Global dataset of species-specific inland recreational fisheries harvest for consumption.

Inland recreational fisheries, found in lakes, rivers, and other landlocked waters, are important to livelihoods, nutrition, leisure, and other societal ecosystem services worldwide. Although recreationally-caught fish are frequently harvested and consumed by fishers, their contribution to food and nutrition has not been adequately quantified due to lack of data, poor monitoring, and under-reporting, especially in developing countries. Beyond limited global harvest estimates, few have explored species-specific harvest patterns, although this variability has implications for fisheries management and food security. Given the continued growth of the recreational fishery sector, understanding inland recreational fish harvest and consumption rates represents a critical knowledge gap. Based on a comprehensive literature search and expert knowledge review, we quantified multiple aspects of global inland recreational fisheries for 81 countries spanning ~192 species. For each country, we assembled recreational fishing participation rate and estimated species-specific harvest and consumption rate. This dataset provides a foundation for future assessments, including understanding nutritional and economic contributions of inland recreational fisheries.

Split it up and see: using proxies to highlight divergent inter-populational performances in aquaculture standardised conditions.

BACKGROUND: Considering wild inter-populational phenotypic differentiation can facilitate domestication and subsequent production of new species. However, comparing all populations across a species range to identify those exhibiting suitable key traits for aquaculture (KTA; i.e. important for domestication and subsequent production) expressions is not feasible. Therefore, proxies highlighting inter-populational divergences in KTA are needed. The use of such proxies would allow to identify, prior to bioassays, the wild population pairs which are likely to present differentiations in KTA expressions in aquaculture conditions. Here, we assessed the relevance of three alternative proxies: (i) genetic distance, (ii) habitat divergence, and (iii) geographic/hydrologic distances. We performed this evaluation on seven allopatric populations of Perca fluviatilis for which divergences in KTA had already been shown. RESULTS: We showed differences in the correlation degree between the alternative proxy-based and KTA-based distance matrices, with the genetic proxy being correlated to the highest number of KTA. However, no proxy was correlated to all inter-populational divergences in KTA. CONCLUSION: For future domestication trials, we suggest using a multi-proxy assessment along with a prioritisation strategy to identify population pairs which are of interest for further evaluation in bioassays.

The effects of surgically implanted dummy tags on the survival, growth performance, and physiology of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca).

The aim of this work was to determine the impact of surgically implanted telemetry transmitters (TTs) on the growth, survival, hematological and biochemical indexes, and wound healing in juvenile pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) (body weight 60-90 g). Two incision suturing methods were used-silk sutures (experiment I-group ST) or tissue adhesive (experiment II-group GT). After tagging, the fish were held in a recirculating system for 35 days. No statistically significant differences were noted in the growth or condition indexes analyzed among the fish tagged with TT compared with those from the control groups (untagged). Substantial individual variability was noted, however, in the parameters examined in both the control and tagged groups. Among the hematological indexes, statistically significant differences were only noted in experiment I. Lower values of mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin were noted in group ST. Among the biochemical parameters, creatinine was statistically significantly threefold lower, magnesium and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were lower, and ammonia levels were higher in group ST than in the control group. In experiment II, significant differences were only noted for ALP. Tissue adhesive was the superior and more effective method for closing the incision after TT implantation in juvenile pikeperch. This type of suturing facilitated faster healing, and it had less of an impact on juvenile pikeperch welfare.

'Theory of incomprehensibility'--the social and biological determinants of mental disorders.

Karl Jaspers' theory on the incomprehensibility of psychotic disorders has become the reference point for many critical studies in the field of contemporary psychopathology. According to Jaspers, it is impossible to understand any of the serious mental disorders often referred to as 'psychosis' because of their unreasonableness, a truth that is revealed when one attempts to empathize with the mental states of patients afflicted with a particular mental disorder. These elements are psychologically inaccessible and closed to any form of empathy. The theory of incomprehensibility is the starting point for many contemporary discussions on the nature of mental illness. It refers to the pathogenic causes of mental disorder and, at the same time, leads to the marginalization of 'pathoplastic'--personal, family related and environmental factors responsible for mental distress. The presented article criticizes the theory of incomprehensibility in light of the contemporary discussion within the (new) philosophy of psychiatry about the role and function of psychiatry and psychopathology. Many authors criticize the theory of incomprehensibility, particularly its implications for understanding and explaining mental disorders. The views presented in the article--post-psychiatry, the psychiatry of common sense, the socio-cultural approach and engaged epistemology/embodied cognition--aim to reveal the broader dimensions of human pathological experience. Particularly appreciated by the author, engaged epistemology and embodied cognition aim to connect social and experiential points of view with the more scientific neuropsychiatric research, and refer to the hidden levels of our experience while always placing such elements in the social context, as well as describing human pathological symptoms against this social background. The basic aim of the presented paper is to stress the need for a review of dogmatic assumptions on the nature of mental illness, and to discuss the possibility of explaining the mental and neurobiological aspects of psychopathology within the social and experiential context.

[Twentieth-century psychiatry in Western Europe and the USA - an attempt at a retrospection]. / Psychiatria XX wieku w europie zachodniej i usa - próba retrospekcji.

The article analyzes various areas of twentieth-century psychiatry: (1) a number of ideas whose roots date to the second half of the 19th century, including the ideas of biological psychiatry, constitutional psychiatry and behavioural therapy; (2) the emergence of a modern paradigm of mental disease and the contribution made to that field by Kraepaelin and Bleuler; (3) attempts to find new effective solutions, especially with regard ot biological therapy; (4) an overview of the problems and dilemmas of contemporary psychiatry. Special emphasis has been put in the article on the stages and dimensions of the socalled "psychopharmacological revolution" and the history fo the development of various groups of psychiatric drugs (chlorpromazine and the first psychiatric drugs, soporifics and sedatives, antidepressants). The author makes an attempt to point out the fundamental dilemmas of contemporary psychiatry, especially the dangers it faces from other branches of medicine and non-medical disciplines, as well as from mass culture and commercialization.