[Generation of transgenic animals, expressing alpha- and beta-chains of autoreactive TCR].

Transgenic animal studies has become a key approach for gene function analysis as well as for modeling of different human diseases, including autoimmune diseases caused by activation of T-lymphocyte clones whose TCRs possesses high affinity for syngeneic MHC molecules. In this study we cloned genes, encoding alpha- and beta- chains of autoreactive TCR of hybridoma 7, specific for syngeneic MHC class II molecules A(b). Amplified DNA fragments, containing rearranged genomic DNA of alpha- and beta-chains of hybridoma 7 were cloned into special cassette vectors, containing natural promoter and enhancer elements for direct expression of genes encoding TCR alpha- and beta-chains in T-lymphocytes of transgenic animals. Using this cassette vectors we generated animals in which most of peripheral T-lymphocytes carry alpha-chain, as well as animals with expression of beta-chain transgene of autoreactive TCR. Obtained animals may serve to explain a number of intrathymic selection processing features and T cell maturation as well as to serve as experimental models for development of new approaches to therapy of autoimmune diseases.

[Analysis of transfer of microinjected zygotes in production of transgenic mice].

The data on transfer of mouse eggs microinjected with DNA during production of transgenic mice were analyzed. The transfer of mouse eggs into both oviducts did not lead to a reliably higher birth rate. It did not affect the frequency of recipients' pregnancy and, although somewhat increased the frequency of multiple birth, led, finally, to unjustified loss of the major part of viable DNA-injected eggs. We recommend transferring no less than 15 microinjected eggs only in one oviduct of each recipient. The transfer into another oviduct is acceptable if the transfer into the first oviduct failed or its outcome is doubtful.

[Transcription and mRNA splicing of the human lactoferrin gene controlled by the regulatory region of the bovine alphaS1 casein gene in the mammary gland of transgenic mice and in mouse embryonic stem cells].

The regulatory region of the bovine alphaS1 casein gene was used to obtain two genetic constructs for expression of human lactoferrin in the mammary gland of transgenic animals. Several transfected mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines and primary transgenic mice were generated with these constructs. Recombinant lactoferrin was not detected in milk of transgenic mice by Western blotting. However, a recombinant transcript was found in RNAs isolated from mammary glands of transgenic females during lactation and from transfected ESC lines.

[Transgenic goats in the world's pharmaceutical industry in the XXI century]. / Transgennye kozy v mirovoi farmindustrii XXI veka.

In many developed countries, isolation of human pharmaceutical proteins from milk of genetically modified animals is currently a priority. One of the first commercial pharmaceuticals obtained from the milk of transgenic goats, an anticoagulant antithrombin III, developed by Genzyme Transgenic Corporation, an American biotechnological company, will appear on the pharmaceutical market in the nearest future. In this review, we discuss the role of fundamental science in the development of this field of the pharmaceutical industry.

[Production of recombinant endostatin in milk from transgenic mice]. / Poluchenie rekombinantnogo éndostatina v moloke transgennykh myshei.

Using the bovine alpha S1-casein gene, a genetic construct with an endostatin-coding fragment of the mouse collagen XVIII cDNA was designed to express endostatin in milk of transgenic animals. Several transgenic mice were obtained. The mice secreted endostatin in milk at 70-300 ng/microliter and transmitted this character to their progeny.