The star-crossed curse of childhood: A case of infantile hemangioma.

Vascular lesions are indeed very widespread, with vascular tumors numbering the most common tumors in childhood. Researchers and authors frequently use the idiom "hemangioma" to portray or describe vascular malformations and a potpourri of vascular anomalies. Infantile hemangioma, a type of hemangioma, is one of the most common benign vascular tumors in infancy and childhood. As hemangioma could regress spontaneously, it generally does not require treatment unless proliferation interferes with normal function or gives rise to the risk of serious disfigurement and complications unlikely to resolve without treatment. Various methods for treating infant hemangiomas have been documented, including wait-and-see policy, laser therapy, drug therapy, sclerotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. However, none of these therapies can be used for all hemangiomas. Hence, to obtain the best treatment outcomes, the treatment protocol should be individualized as per the case.

Corrigendum to "Fibrous Dysplasia versus Juvenile Ossifying Fibroma: A Dilemma".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2016/6439026.].

Assessment of the number of root canals in the maxillary and mandibular molars: A radiographic study using cone beam computed tomography.

CONTEXT: The identification of root canals plays an important role in successful endodontic diagnosis and treatment. An inappropriate identification of canal resulting in incomplete removal of pulp tissue from the root canals is the main reason for the failure of endodontic treatment in molars. Radiographic imaging is an essential investigative tool in successful endodontics. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) the imaging is relatively a new method to visualize the roots in all the three planes. AIMS: This is a study to assess number of root canals in maxillary and mandibular first and second molars on both the right and left sides using CBCT imaging. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A total of 100 CBCT images, which were available as soft copies on the hard drive of the computer in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology were considered for the study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The axial view sections of the maxillary and mandibular arch of 1 mm thickness were examined with a magnification of 250%. The Images were scrolled down from the cementoenamel junction till the apical foramen and the maximum number of canals in each root were recorded. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The collected data were tabulated (Microsoft Excel 2013) and analyzed by independent t-test using statistical analysis software SPSS. RESULTS: Among the maxillary first molars, 72.5% had 4 canals with 76.5% of mesiobuccal root having 2 canals. 49% of maxillary second molar had 3 canals with 53.5% of mesiobuccal root having 1 canal. 67.5% of mandibular first molar had 3 canals with 96.5% of mesial root having 2 canals. CONCLUSIONS: According to this study, the variations in the number of canals were more with respect to maxillary first molars when compared to the other molars. CBCT can provide the clinician with supplemental information about the different root canal configurations for successful root canal treatment.

Fibrous Dysplasia versus Juvenile Ossifying Fibroma: A Dilemma.

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a condition characterized by excessive proliferation of bone forming mesenchymal cells which can affect one bone (monostotic type) or multiple bones (polyostotic type). It is predominantly noticed in adolescents and young adults. Fibrous dysplasia affecting the jaws is an uncommon condition. The most commonly affected facial bone is the maxilla, with facial asymmetry being the chief complaint. The lesion in many instances is confused with ossifying fibroma (OF). Diagnosis of these two lesions has to be done based on clinical, radiographic, and microscopic findings. Here, we present a case of fibrous dysplasia of maxilla in a nine-year-old boy mimicking juvenile ossifying fibroma.

Oral Allergy Syndrome: An Update for Stomatologists.

Oral allergy syndrome (OAS) is an allergic reaction in the oral cavity subsequent to the consumption of food such as fruits, nuts, and vegetables. It occurs mainly due to homology of proteins of pollen to the proteins of fruits and vegetables. In OAS, the immune system produces antibodies that are directed against the proteins of pollen and structurally similar proteins in food, hence, resulting in allergic symptoms limited mainly to the oral cavity. In this review, we have summarized the etiopathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of OAS as an update for stomatologists.

Prevalence of hyperdontia in nonsyndromic South Indian population: An institutional analysis.

CONTEXT: Supernumerary teeth or hyperdontia is an additional tooth, teeth or tooth like structures that either have erupted or remain unerupted in addition to the 20 deciduous and 32 permanent teeth. Supernumerary teeth may occur in isolation or as part of a syndrome or developmental abnormality. AIMS: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the prevalence of supernumerary teeth in a group of South Indian nonsyndromic population. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A total of 2400 radiographs were examined for the presence of supernumerary teeth. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: All the radiographs were examined for the presence of supernumerary teeth, their location, morphology, and number. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Cross-tabulation using statistical analysis software (SPSS version 16). RESULTS: The study results showed the prevalence to be 1.2% with 44.83% of them having single supernumerary teeth. Their prevalence was more in males and the maxillary posterior region was the most common location. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge about the supernumerary teeth is important for dental clinicians as they are relatively common but are detected as an incidental finding in a radiograph. A routine screening panoramic radiograph is mandatory for every patient to prevent the possible complications associated with it.

Hand, foot and mouth disease - a short case report.

Hand, foot and mouth disease, that was once considered a disease of cattle, has been emerging as a common human childhood disease in the last few years. It is a viral disease characterized by a brief febrile illness and typical vesicular rashes. In rare cases, patients may also develop neurological complications. This report describes a case of hand, foot and mouth disease, presented with typical clinical features in the South Indian region. Key words:Hand, foot and mouth disease, viral lesions, blisters.

Ulcerative sialadenitis of minor salivary gland: A short case report.

Minor salivary glands have an important role in the physiology and pathology of the oral cavity though they have been neglected at times. Smoking has a direct effect on the palatal minor salivary glands, and their most common presentation is stomatitis nicotina. We report a case of ulceration in the palatal salivary gland presented with intermittent heavy bleeding from the lesion.

Self-inflicted injury as a potential trigger for carcinoma of lip - a case report.

OBJECTIVES: To report a case of an elderly patient with an unstable mental condition, presenting with the carcinoma of lip due to repeated toothpick injury. BACKGROUND: Self-induced lesions of the face and mouth may be a manifestation of unusual or aggressive oral habits or an emotional disorder. The deliberate creation of orofacial lesions, is an indication of underlying psychiatric disease. Betel quid chewing is the major risk factor for oral cancer. It conditions the oral mucosa towards the development of cancer. Repeated trauma by self mutilation on such a conditioned mucosa can lead to the development of cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A male patient aged 85 years reported the complaint of a growth on the left side of the lower lip. Trauma followed by self inflicted injury had predisposed to the formation of cancer. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of self inflicted lesions are challenging as the histories of these lesions tend to be vague and misleading. Our knowledge in this particular pathology is limited mainly because of diagnostic difficulties and lack of solid statistical data.

Familial ectodermal dysplasia: a peers' agony.

Ectodermal dysplasias include a various group of inherited disorders which share primary defect in the development of two or more tissues of embryonic ectodermal origin. Though there are many subtypes, ectodermal dysplasias are mainly hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, among which the most common variety is X linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. We report a rare case of X linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia occurring in a family with various skin, hair and oral abnormalities.

Asymptomatic presentation of aggressive ossifying fibroma:a case report.

Ossifying fibromas form a part of the spectrum of fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws. They are rare, benign, nonaggressive tumors that are commonly seen in head and neck region. This paper presents the case of a 40-year-old female patient presented with minimal clinical symptoms, diagnosed to be suffering from aggressive form of ossifying fibroma of maxilla involving the maxillary sinus and ethmoid sinus. This paper emphasizes the importance of computed tomography in diagnosing such unapparent aggressive tumors.