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1.
Am J Cardiol ; 124(2): 262-269, 2019 07 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31109634

RESUMO

Patients with cardiomyopathy are at risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) which is a strong risk factor for thromboembolic events, progression to heart failure, and mortality or heart transplantation. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to estimate the prevalence of AF in a global population with cardiomyopathy. PubMed and EMBASE were searched from inception until June 30, 2017 for published articles on AF and major cardiomyopathies without language restrictions. Eligible papers were independently assessed for methodological qualities. The prevalence of AF in patients with cardiomyopathy was estimated using a random-effect model. The chi-square test on Cochrane's Q statistics was used to evaluate heterogeneity across studies. In total 220 full texts representing a population of 118,668 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The ages of the participants ranged from a median of 31 to 72 years. The proportion of males ranged from 3% to 97%. Considering only cardiomyopathies with more than one contributing study, the prevalence of AF was highest in participants with dilated (24% [95% confidence interval: 21 to 28]), ischemic (20% [8 to 35]), and hypertrophic (19% [17 to 21]) cardiomyopathies, and lowest in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathies (5% [1 to 11]). In conclusion, with the exception of peripartum cardiomyopathy, an average of 1 to 2 in every 10 patients with a cardiomyopathy had AF, with no gender difference. Future guidelines need to take into consideration the management of AF in all the forms of cardiomyopathy.


Assuntos
Fibrilação Atrial/epidemiologia , Fibrilação Atrial/etiologia , Cardiomiopatias/complicações , Cardiomiopatias/epidemiologia , Progressão da Doença , Humanos , Incidência , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco
2.
Heart ; 105(3): 180-188, 2019 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30415206

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This scoping review sought to summarise available data on the prevalence, aetiology, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of pericardial disease in Africa. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Scopus and African Journals Online from 1 January 1967 to 30 July 2017 to identify all studies published on the prevalence, aetiologies, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of pericardial diseases in adults residing in Africa. RESULTS: 36 studies were included. The prevalence of pericardial diseases varies widely according to the population of interest: about 1.1% among people with cardiac complaints, between 3.3% and 6.8% among two large cohorts of patients with heart failure and up to 46.5% in an HIV-infected population with cardiac symptoms. Tuberculosis is the most frequent cause of pericardial diseases in both HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected populations. Patients with tuberculous pericarditis present mostly with effusive pericarditis (79.5%), effusive constrictive pericarditis (15.1%) and myopericarditis (13%); a large proportion of them (up to 20%) present in cardiac tamponade. The aetiological diagnosis of pericardial diseases is challenging in African resource-limited settings, especially for tuberculous pericarditis for which the diagnosis is not definite in many cases. The outcome of these diseases remains poor, with mortality rates between 18% and 25% despite seemingly appropriate treatment approaches. Mortality is highest among patients with tuberculous pericarditis especially those coinfected with HIV. CONCLUSION: Pericardial diseases are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Africa, especially in HIV-infected individuals. Tuberculosis is the most frequent cause of pericardial diseases, and it is associated with poor outcomes.


Assuntos
Infecções por HIV , Pericardite Constritiva , Pericardite Tuberculosa , África/epidemiologia , Tamponamento Cardíaco/epidemiologia , Tamponamento Cardíaco/etiologia , Gerenciamento Clínico , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/microbiologia , Humanos , Avaliação das Necessidades , Avaliação de Processos e Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde/organização & administração , Derrame Pericárdico/epidemiologia , Derrame Pericárdico/etiologia , Derrame Pericárdico/terapia , Pericardite Constritiva/diagnóstico , Pericardite Constritiva/epidemiologia , Pericardite Constritiva/etiologia , Pericardite Constritiva/terapia , Pericardite Tuberculosa/diagnóstico , Pericardite Tuberculosa/epidemiologia , Pericardite Tuberculosa/terapia
3.
Health sci. dis ; 18(1): 34-38, 2017. tab
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1262771

RESUMO

Objectifs. Les mesures hygiéno-diététiques représentent un volet important de la prise en charge de l'hypertension artérielle. La bonne connaissance et l'application de ces dernières réduiraient la fréquence des complications de l'hypertension artérielle. Le but de ce travail était d'évaluer le niveau de connaissance des mesures hygiéno-diététiques chez les hypertendus suivis à l'hôpital général de Yaoundé. Méthodes. Il s'agit d'une étude transversale des patients hypertendus sous traitement suivis à l'hôpital général de Yaoundé du 02 janvier au 22 avril 2016.Les données évaluées étaient : le traitement médicamenteux et les mesures hygiéno-diététiques par un questionnaire. Résultats. Nous avons recruté 148 participants hypertendus ; le sex ratio h/f était de 0,56 avec une prédominance de la tranche d'âge de 46 à 65 ans. 64 ,9 % des sujets étaient sous diurétiques thiazidiques. La bithérapie était retrouvée chez 47,3 % des patients et la monothérapie chez 25,7%. Le régime hyposodé était la mesure hygiéno-diététique la plus connue avec un taux de connaissance de 95,9 % suivie respectivement par la réduction de la consommation d'alcool (56,8%), la réduction de la consommation des graisses (53,4%). L'arrêt du tabac et la pratique d'une activité physique régulière étaient connues respectivement par 34 ,2 % et 30,8 % des hypertendus traités tandis que 14,4% d'entre eux considéraient la réduction du poids comme composante du traitement non médicamenteux de l'hypertension artérielle. Au total, 37,2 % des hypertendus avaient globalement une bonne connaissance des mesures hygiéno-diététiques de l'hypertension artérielle. Conclusion. Dans notre population d'hypertendus traités, 62,8 % des sujets avaient une mauvaise connaissance des mesures hygiéno-diététiques. Un tel résultat pourrait suggérer une intensification de l'éducation et de la prescription des mesures hygiéno-diététiques en pratique clinique courante


Assuntos
Camarões , Dietética , Hospitais Gerais , Higiene , Hipertensão
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