according to SAAID and MPT imaging. BNC provided an alternative covering for MPT, OCT, and CLSM with clear morphological images.


Assuntos
Bactérias/metabolismo , Celulose/farmacologia , Pele/lesões , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Bandagens , Humanos , Microscopia de Fluorescência por Excitação Multifotônica , Nanoestruturas/química , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/métodos
5.
Skin Res Technol ; 24(3): 445-449, 2018 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29405439

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Mucous membranes may be affected by various diseases and the diagnostic accessibility is limited. Multiphoton laser tomography (MPT) is a useful tool for in vivo evaluation of superficial skin structures and might also be useful for the imaging of mucosa. OBJECTIVES: In order to investigate the suitability of MPT for the evaluation of mucous membranes, tissue samples of different donors and anatomical localizations have been imaged. METHODS: Human mucosa samples from the urinary bladder, palatine tonsil and ocular conjunctiva were investigated by MPT and subsequently compared with conventional histology. RESULTS: Horizontal images of the epithelium and the underlying connective tissue were obtained using the autofluorescence and second harmonics generation signals by MPT. The stratification of multilayered epithelium was consistently reproduced. Also inflammatory changes like lymphocytic infiltrates and widened intercellular spaces were imaged in some cases. CONCLUSION: Mucous tissue samples were obtained and MPT imaging was successfully performed. In the direct comparison with histology of the same tissue samples, the characteristic morphology of the epithelia was found. Further studies are necessary in order to compare images of healthy and diseased mucosal epithelium and the use of MPT for its evaluation in vivo.


Assuntos
Túnica Conjuntiva/anatomia & histologia , Mucosa/anatomia & histologia , Tonsila Palatina/anatomia & histologia , Bexiga Urinária/anatomia & histologia , Humanos , Lasers , Mucosa/patologia , Tonsila Palatina/patologia , Tomografia
6.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol ; 32(3): 372-381, 2018 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28846163

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Patients with locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (laBCC) or metastatic BCC (mBCC), two difficult-to-treat populations, have had limited treatment options. Sonidegib, a hedgehog pathway inhibitor (HPI), was approved in laBCC based on results from the BOLT trial. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate long-term efficacy and safety of sonidegib in laBCC and mBCC in the BOLT 18- and 30-month analyses. METHODS: BOLT (NCT01327053, ClinicalTrials.gov), a double-blind phase 2 study, enrolled patients from July 2011 until January 2013. Eligible HPI-treatment-naïve patients with laBCC not amenable to curative surgery/radiotherapy or mBCC were randomized 1 : 2 to sonidegib 200 mg (laBCC, n = 66; mBCC, n = 13) or 800 mg (laBCC, n = 128; mBCC, n = 23). Tumour response was assessed per central and investigator review. RESULTS: With 30 months of follow-up, among patients treated with sonidegib 200 mg (approved dose), objective response rates were 56.1% (central) and 71.2% (investigator) in laBCC and 7.7% (central) and 23.1% (investigator) in mBCC. Tumour responses were durable as follows: median duration of response was 26.1 months (central) and 15.7 months (investigator) in laBCC and 24.0 months (central) and 18.1 months (investigator) in mBCC. Five patients with laBCC and three with mBCC in the 200-mg arm died. Median overall survival was not reached in either population; 2-year overall survival rates were 93.2% (laBCC) and 69.3% (mBCC). In laBCC, efficacy was similar regardless of aggressive or non-aggressive histology. Sonidegib 200 mg continued to have a better safety profile than 800 mg, with lower rates of grade 3/4 adverse events (43.0% vs. 64.0%) and adverse events leading to discontinuation (30.4% vs. 40.0%). CONCLUSION: Sonidegib continued to demonstrate long-term efficacy and safety in these populations. These data support the use of sonidegib 200 mg per local treatment guidelines.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Compostos de Bifenilo/uso terapêutico , Carcinoma Basocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Basocelular/patologia , Piridinas/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Compostos de Bifenilo/efeitos adversos , Compostos de Bifenilo/farmacologia , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Seguimentos , Proteínas Hedgehog/antagonistas & inibidores , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica , Piridinas/efeitos adversos , Piridinas/farmacologia , Taxa de Sobrevida , Resultado do Tratamento
7.
Skin Res Technol ; 23(4): 452-458, 2017 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28271554

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The multiphoton tomography (MPT) has evolved into a useful tool for the non-invasive investigation of morphological and biophysical characteristics of human skin in vivo. Until now, changes of the skin have been evaluated mainly by using clinical and histological techniques. In this study, the progress of wound healing was investigated by MPT over 3 weeks with a final examination after 24 months. Especially, the collagen degradation, reepithelization and tissue formation were examined. As specific parameter for wound healing and its course the second-harmonic generation-to-autofluorescence aging index of dermis (SAAID) was used. METHODS: About 10 volunteers aged between 25 and 58 years were examined. Acute wounds were scanned with three Z-stacks taken per visit. The stacks were taken up to a depth of 225 µm at increments of 5 µm and a scan time for 3 seconds per scan. Subsequently, the SAAID was evaluated as an indicator for wound healing. Furthermore, single scans were taken for morphological investigations. RESULTS: The evaluation revealed a distinct difference in the SAAID behavior between the Z-stacks taken at each visit. Furthermore, the degradation of collagen and cells and their reappearance could be shown in the course of the visits. CONCLUSIONS: Clear differences in the curve behavior of the SAAID at every visit were shown in this study. The SAAID curves and morphological images could be correlated with findings of the clinical examination of different wound healing phases. Therefore, SAAID curves and morphological MPT imaging could provide a non-invasive tool for the determination of wound healing phases in patients in vivo.


Assuntos
Cicatrização/fisiologia , Adulto , Colágeno/fisiologia , Curetagem , Epiderme/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Microscopia de Fluorescência por Excitação Multifotônica/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Tomografia/métodos
8.
Skin Res Technol ; 22(4): 437-442, 2016 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26853735

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Multiphoton laser tomography (MPT) is a non-invasive technique that allows imaging of skin in vivo with very high spatial resolution and contrast. Previous work of our group has demonstrated that known morphological changes due to erythematogenic ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation may be imaged in vivo by MPT. The present work investigated if morphological skin changes known from experimental erythematogenic UVB irradiation are also demonstrable in the course of a standard phototherapy regime that implies suberythematogenic doses of narrow band UVB. METHODS: Sixteen patients with psoriasis vulgaris receiving a narrow band phototherapy were included. A test field and a light-protected control field were measured with the multiphoton tomograph DermaInspect® at four time points: at baseline, the next day, after 3 days and at the day of the last exposure. RESULTS: In the course of the UVB phototherapy, spongiosis and pleomorphy as parameters of inflammation and cellular damage did not show significant changes. By contrast, an adaptive skin reaction with significant changes of keratosis and pigmentation was observed. CONCLUSION: MPT is a suitable technique for the investigation of qualitative and quantitative skin changes after UVB irradiation. After suberythematogenic UVB irradiation, photoadaptive skin changes, but no cellular damage can be observed with MPT.


Assuntos
Epiderme/diagnóstico por imagem , Epiderme/efeitos da radiação , Microscopia de Fluorescência por Excitação Multifotônica/métodos , Psoríase/diagnóstico por imagem , Psoríase/radioterapia , Terapia Ultravioleta/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Epiderme/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lasers , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Psoríase/patologia , Tomografia Óptica/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
9.
Hautarzt ; 67(2): 117-24, 2016 Feb.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26746403

RESUMO

Aging affects human skin and is becoming increasingly important with regard to medical, social and aesthetic issues. Detection of intrinsic and extrinsic components of skin aging requires reliable measurement methods. Modern techniques, e.g., based on direct imaging, spectroscopy or skin physiological measurements, provide a broad spectrum of parameters for different applications.


Assuntos
Dermoscopia/métodos , Teste de Materiais/métodos , Envelhecimento da Pele/patologia , Envelhecimento da Pele/fisiologia , Pele/patologia , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/métodos , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Humanos , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Microscopia Confocal/métodos , Microscopia de Fluorescência por Excitação Multifotônica/métodos , Perda Insensível de Água/fisiologia
10.
Skin Res Technol ; 22(3): 356-62, 2016 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26456590

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The in vivo multiphoton tomography has evolved into a useful tool for the non-invasive investigation of morphological and biophysical characteristics of human skin. Until now, changes of skin have been evaluated mainly by clinical and histological techniques. The current study addresses the effects of a changed acquisition time for single scans in a Z-stack on the directly related qualitative and quantitative interpretability of the data. METHODS: A test area of the skin was used for scanning 12 Z-stacks of 10 volunteers aged between 25 and 34 years. The stacks were taken up to a depth of 220 µm at increments of 10 µm at four different times, 1, 3, 7, 13 s, per scan. Subsequently, the second harmonic generation (SHG)-to-autofluorescence aging index of dermis (SAAID) was evaluated at three different measuring depths, i.e. at the maximum of SHG as well as at depths of 60 and 150 µm. RESULTS: The evaluation did not reveal any significant differences in the SAAID behavior between the Z-stacks of each test area scanned at different acquisition times. However, the acquisition time of 1 s/frame increases the measurement stability without influencing the SAAID behavior. The resolution of subcellular structures decreases significantly at scan times ≤3 s, whereas the acquisition time from 7 to 13 s warrants a high image quality. CONCLUSION: The study has shown that there are no significant differences between the scan speeds per scan in a Z-stack and the resulting SAAID. Acquisition times of 7 s are suitable for the morphological evaluation whereas a further extension to 13 s does not result in any benefits. A scan time per image of 1 s is sufficient for the quantitative evaluation of SAAID thus substantially reducing the possible influence of movement artifacts.


Assuntos
Algoritmos , Aumento da Imagem/métodos , Microscopia Intravital/métodos , Microscopia de Fluorescência por Excitação Multifotônica/métodos , Pele/citologia , Tomografia Óptica/métodos , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
11.
Hautarzt ; 66(7): 511-21, 2015 Jul.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25943693

RESUMO

In recent years, multiphoton tomography (MPT) and multiphoton microscopy have gained increasing importance as noninvasive examination techniques in dermatology. MPT imaging is based on the specific stimulation of biogenic fluorophores. The induction of second harmonic generation is also used for imaging of particular molecules. Additional fluorescence staining or fluorescence markers are not necessary-an important advantage for the in vivo examination of human skin. Multiphoton techniques are not only appropriate for clinical diagnostics but also for biomedical research. MPT provides an optical biopsy depth up to 200 µm with subcellular resolution depicting cellular and extracellular structures. In combination with fluorescence lifetime imaging, additional information about the microenvironment, the energetic state and the cellular metabolism can be obtained. This review presents recent developments of MPT for the in vivo evaluation of physiological and pathological changes of skin and diagnostics of dermal diseases.


Assuntos
Microscopia de Fluorescência por Excitação Multifotônica/métodos , Imagem Molecular/métodos , Dermatopatias/metabolismo , Dermatopatias/patologia , Pele/metabolismo , Pele/patologia , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Dermoscopia/métodos , Humanos , Aumento da Imagem/métodos , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos
12.
Ann Oncol ; 26(3): 573-82, 2015 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25524477

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Kinase inhibitors targeting the BRAF V600 mutation have become standard in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. Albeit in wide clinical use, the patterns associated with therapy outcome are not fully elucidated. The present study was aimed to identify predictive factors of therapy response and survival under the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This multicenter retrospective study analyzed patient, tumor, and pretreatment characteristics collected in BRAF V600-mutated stage IV melanoma patients before single-agent therapy with the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. RESULTS: A total of 300 patients from 14 centers were included into this study with a median follow-up time of 13.0 months. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.1 months; median overall survival (OS) was 7.6 months. Best response under vemurafenib was associated with serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; ≤ versus >upper normal limit; P = 0.0000001), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) overall performance status (OPS) (0 versus ≥ 1; P = 0.00089), and BRAF mutation subtype (V600E versus V600K; P = 0.016). Multivariate analysis identified ECOG OPS ≥ 1 [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.88; P = 0.00005], immunotherapy pretreatment (HR = 0.53; P = 0.0067), elevated serum LDH (HR = 1.45; P = 0.012), age >55 years (HR = 0.72; P = 0.019), and chemotherapy pretreatment (HR = 1.39; P = 0.036) as independent predictors of PFS. For OS, elevated serum LDH (HR = 1.99; P = 0.00012), ECOG OPS ≥ 1 (HR = 1.90; P = 0.00063), age >55 years (HR = 0.65; P = 0.011), kinase inhibitor pretreatment (HR = 1.86; P = 0.014), immunotherapy pretreatment (HR = 0.57; P = 0.025), chemotherapy pretreatment (HR = 2.17; P = 0.039), and male gender (HR = 0.70; 95% confidence interval 0.50-0.98; P = 0.039) were found as predictors. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate that the type of pretreatment strongly influences the outcome of vemurafenib therapy, with a precedent immunotherapy showing a positive, and a prior chemotherapy and kinase inhibitors showing a negative impact on survival, respectively. Moreover, we show that the patient's OPS, serum LDH, age, and gender independently impact vemurafenib therapy outcome. These findings should be taken into account for the future design of therapy sequencing in BRAF V600 mutation-positive melanoma patients.


Assuntos
Indóis/administração & dosagem , Melanoma/diagnóstico , Melanoma/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Sulfonamidas/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Vemurafenib
13.
Skin Res Technol ; 21(2): 137-43, 2015 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25066913

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In vivo multiphoton tomography (MPT) of human skin has become a valuable tool for non-invasive examination of morphological and biophysical skin properties and their alterations. So far, skin changes after UVB irradiation were mainly evaluated clinically and histologically. The present study aimed at non-invasive imaging of histological changes during acute UVB irradiation by multiphoton laser tomography. METHODS: In 10 volunteers, five areas were irradiated once with an erythematous UVB dose. Multiphoton measurements were performed four times, i.e. before irradiation (baseline), and 24, 48 and 72 h after irradiation, respectively. The data were evaluated for changes of epidermal pleomorphy, spongiosis, pigmentation and thickness. RESULTS: The four parameters were altered significantly by acute UVB irradiation, i.e. epidermal pleomorphy, spongiosis, pigmentation and thickness increased within 72 h after irradiation. CONCLUSION: Thus, the study has shown that typical epidermal changes induced by acute UVB irradiation can be evaluated by MPT.


Assuntos
Epiderme/lesões , Epiderme/patologia , Eritema/patologia , Microscopia de Fluorescência por Excitação Multifotônica/métodos , Lesões por Radiação/patologia , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Epiderme/efeitos da radiação , Eritema/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lasers , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doses de Radiação , Lesões por Radiação/etiologia , Tomografia Óptica/métodos , Adulto Jovem
14.
Hautarzt ; 65(9): 814-22, 2014 Sep.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25234631

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The volume of search engine queries about disease-relevant items reflects public interest and correlates with disease prevalence as proven by the example of flu (influenza). Other influences include media attention or holidays. STUDY GOAL: The present work investigates if the seasonality of prevalence or symptom severity of dermatoses correlates with search engine query data. METHODS: The relative weekly volume of dermatological relevant search terms was assessed by the online tool Google Trends for the years 2009-2013. For each item, the degree of seasonality was calculated via frequency analysis and a geometric approach. RESULTS: Many dermatoses show a marked seasonality, reflected by search engine query volumes. Unexpected seasonal variations of these queries suggest a previously unknown variability of the respective disease prevalence. Furthermore, using the example of allergic rhinitis, a close correlation of search engine query data with actual pollen count can be demonstrated. DISCUSSION: In many cases, search engine query data are appropriate to estimate seasonal variability in prevalence of common dermatoses. This finding may be useful for real-time analysis and formation of hypotheses concerning pathogenetic or symptom aggravating mechanisms and may thus contribute to improvement of diagnostics and prevention of skin diseases.


Assuntos
Mineração de Dados/estatística & dados numéricos , Vigilância da População/métodos , Ferramenta de Busca/estatística & dados numéricos , Estações do Ano , Dermatopatias/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Análise Espaço-Temporal , Estatística como Assunto
15.
Hautarzt ; 64(9): 685-94, 2013 Sep.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24022632

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Phlebologic diseases have become extremely common and have major socio-economic impact. However, the percentage of dermatologists working in phlebology appears to be decreasing according to the data of the German Society of Phlebology (DGP). METHODS: To investigate the reasons for this development, we--on behalf of the DGP--sent a questionnaire to 120 German Departments of Dermatology in autumn 2012. RESULTS: In 76 returned questionnaires, the number of physicians with additional fellowship training in phlebology averaged 1.5; the average number of those who fulfill the criteria for training fellows in phlebology was 0.9. In 71.1 % of the departments there was a phlebologist. A special phlebologic outpatient clinic existed in 73.7 % of the departments. Sonography with Doppler (89.5 %) and duplex (86.8 %) was used as the most frequent diagnostic tool. For therapy, compression (94.7 %), sclerotherapy (liquid 78.9 %, foam 63.2 %, catheter 18.4 %), endoluminal thermic procedures (radio wave 28.9 %, laser 17.1 %) and surgery (especially crossectomy and stripping 67.1 %, phlebectomy of tributaries 75 %) were used. The average number of treatments was very heterogenous in the different departments. CONCLUSIONS: Phlebology definitely plays an important role in dermatology. Most departments fulfill the formal criteria for the license to conduct advanced training in phlebology. A wide spectrum of phlebological diagnostic and therapeutic procedures is available.


Assuntos
Dermatologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Departamentos Hospitalares/estatística & dados numéricos , Padrões de Prática Médica/estatística & dados numéricos , Dermatopatias Vasculares/diagnóstico , Dermatopatias Vasculares/terapia , Insuficiência Venosa/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Venosa/terapia , Alemanha/epidemiologia , Humanos , Competência Profissional/estatística & dados numéricos , Dermatopatias Vasculares/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Insuficiência Venosa/epidemiologia
16.
Vet Microbiol ; 166(1-2): 102-8, 2013 Sep 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23845735

RESUMO

Prion diseases are infectious neurodegenerative diseases affecting humans and animals. The food-borne bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) had serious impact on both economy and public health, respectively. To follow the pathogenesis of BSE, oral challenge studies were previously conducted, among others on the Isle of Riems, Germany (Balkema-Buschmann et al., 2011b). In the present work brain and plasma samples from this pathogenesis study were subjected to surface fluorescence distribution analysis (sFIDA). sFIDA is a diagnostic tool that exploits the aggregated state of the disease-related prion protein (PrP) as a biomarker for prion disorders. With the exception of one animal, all tested brain samples from clinical cattle exhibited a high titer of PrP particles. Moreover we could detect PrP aggregates already 16 and 24 months after infection. In contrast to our previous demonstration of PrP particles in blood plasma from scrapie sheep, however, no aggregates could be identified in plasma from pre-clinical and clinical cattle. This is in accordance with other studies suggesting a restriction of the BSE infection to the central nervous system.


Assuntos
Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encefalopatia Espongiforme Bovina/metabolismo , Proteínas PrPSc/metabolismo , Animais , Encéfalo/patologia , Bovinos , Encefalopatia Espongiforme Bovina/diagnóstico , Encefalopatia Espongiforme Bovina/patologia , Alemanha , Proteínas PrPSc/sangue
18.
Prev Vet Med ; 102(2): 112-7, 2011 Nov 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21592603

RESUMO

It is known from earlier studies that the pathogenesis of BSE in cattle differs considerably from the TSE pathogenesis in sheep, where the lymphoreticular system (LRS) is majorly involved in the transport and propagation of the agent. In cattle, the BSE agent has only been detected in the Peyer's patches of the distal ileum and in the tonsils, which have both been identified as the portal of entry for the agent after oral uptake. It was shown that as opposed to most other animal species, in cattle the BSE agent amplifies almost exclusively in the central and peripheral nervous system. However, there is growing evidence for a centrifugal spread from the central nervous system into the periphery at the late stage of the disease. Moreover, there are only very limited data available concerning the pathogenesis of both atypical BSE forms, H type and L type BSE, as compared to classical BSE. In this manuscript we summarize the most recent data that we generated on the classical BSE pathogenesis after an oral challenge study that was performed with 56 cattle. Preliminary results on the pathogenesis of both atypical BSE forms are also presented, based on an intracranial challenge of cattle with German isolates of both atypical BSE forms.


Assuntos
Sistema Nervoso Central/metabolismo , Encefalopatia Espongiforme Bovina/metabolismo , Proteínas PrPSc/metabolismo , Animais , Bovinos , Sistema Nervoso Central/patologia , Encefalopatia Espongiforme Bovina/patologia
19.
Skin Res Technol ; 17(4): 479-86, 2011 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21453411

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Multiphoton tomography (MPT) is a novel non-invasive imaging method in dermatology allowing the depiction of the epidermis with sub-cellular resolution. Here, we present a descriptive characterization of unaffected human epidermis, morphometric data on human keratinocytes and some epidermal parameters in vivo and a morphological characterization of keratinocyte changes in actinic keratoses. METHODS: In a clinical setting, 57 volunteers of different age groups were examined using MPT. RESULTS: The morphological appearance of keratinocytes showed polygonal cells in the horny layer, a granular cytoplasm in the stratum granulosum, smaller prickle cells in the stratum spinosum and hyperpigmented small round basal cells. Actinic keratoses presented remarkable differences including widened inter-cellular spaces, heterogeneity in cellular fluorescence and shape as well as an increased ratio of nuclear to cellular size. Finally, the thickness of the epidermis was significantly increased in actinic keratoses compared with the control. CONCLUSION: In vivo MPT provides high-resolution images allowing the identification and quantification of cellular morphometric parameters. First observations of morphology and morphometry of actinic keratoses are reported.


Assuntos
Dermoscopia/métodos , Queratinócitos/citologia , Ceratose Actínica/patologia , Microscopia de Fluorescência por Excitação Multifotônica/métodos , Tomografia/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Derme/patologia , Epiderme/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Microscopia Confocal/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Envelhecimento da Pele/patologia , Adulto Jovem
20.
Skin Res Technol ; 16(3): 305-10, 2010 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20636999

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effects of selected plant extracts in a cosmetic cream on the dermal network components after a 3-month treatment using an in vivo multiphoton tomographic device. METHODS: Twenty-four Caucasian women aged between 45 and 65 applied randomly a cosmetic emulsion B containing active ingredients (soy and jasmine) twice a day on one arm and its vehicle A (without active ingredients) on the other arm during 3 months. Measurements were performed on the internal side of the forearm before starting the treatment (T0), after 4 week (T4) and 12 weeks (T12) treatment. Measurements consisted of a multi-layers acquisitions using a multiphoton tomograph with subcellular resolution. Optical sections (about 6 microm thick) were recorded from 0 to about 200 microm using two different wavelengths: 760 and 820 nm. To compare the series of images and obtain an objective quantification of the signal of second harmonic generation (SHG) and autofluorescence, the method used consisted of taking the integrated brightness of an image (same rectangular area for all images) as a measure of the signal. Following this step, a ratio between brightness of images from the area treated with cream A or B and brightness of untreated area was calculated and used as an assessment of treatment efficacy. The parameter used for statistical analysis (variance analysis) is the difference before and after 12 weeks of treatment by either cream A or B of the signal ratios calculated in the upper dermis (118-130 microm) and those from a deeper region of the upper dermis (165-178 microm). RESULTS: Signals (autofluorescence+SHG) of extracellular matrix do not change significantly with time (weeks 0, 4 and 12) when cream A (vehicle with no active ingredient) is applied. Treatment with cream B results in an enhancement in the signal level of extracellular matrix at week 12. The comparison of signals, in both areas (118-130 microm and 160-178 microm), show an higher increase in the deeper region than in the more superficial one for product B while we do not notice any change with product A. CONCLUSION: The multiphoton tomograph provided excellent high-resolution images, which describe clearly the different skin layers, single cells and extracellular matrix components in all the 24 volunteers. Statistic analyses reveal a real effect for product B with selected plant extracts, known to increase collagen synthesis. Changes observed are characteristics of modifications in dermal collagen and elastin content. To our knowledge, it is the first time that it was possible to demonstrate in vivo the effect of a cosmetic product on the superficial dermal layer, in a non-invasive and non-destructive process, i.e. without cutting the skin.


Assuntos
Derme/efeitos dos fármacos , Dermoscopia/métodos , Emolientes/administração & dosagem , Microscopia de Fluorescência por Excitação Multifotônica/métodos , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Idoso , Técnicas Cosméticas , Cosméticos/administração & dosagem , Derme/citologia , Dermoscopia/instrumentação , Matriz Extracelular/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Humanos , Jasminum , Microscopia de Fluorescência por Excitação Multifotônica/instrumentação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Teóricos , Glycine max
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...