Local Anesthesia Onset and Pain Perception in Hemophilic and Thalassemic Conditions.

The study aims to evaluate and compare the onset of local anesthesia (LA) and pain perception during endodontic treatment in hemophilic and thalassemic patients. Methods: The study included 90 patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis of the mandibular molars. Three groups (n = 30 in each group) were included. Group 1: hemophilic patients; group 2: thalassemic patients; and group 3: individuals without any systemic diseases. Onset of LA and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores was recorded immediately after the administration of local anesthesia, during the pulp exposure procedure, and during canal instrumentation, and were compared between the three groups. Frequency distribution, ANOVA, and linear regression analysis (p < 0.05) were applied. Results: The mean onset time was 46 ± 34 s in the hemophilic group, 42 ± 23 s in the thalassemic group, and 38 ± 12 s in controls, but the differences were statistically insignificant. After LA administration (LA-VAS), all three groups experienced a statistically significant reduction in pain (p = 0.048). On pulp exposure (PE-VAS) (p = 0.82) and during canal instrumentation (CI-VAS) (p = 0.55), there was no statistically significant difference in pain perception between the groups. The coefficients indicate a positive correlation between the VAS and onset time, indicating a positive reduction in the VAS following the administration of LA. Conclusions: Hemophilic patients exhibited a clinically longer average onset time for LA. However, the difference among the three groups with regard to the overall pain perception after LA administration, during and after pulp exposure, and during canal instrumentation was statistically insignificant.

Adiponectin: Its role in obesity-associated colon and prostate cancers.

Adipose tissue synthesizes many proteins and hormones collectively called adipokines, which are linked to a number of diseases, including cancer. Low levels of adiponectin are reported to be a risk factor for obesity-related cancers including colorectal and prostate cancers. Accordingly, obesity/lifestyle-related diseases, including certain cancers, may be treated by developing drugs that act specifically on adiponectin levels in circulation. Adiponectin may also serve as a clinical biomarker in obesity-related diseases. Adiponectin-based therapies are known to inhibit cancer advancement and thus may provide a therapeutic approach to delay cancer progression. Better understanding of the function of adiponectin is of great significance in the fight against cancer. This timely review is concentrated on the role of adiponectin and the impact of obesity on the development of cancers, especially colorectal and prostate cancers.