Acceleration of Intruding Anterior Tooth by Alveolar Corticotomy.

True intrusion is one of the difficult and complex goals to achieve which requires clinical judgment, skills, and experience. Intrusion requires less force level than other tooth movement, but it requires delicacy since the entire stress is concentrated in the apex of the root. Although true intrusion alone is not challenging, eliminating the adverse effect while intruding requires tedious skills of the clinician. A 17-year-old male patient with Class I malocclusion with open bite has a prominent maxillary cortical bone. He had a convex profile with an unpleasant smile. To reduce the bulkiness of cortical bone and to intrude the upper anterior, so the decision was made to perform corticotomy.

A hard tissue cephalometric comparative study between hand tracing and computerized tracing.

AIMS: To analyze and compare the angular and linear hard tissue cephalometric measurements using hand-tracing and computerized tracings with Nemoceph and Dolphin software systems. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 30 cephalograms were randomly chosen for study with the following criteria, cephalograms of patients with good contrast, no distortion, and minimal radiographic artifacts were considered using the digital method (Kodak 8000 C) with 12 angular and nine linear parameters selected for the study. Comparisons were determined by post-hoc test using Tukey HSD method. The N-Par tests were performed using Kruskal-Walli's method. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: ANOVA and post-hoc. RESULTS: The results of this study show that there is no significant difference in the angular and linear measurements recorded. The P values were significant at 0.05 levels for two parameters, Co-A and Co-Gn with the hand-tracing method. This was significant in ANOVA and post-hoc test by Tukey HSD method. CONCLUSIONS: This study of comparison provides support for transition from digital hand to computerized tracing methodology. In fact, digital computerized tracings were easier and less time consuming, with the same reliability irrespective of each method of tracing.

Extrusion of impacted mandibular second molar using removable appliance.

The purpose of this article is to review the principles of case management of impacted mandibular molars and to illustrate their potential to respond well to treatment. Although the scope of treatment may be influenced by the patient's age, past dental history, severity of impaction, dentoalveolar development, and root form, the case reports demonstrate the inherent potential for good treatment outcome even in the most unfavorable circumstances.

Prevalence of malocclusion and need for early orthodontic treatment in children.

BACKGROUND: With the advent of functional appliances and orthopedic appliances the elimination and correction of skeletal and dental discrepancies has been much reduced. Most orthodontists agree that elimination of oral habits and orthopaedic treatment of class 3 malocclusion and posterior cross bites deserve treatment at an early age. Early treatment was proposed along the lines of "catch them in the young", and "you see it, you treat it" is the main ideology of Early Orthodonticc Treatment (EOT). Furthermore, the majority of children have habits driving the malocclusion. Mouth breathing, tongue thrusting and incorrect swallowing patterns are all known causes of malocclusion and poor facial growth. AIMS: To evaluate the prevalence of dental feature that might result in malocclusion and need for early orthodontic treatment. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Groups of 532 school going children were selected and complete case history was taken and were categorized based on the type of malocclusions, dental features that can predetermine need for early orthodontic treatment. Statistical analysis used. RESULTS: The results shows the increase in prevalence of malocclusion and the dental features that gives clues for an orthodontist to frame up his treatment modalities not just for corrective orthodontics but for also preventive and interceptive orthodontics. CONCLUSION: Angle's Class I malocclusion is most commonly seen malocclusion followed by class II division 1 malocclusion followed by Angles class II division 2 malocclusion. In angle's class I malocclusion, incidence of crowding is more followed by proclination of anterior teeth. There is no significant difference between incidence of malocclusion in males and females. The children who needed immediate orthodontic care were more than the children who doesn't need an orthodontic treatment. Need for increase of awareness programs is required in order to educate the people about the early orthodontic treatment.

Effectiveness of mini implants in three-dimensional control during retraction - a clinical study.

INTRODUCTION: Three-dimensional control throughout the orthodontic treatment is essential for uncompromised results. Mini screws introduced for orthodontic anchorage has given the clinician an option of absolute three dimensional control. The purpose of this study was to compare and measure the vertical control and torque control of incisors and molar during enmass retraction with titanium microimplants and conventional molar anchorage. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty patients were selected with extraction of all first premolars and bonded with 0.022″ slot MBT system. After aligning and leveling, all subjects were placed with 0.019″ X 0.025″ posted SS wire with standardized torquing curve. The 20 subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups consisting of 10 each (Group A & Group B). Group A subjects, implants were placed and Group B formed the control group. Retraction was carried out using NiTi closed coil springs. The assessment of the vertical and torque control of incisors and tipping and vertical control of molars was done by radiographic method using lateral cephalogram taken before and after retraction. RESULTS: The torque control of incisors, P11 value in group A and B indicated no significant difference. The molar tip, P12 value in group A indicated that there was distal tipping of molars while the P12 in group B indicated mesial tipping. On vertical plane P21, P22 and P23 values in Group A indicated that there was intrusion of incisors and molars while value in Group B indicated extrusion of incisors and molars. CONCLUSION: Three dimensional control is better in the implant group compared to the non implant group. Therefore the implant group definitely has citied advantages over conventional method.

Anterior maxillary intrusion and retraction with corticotomy-facilitated orthodontic treatment and burstone three piece intrusive arch.

An adult patient with proclination and spacing was performed orthodontic treatment combined with corticotomy and the burstone three piece intrusive arch who desired a shortened treatment period. The patient had Angle's Class I malocclusion with flaring of the maxillary and mandibular incisors. Pre adjusted edgewise appliance (MBT prescription) was fixed to the maxillary and mandibular teeth. Then corticotomy was performed on the cortical bone of the buccal sides in the maxillary anterior regions. Intrusion and retraction initiated immediately after the corticotomy. The intrusive arch was adjusted once in every 2 weeks. The total treatment time for intrusion was 5 months. Cephalometric superimpositions showed no anchorage loss, and panoramic radiographs showed neither significant reduction in the crestal bone height nor marked apical root resorption. A corticotomy-facilitated orthodontic treatment shortened treatment period without any anchorage loss or adverse effects.

Stabilising springs for fixed lingual retainer.

Most treated malocclusion needs fixed lingual retention. To stabilise fixed lingual retainer in the exact location needs proper stabilisation. Proper stabilization requires a holding spring. This Stabilising Spring should be easy to fabricate and help the clinician to stabilise the retainer quickly and save the chair side time. More over it should not irritate the mucosa and should be easy to insert and remove.