Classification and comparative study of vitiligo in Southeast of Turkey with biochemical and immunological parameters.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate classification and comparative with biochemical and immunological parameters of vitiligo disease in Southeast of Turkey. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 148 patients who referred to the Department & Dermatology and Venereology with the complaint of vitiligo were selected. All patients gave informed consent for participation in the study. The patients were classified according to types of the skin. The complete blood cell and biochemical laboratory tests, ASO, CRP, RF, ANA, thyroid hormone levels were examined. RESULTS: In the evaluation of 148 vitiligo patients; we didn't observe any significant difference between age and sex groups. We observed the maximum number of patients in the ages of 20-29 years and the most common types of clinical and focal types. We compared the childeren and adult patients according to their skin types, the difference was significant. We viewed that the onset of the disease commonly first in the face area. Koebner phenomenon 17 (11.48%), halo nevus 5 (3.38%) and leucotrichia 5 (3.38%) of patients were positive. CONCLUSION: Vitiligo is associated with loss of color by the destruction of melanocytes. The incidence of vitiligo is 1-2% and is found in every race. This study is important for the reason of the first research which evaluates vitiligo patients in southeast of Turkey.

Genetics analysis with down syndrome and histopathological examination of buccal epithelial cells / Análisis genético y examen histopatológico de las células epiteliales bucales en pacientes con síndrome de down

Down syndrome is primarily caused by trisomy of chromosome 21. We reviewed cytogenetic studies performed on 1048 patients who were referred to the Cytogenetics Unit at Dicle University Hospital, Diyarbakir, Southeast Turkey, between 2000 and 2009. The cases were grouped according to the reason of referral for cytogenetic analysis. The highest frequencies of abnormal karyotypes were found among cases that were referred due to suspicion of Down syndrome (84.8 percent). For histologic examination to persons with Down syndrome and normal, buccal mucosa smear was prepared by rubbing. Down syndrome are disabled and control groups were compared statistically buccal epithelial cells and nuclei (p<0.05). Periphery of the nucleus in some patients with Down's syndrome, while the bud structures in the form of micronuclei was observed in the karyolytic cells.

El síndrome de Down es causado principalmente por la trisomía del cromosoma 21. Se revisaron los estudios citogenéticos realizados en 1.048 pacientes que fueron remitidos a la Unidad de Citogenética del Dicle University Hospital, Diyarbakir, sudeste de Turquía, entre los años 2000 y 2009. Los casos se agruparon de acuerdo a la razón de referencia para el análisis citogenético. Las frecuencias más altas de cariotipos anormales se encontraron ent los casos que fueron remitidos por sospecha de síndrome de Down (84,8 por ciento). Para el estudio histológico de las personas con y sin síndrome de Down, se realizó el frotis de mucosa oral por hisopado. Los grupos con síndrome de Down y de control (sin síndrome) se compararon estadísticamente en relación a las células epiteliales orales y los núcleos (p <0,05). Se observaron núcleos periféricos en algunos pacientes con síndrome de Down, mientras que estructuras de tipo brotes en la forma de micronúcleos se observaron en las células cariolíticas.