[Regulation of intracellular lipid metabolism by the preparation of omega-3 phospholipids from marine organisms in deficiency of essential fatty acids in rats].

It has been established that a deficit of essential fatty acids (EFA) in the animal organism induces specific modifications of composition of fatty acid (FA) of general phospholipids and plasmalogenic P1 in microsomal tissue membranes with various functions and affects the activity of phospholipase A2. It has been shown that arachidonic (AA), docosapentaenoic (DPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids in the composition of general phospholipids - phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PEA) and plasmalogens PC and PEA react to EFA deficit in the organism. Quantitative redistribution of AA, DPA, DHA of FA in general phospholipids and plasmalogenic microsomal membranes depending on their functions was found under EFA deficit in the organism. Deficit of DHA and plasmalogenic phospholipids evidences that the status of cell plasmalogens affects the level of PUFA at EFA deficit in the organism. AA and DHA can be a selective target for plasmalogens. The drug of omega-3 phospholipids, considerable amount of DHA and eicosapentaenoic (EPA)FA being present in their structure, increases the amount of plasmalogens and decreases the amount of AA in the brain, heart and reproductive organs. It was also found that EFA deficit in the organism favours the increase of lisoPEA, lisoPC, free FA (FFA) connected with the increase of activity of endogenic phospholippase A2 and plasmalogen-selective phospholipase A2. The omega-3 phospholipase from marine organisms at EFA defecit decreases the amount of FFA, lisophospholipids and activity of phospholipase A2 in the microsomas of the studied tissues. The drug of omega-3 phospholipids normalizes the state and functions of the brain, liver, and heart tissues, reproductive organs against a background of EFA defecit and regulates the synthesis of biologocically active metabolites of AA in the organism.

[Distribution of fatty acids of plasmalogenic phospholipids in human erythrocytes and endometrium in hyperplasia of various type]. / Rozpodil zhyrnykh kyslot plazmalohennykh fosfolipidiv v erytrotsytakh krovi ta v endometriï liudyny pry hiperplaziï riznoho kharakteru.

It is shown that development of hyperplasia of endometrium (PPPE) is accompanied by the valid decrease of plasmenyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (PL PhEA) amount both in the blood erythrocytes and human endometrium and by the increase of diacylglycerophosphoethanolamin (DG PhEA). Data obtained evidence for the development of the state of plasmalogenic phospholipids insufficiency in the organism. When investigating the composition and quantity of fatty acids of plasmalogenic phospholipids of PhEA in the blood erythrocytes of patients it was established that the amount of arachidonic (C 20:4 omega-6) and docosahexaenoic (C 22:6 omega-3) reliably decreases more than by 50%. At the same time one can observe the reliable increase of palmitic (C 16:0) and stearic (C 18:0) fatty acids. Under these conditions the ratios omega-6/omega-3 of both arahidonic and docosahexaenoic (AA/DHA) PL PhEA in the composition of erythrocyte PhEA increase with hyperplasia development 4 and 2 times respectively, but in DPhG the above ratios decreased 1.5 times. The decrease of PUFA in erythrocytes evidences for the increase of their use for restoration of their level disturbances in the organism. As a result of analysis of fatty acids content in tissues at hyperplasia development, considerable decrease of AA and DHA was established in one group of examined patients compared with the control, as well as the increase of omega-6/omega-3 2.8 times, and AA/DHA 2 times. Reliable double increase of AA and eicosatrienoic acid and decrease of DHA and linolenic acid was observed in group 2 of the patient with adenomatosic hyperplasia. The ratio omega-6/omega-3 and AA/DHA decreased twice in the both groups as compared with the control, that evidenced for development of hyperplasia of different origin. Specific distribution of arachidonic acid in plasmalogenic phospholipids at adenomatosic hyperplasia is connected with decrease of plasmalogens content and increase of formation of prostaglandin E2.

[Enzyme activity and lipids of a preparation from the pyloric ceca of salmon]. / Fermentativnaia aktivnost' i lipidy preparata piloricheskikh pridatkov lososevykh ryb.

Proteolytic activity and lipid composition of enzymic preparations of water extract from the pyloric caeca of salmon fishes have been studied. Phospholipids and sterols are tightly bound with proteins. The participation of lipids in the proteolytic activity is discussed.

[Lipoproteins of rat small intestine epithelial cells in D-hypovitaminosis]. / Lipoproteiny épiteliotsitov tonkogo kishechnika krys v usloviiakh D-gipovitaminoza.

Chemical composition of lipoproteins has been studied in intestinal epitheliocytes of rats in normalcy and under D-hypovitaminosis. It is found that D-hypovitaminosis induces changes in the lipid and protein composition of lipoproteins. It is supposed that disturbances in biosynthesis of the lipoprotein components and their transport may be possible reasons of such changes.

[Vitamin D-dependent protein of smooth endoplasmic reticulum membranes of rat enterocytes]. / Vitamin-D-zavisimyi belok membran gladkogo éndoplazmaticheskogo retikuluma énterotsitov krys.

DEAE-cellulose chromatography and SDS-PAAG electrophoresis were used to study proteins from endoplasmic reticulum of smooth and rough enterocyte membranes in the vitamin D-replete and deficient rat. The membrane-bound vitamin-D-dependent protein with a molecular weight of 21-25 kDa is shown to consist of the endoplasmic reticulum of smooth membranes. The intensive binding of calcium by these membranes is established.

[Lipids and proteolipids in membranes of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of rat enterocytes. Vitamin D-dependent calcium binding]. / Lipidy i proteolipidy membran gladkogo éndoplazmaticheskogo retikuluma énterotsitov krys. Vitamin D-zavisimoe sviazyvanie kal'tsiia.

The lipid and proteolipid composition of endoplasmic reticulum smooth membranes from rat enterocytes in normalcy and under D-hypovitaminosis is studied to show the Ca2+-binding with these components. These membranes in vitamin D-deficiency are established to differ in the cholesterol content. Proteolipids 1 and 2 are isolated from the lipid fraction of membranes. Their amino acid composition is determined. The vitamin D-dependent binding of Ca by the proteolipid fraction is shown.