Antinociceptive action of extracts and fractions from Rubus imperialis (Rosaceae).

Rubus imperialis is a Brasilian medicinal plant which previously exhibited therapeutical perspectives. This work describes the antinociceptive action of methanolic extracts obtained from different parts of the plant (roots and branches) as well as hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions obtained from branches. Such extracts or fractions caused significative inhibition in the writhing test in mice at 10 mg/kg, given intraperitoneally. They were more active than two reference drugs, aspirin and paracetamol. The fractions also exhibited antinociceptive activity in the writhing test when administered orally at 200 mg/kg. When analyzed in the formalin test, the chloroform fraction was the most active, causing considerable inhibition against both neurogenic and inflammatory phases of pain.

Recurrent spontaneous breast hematoma: report of a case and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Breast hematomas are common after traumas, surgeries, or contusions. They are rarely spontaneous, but they can occur spontaneously in patients with hematologic disease or with coagulation disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The authors report a clinical case of a 48-year-old female with a 27-year history of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria who underwent mammography screening because of a painless palpable moveable node in the upper inner quadrant of the right breast. RESULTS: Mammography showed a partially defined heterogeneous node of 35 mm without microcalcifications in the upper inner quadrant of the right breast which, associated with the clinical features, seemed to be an hematoma. Further mammography and ultrasound after 45 days showed retrocession of the lesion, and another mammography obtained after 60 days was normal. Seventy-five days after the first episode, the patient complained of another node with a skin bruise in the upper outer quadrant of the same breast, which seemed to be a recurrent hematoma. Two months later the mammography obtained was normal. CONCLUSION: Breast hematoma must be thought of as a differential diagnosis for a breast node, regardless of previous trauma or hematologic disorders.