Periodontal manifestations of patients with Turner's syndrome: Report of 3 cases.

Complete or partial absence of the second sex chromosome, with or without a mosaic karyotype, is detected in approximately 1 per 2,500 live-born females. Such a cytogenetic finding coupled with clinical features, such as short stature and ovarian failure, supports the diagnosis of Turner's syndrome (TS). It is typically characterized by the combination of physical features and cytogenetics in females. The presenting clinical features can vary widely among affected individuals. Consequently, whereas short stature and gonadal dysgenesis are almost universal in TS, many other organ systems are affected to varying degrees and at different stages of life. The periodontal status of three females diagnosed with TS has been reported here.

Esthetic depigmentation of anterior gingiva. A case series.

Gingival melanin pigmentation occurs in people of all races. Although clinical melanin pigmentation does not present a medical problem, demand for cosmetic therapy is commonly made by fair-skinned people with gingival melanin pigmentation. This problem is aggravated in patients with a "gummy smile" or excessive gingival display while smiling. Esthetic periodontal plastic surgery is especially successful in individuals with compromised esthetics. Three cases are reported here where gingival depigmentation was done using three different techniques: electrosurgery; scalpel surgery; and surgical abrasion. The clinical results of the three methods have been compared.

Report of a case of Turner's syndrome with localized aggressive periodontitis.

Turner's syndrome is a disorder in females characterized by the absence of all or part of a normal second sex chromosome. It is typically characterized by the combination of physical features and cytogenetics in females. Physical features include short stature, primary amenorrhea, hypogonadism, low hair line at the back of the neck, and digital anomalies. Most affected patients have a 45XO monosomy, but the presence of an abnormal chromosome or mosaicism of 45X with another cell line can also fulfill the criteria. Features seen in the oral cavity of patients diagnosed with Turner's syndrome include high palatal vault, hypoplastic mandible, prematurely erupting teeth, and orthodontic anomalies. A case of Turner's syndrome with localized aggressive periodontitis has been reported here.

Awareness of association between periodontitis and PLBW among selected population of practising gynecologists in Andhra Pradesh.

CONTEXT: Preterm low-birth-weight (PLBW) infants are at a higher risk for a number of acute and chronic disorders. Studies point to an association between periodontal infection and increased rates of preterm birth, and pregnant mothers with periodontal diseases are at increased risk of subsequent preterm birth or low birth weight. However, the awareness level of gynecologists about this relationship is unknown. AIMS: The aim of the present survey was to assess the awareness about the effects of periodontal disease on pregnancy among practicing gynecologists, and also compare such awareness between gynecologists in two places-Khammam (a district headquarter) and Hyderabad (a state capital). SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Random, cross-sectional study in a population of practicing gynecologists from Andhra Pradesh. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A random study population was selected from the practicing gynecologists in Khammam and Hyderabad. Sixty practicing gynecologists, 30 each in Khammam and Hyderabad, were approached and they consented to join the study. Data were collected in questionnaire format from the subject population. Collected data were statistically analyzed. Chi-square test with Yates correction was used to analyze the data. A " P" value of <0.05 was taken as a significant difference. RESULTS: 73.3% of the gynecologists said that their patients complain of bleeding gums, swellings and mobility. 58.3% of the gynecologists were aware that gum diseases occur at a higher rate in pregnant females. 38.3% of the gynecologists were aware that periodontal diseases can affect the outcome of delivery. No significant difference was found between the awareness levels of gynecologists in Khammam and in Hyderabad. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need for interdisciplinary approach for the prevention of PLBW cases by the integration of periodontal care into obstetric management. Effort should be made to increase awareness among the gynecologists.

Comparison of oral hygiene and periodontal status in patients with clefts of palate and patients with unilateral cleft lip, palate and alveolus.

AIM: This study was conducted to analyze and compare the oral hygiene and periodontal status in patients with clefts of palate (CP) and patients with unilateral cleft lip, palate and alveolus (UCLPA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 120 cleft patients. Subjects were divided into two groups of 60 each. Group I - patients with UCLPA and Group II - patients with CP. For comparison, all the four quadrants were defined, Q1-right upper quadrant, Q2-left upper quadrant, Q3-left lower quadrant and Q4-right lower quadrant, in both groups and the following parameters were recorded: Plaque Index (PI, Silness and Loe), Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI, Muhlemann and Son), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), Mobility Index (Miller) and Radiographic Amount of Bone Loss. RESULTS: The periodontal destruction was seen to be higher in UCLPA patients compared with CP patients. The poor oral hygiene status, as indicated by higher values of PI, and the periodontal status, evaluated by SBI, PPD, CAL, mobility and Radiographic Amount of Bone Loss, were higher in patients with UCLPA than in patients with CP. CONCLUSION: In this study, patients with cleft lip, palate and alveolus had poor oral hygiene and periodontal status compared with patients with cleft palate.