Functional outcome of modified French osteotomy fixed with recon-locking compression plate in older children.

INTRODUCTION: Modified French osteotomy is commonly used method for the correction of cubitus varus deformity. Fixation of the osteotomy with figure of 8 wiring or 3.5 mm cortical screws were found to be insufficient in holding the distal fragment in children above 8 years. In this study we used a Reconstruction locking plate for the fixation of osteotomy in those children and evaluated the results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Modified French osteotomy and fixation with reconstruction locking compression plate was performed for eighteen cases of cubitus varus deformity within the time period of 5 years starting from March 2014 to February 2019. RESULTS: The outcome of the study was assessed with Flynn's criteria, where 12 cases had excellent and 6 cases had good outcome. There were no complications and no revision surgeries were performed. CONCLUSION: Reconstruction locking plate fixation of a modified French osteotomy in older children (above 8 years) provided excellent results in our study.

Trans-olecranon fossa four-cortex purchase lateral pinning in displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus - a prospective analysis in 48 children.

OBJECTIVE: The current study aims at a functional analysis of trans-olecranon lateral pinning for displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus (SCFH) in children. METHODS: A prospective study of 48 children (30 males, 18 females; mean age: 7.4 years) with displaced SCFH was treated at this institution with modified technique from March 2011 to September 2014. Cases were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria. The functional outcome was assessed clinically by modified Flynn's criteria along with achievement of full range of motion. RESULTS: All 48 children with a mean follow up of 20 months (range: 6-26 months) were assessed. All fractures united well. With modified Flynn's criteria, results were excellent in 40 children (83.3%), good in six children (12.5%), and fair in two children (4.2%). There were no poor results. Preoperative nerve palsies seen in four children recovered at ten weeks. Full range of motion was achieved on an average of 20 days after K-wire removal and no new post-operative nerve palsies were noted. CONCLUSION: The modified trans-olecranon fossa four-cortex purchase (TOF-FCP) technique was promising in all cases of unstable SCFH without the complications of loss of reduction or iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury. This technique is simple, safe, and reproducible, with good clinical results in this type of fracture.

OBJETIVO: O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar funcionamente a fixação lateral através da fossa olecraniana em fraturas supracondilianas deslocadas do úmero (FSDU) em crianças. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo de 48 crianças (30 do sexo masculino, 18 do sexo feminino, idade média: 7,4 anos) com FSDU, tratados nesta instituição entre março de 2011 e setembro de 2014 usando uma técnica modificada. Os casos foram selecionados com base em critérios de inclusão. O resultado funcional foi avaliado clinicamente pelos critérios de Flynn modificados, juntamente com a realização da amplitude de movimento completa. RESULTADOS: Todas as 48 crianças foram avaliadas, com seguimento médio de 20 meses (intervalo: 6 a 26 meses). Todas as fraturas apresentaram boa união. De acordo com os critérios de Flynn modificados, os resultados foram excelentes em 40 crianças (83,3%), bons em seis (12,5%) e razoáveis em duas (4,2%). Não foram observados resultados ruins. As paralisias nervosas pré-operatórias observadas em quatro crianças se resolveram após dez semanas. Os pacientes alcançaram amplitude completa de movimento em uma média de 20 dias após a remoção dos fios de Kirschner e não foram observadas novas paralisias nervosas pós-operatórias. CONCLUSÃO: A técnica modificada de fixação em quatro corticais através da fossa trans-oleocraniana (FQC-FTO) foi promissora em todos os casos de FSDU instável, não apresentando complicações de perda de redução ou lesão do nervo ulnar iatrogênico. A técnica é simples, segura e reprodutível, com bons resultados clínicos nesse tipo de fratura.

Trans-olecranon fossa four-cortex purchase lateral pinning in displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus - a prospective analysis in 48 children / Fixação lateral em quatro corticais através da fossa olecraniana em fraturas supracondilianas deslocadas do úmero - Uma análise prospectiva em 48 crianças

ABSTRACT Objective The current study aims at a functional analysis of trans-olecranon lateral pinning for displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus (SCFH) in children. Methods A prospective study of 48 children (30 males, 18 females; mean age: 7.4 years) with displaced SCFH was treated at this institution with modified technique from March 2011 to September 2014. Cases were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria. The functional outcome was assessed clinically by modified Flynn's criteria along with achievement of full range of motion. Results All 48 children with a mean follow up of 20 months (range: 6-26 months) were assessed. All fractures united well. With modified Flynn's criteria, results were excellent in 40 children (83.3%), good in six children (12.5%), and fair in two children (4.2%). There were no poor results. Preoperative nerve palsies seen in four children recovered at ten weeks. Full range of motion was achieved on an average of 20 days after K-wire removal and no new post-operative nerve palsies were noted. Conclusion The modified trans-olecranon fossa four-cortex purchase (TOF-FCP) technique was promising in all cases of unstable SCFH without the complications of loss of reduction or iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury. This technique is simple, safe, and reproducible, with good clinical results in this type of fracture.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar funcionalmente a fixação lateral através da fossa olecraniana em fraturas supracondilianas deslocadas do úmero (FSDU) em crianças. Métodos Estudo prospectivo de 48 crianças (30 do sexo masculino, 18 do feminino, idade média: 7,4 anos) com FSDU, tratados nesta instituição entre março de 2011 e setembro de 2014 com uma técnica modificada. Os casos foram selecionados com base em critérios de inclusão. O resultado funcional foi avaliado clinicamente pelos critérios de Flynn modificados, juntamente com a feitura da amplitude de movimento completa. Resultados Todas as 48 crianças foram avaliadas, com seguimento médio de 20 meses (intervalo: seis a 26). Todas as fraturas apresentaram boa união. De acordo com os critérios de Flynn modificados, os resultados foram excelentes em 40 crianças (83,3%), bons em seis (12,5%) e razoáveis em duas (4,2%). Não foram observados resultados ruins. As paralisias nervosas pré-operatórias observadas em quatro crianças se resolveram após dez semanas. Os pacientes alcançaram amplitude completa de movimento em uma média de 20 dias após a remoção dos fios de Kirschner e não foram observadas novas paralisias nervosas pós-operatórias. Conclusão A técnica modificada de fixação em quatro corticais através da fossa transoleocraniana (FQC-FTO) foi promissora em todos os casos de FSDU instável, não apresentou complicações de perda de redução ou lesão do nervo ulnar iatrogênico. A técnica é simples, segura e reprodutível, com bons resultados clínicos nesse tipo de fratura.

Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing of Femoral Shaft Fracture-Experience in 48 Children.

BACKGROUND: Femoral shaft fractures are an incapacitating pediatric injury accounting for 1.6% of all pediatric bony injuries. Management of these fractures is largely directed by age, fracture pattern, associated injuries, built of the child and socioeconomic status of the family. We retrospectively evaluated the use of elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) in surgical management of femoral shaft fractures in children and its complications. METHODS: Fifty two children were treated with titanium elastic nails (TEN) from June 2009 to June 2014 at our institution. At the end of the study there were 48 children. Fractures were classified according to Winquest and Hansen's as Grade I (n=32), Grade II (n=10), Grade III (n=6) and compound fractures by Gustilo and Anderson's classification, Grade I (n=5), Grade II (n=3). There were 36 mid-shaft fractures, 7 proximal third shaft fractures, 5 distal third shaft fractures. The final results were clinically evaluated by using Flynn's criteria and radiologically by Anthony et al's criteria. RESULTS: The mean duration of follow-up was 20 months (range 12 - 40 months). All fractures healed radiologically with grade III callus formation at 9 - 12 weeks (mean 9.7 weeks). The results were analyzed using Flynn's criteria and were excellent in 40 children (83%) and satisfactory in 8 children (17%). The soft tissue discomfort near the knee produced by nail ends was the most common problem in our study (25%). Other complications include limb shortening (n=5), Varus malunion (n=4), Nail protruding site infection (n=4) and nail migration (n=2). There was no delayed union, non-union or refractures. CONCLUSION: TEN is minimally invasive, safe, relatively easy to use and an effective treatment for fracture shaft of femur in properly selected children.Level of evidence: III.

A retrospective study of titanium elastic stable intramedullary nailing in displaced mid-shaft clavicle fractures.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to analyze the functional outcome following titanium elastic stable intra-medullary nailing (ESIN) for displaced mid-shaft clavicular fractures (DMCF). METHODS: A retrospective study of 60 patients between March 2009 and March 2015 was conducted. Patients were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Six patients were lost during follow up. Out of the remaining 54 patients, there were 39 males and 15 females. The mean age was 30.6 years. The functional outcome was analyzed using the Constant score, rate of bone union, complication, and earliest time of return to work. RESULTS: All fractures united well, with an average time of 7.5 weeks. Follow-up period ranged between 12 months and 18 months (average, 14 months). 24 out of 54 patients had closed nailing, while 30 had minimal open reduction. The average size of ESIN was 2 mm (range, 1.5-3 mm). The average Constant score was 97.8 (range, 95-99). There were no major complications, but minor complications occurred, viz. skin irritation in 15 patients, temporary paresthesia in five patients, and three patients who developed superficial infections. One case had implant migration and perforation at the lateral cortex, and one case had delayed union. There were few implant-related problems, as the authors used a standard protocol to remove it after radiological union. All patients returned to work within 10 weeks of the post-operative period. CONCLUSION: ESIN is a safe, minimally invasive, engenders rapid healing with good cosmesis, and provides an excellent functional outcome in terms of patient satisfaction, with fewer complications.

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o desfecho funcional após o uso de haste intramedular estável elástica de titânio (HIEET) em fraturas deslocadas do terço médio da clavícula (FDMC). MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo de 60 pacientes entre março de 2009 e março de 2015. Os pacientes foram selecionados com base nos critérios de inclusão. Houve perda de seguimento de seis pacientes. Dos 54 pacientes restantes, 39 eram homens e 15 mulheres. A média de idade foi de 30,6 anos. O desfecho funcional foi analisado pela escala de Constant, taxa de união óssea, taxa de complicação e tempo de retorno ao trabalho. RESULTADOS: Todas as fraturas apresentaram boa união, em uma média de 7,5 semanas. O período de acompanhamento variou entre 12 e 18 meses (média: 14 meses). Em 24 dos 54 pacientes usou-se redução fechada com hastes intramedulares; nos outros 30, foi utilizada a redução aberta com fixação mínima. O tamanho médio da HIEET foi de 2 mm (variação: 1,5-3 mm). A média da escala de Constant foi 97,8 (variação: 95-99). Nenhum paciente apresentou complicações de grande porte, mas algumas complicações de pequeno porte foram observadas, a saber: irritação da pele em 15 pacientes, parestesia temporária em cinco pacientes e infecções superficiais em três pacientes. Observou-se um caso de migração do implante e perfuração no córtex lateral; um caso teve união atrasada. A taxa de problemas relacionados ao implante foi baixa, uma vez que os autores usaram um protocolo padrão para removê-lo após a união radiológica. Todos os pacientes retornaram ao trabalho em até dez semanas após a cirurgia. CONCLUSÃO: A HIEET é um método seguro, minimamente invasivo, que gera cicatrização rápida com boa cosmesis e proporciona um excelente resultado funcional em termos de satisfação do paciente, com menos complicações.

A retrospective study of titanium elastic stable intramedullary nailing in displaced mid-shaft clavicle fractures / Estudo retrospectivo de haste intramedular estável elástica de titânio em fraturas deslocadas do terço médio da clavícula

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to analyze the functional outcome following titanium elastic stable intra-medullary nailing (ESIN) for displaced mid-shaft clavicular fractures (DMCF). METHODS: A retrospective study of 60 patients between March 2009 and March 2015 was conducted. Patients were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Six patients were lost during follow up. Out of the remaining 54 patients, there were 39 males and 15 females. The mean age was 30.6 years. The functional outcome was analyzed using the Constant score, rate of bone union, complication, and earliest time of return to work. RESULTS: All fractures united well, with an average time of 7.5 weeks. Follow-up period ranged between 12 months and 18 months (average, 14 months). 24 out of 54 patients had closed nailing, while 30 had minimal open reduction. The average size of ESIN was 2 mm (range, 1.5-3 mm). The average Constant score was 97.8 (range, 95-99). There were no major complications, but minor complications occurred, viz. skin irritation in 15 patients, temporary paresthesia in five patients, and three patients who developed superficial infections. One case had implant migration and perforation at the lateral cortex, and one case had delayed union. There were few implant-related problems, as the authors used a standard protocol to remove it after radiological union. All patients returned to work within 10 weeks of the post-operative period. CONCLUSION: ESIN is a safe, minimally invasive, engenders rapid healing with good cosmesis, and provides an excellent functional outcome in terms of patient satisfaction, with fewer complications.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: Analisar o desfecho funcional após o uso de haste intramedular estável elástica de titânio (HIEET) em fraturas deslocadas do terço médio da clavícula (FDMC). MÉTODOS: Fez-se um estudo retrospectivo de 60 pacientes, selecionados com base nos critérios de inclusão, entre março de 2009 e março de 2015. Houve perda de seguimento de seis. Dos 54 restantes, 39 eram homens e 15 mulheres. A média de idade foi de 30,6 anos. O desfecho funcional foi analisado pela escala de Constant, taxa de união óssea, taxa de complicação e pelo tempo de retorno ao trabalho. RESULTADOS: Todas as fraturas apresentaram boa união, em uma média de 7,5 semanas. O período de acompanhamento variou entre 12 e 18 meses (média: 14). Em 24 dos 54 pacientes usou-se redução fechada com hastes intramedulares; nos outros 30, foi usada a redução aberta com fixação mínima. O tamanho médio da HIEET foi de 2 mm (variação: 1,5-3 mm). A média da escala de Constant foi de 97,8 (variação: 95-99). Nenhum paciente apresentou complicações de grande porte, mas algumas complicações de pequeno porte foram observadas, a saber: irritação da pele em 15, parestesia temporária em cinco e infecções superficiais em três. Observou-se um caso de migração do implante e perfuração no córtex lateral; um caso teve união atrasada. A taxa de problemas relacionados ao implante foi baixa, uma vez que os autores usaram um protocolo padrão para removê-lo após a união radiológica. Todos os pacientes retornaram ao trabalho em até dez semanas após a cirurgia. CONCLUSÃO: A HIEET é um método seguro, minimamente invasivo, que gera cicatrização rápida com boa cosmesis e proporciona um excelente resultado funcional em termos de satisfação do paciente, com menos complicações.

Functional Results of Unstable (Type 2) Distal Clavicle Fractures Treated with Superior Anterior Locking Plate.

BACKGROUND: The treatment of distal clavicle fracture is always a challenge, as it is mostly unstable and has higher rate of delayed union, malunion, non-union and associated acromioclavicular arthritis. So the management of these fractures remains controversial. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the functional results of Type 2 distal end clavicle fractures treated with superior anterior locking plate. METHODS: From June 2011 to August 2015 a retrospective study of12 male patients (mean age of 41.3 years) 11 with unilateral and 1 with bilateral distal clavicle fractures treated with superior anterior locking plate was done. They were evaluated at regular intervals with mean follow up of 14 months(12-18 months). Those with minimum one year follow up were included in our study. All were evaluated for the functioning of the shoulder joint by both Oxford shoulder score and Quick DASH scores, rate of bone union, complications and earliest time for return to work. RESULTS: All fractures union seen within 6-8 weeks (mean time: 7.1 weeks). All had good shoulder range of motion. The average oxford shoulder and Quick DASH score were 46.2 and 6.5. There were no major complications in our study viz. non-union, plate failure, secondary fracture. But one patient had superficial wound infection. All patients returned to work within 3 months of postoperative period. CONCLUSION: Displaced distal clavicle fractures treated with superior anterior locking plates achieved excellent results in terms of bony union with rarely any complications and demonstrate promising results with this novel technique.