Corrigendum to data on nitrate-nitrite pollution in the groundwater resources a Sonqor plain in Iran [Data in Brief Volume 20 (2018) Pages 394-401].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.08.023.].

Evaluation of the Relationship of Employment and Economic Status with the Feeling of Mental Well-Being in the Elderly Living in Northern Iran.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The feeling of mental well-being plays a role in mental and physical health, increased life expectancy, and sense of comfort and well-being in human beings. Moreover, quality of life along with economic and social indicators is the greatest desire and most important goal of human life. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of employment and economic status with the feeling of mental well-being in the elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this descriptive-analytical study, 200 elderly people living in Northern Iran, in 2018 were recruited to the study through available sampling method. The data collected using the Subjective Well-Being Questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive (mean, standard deviation, and frequency) and inferential statistical tests (Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression). The significance level was considered at P<0.050. RESULTS: The mean and standard deviation of the age of the research units was 69.00±8.22 years. The results showed that the mean of psychological well-being was higher than that of other dimensions (80.00±11.80), and emotional well-being had the lowest mean (37.00±6.36). The Pearson correlation coefficient test did not show a significant relationship between employment and feeling of mental well-being (P=0.550), but a positive and significant correlation was observed between economic status and feeling of mental well-being (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Due to the correlation between economic status and the feeling of mental well-being of elderly people, it is essential to consider the necessary solutions in this regard.

Evaluation of safety standards accomplishment in educational hospitals of Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences-Iran.

Patient's safety and staff in hospital is one issue that has always been considered as an important principle by experts in health systems. Therefore, for increase safety, standards and safety regulations must be considered. This study aims to evaluation of safety standards accomplishment in educational hospitals of Neyshabur University of medical Sciences. This cross-sectional descriptive study, safety standard status of all wards including 17 various wards from 22 Bahman hospital and 14 various wards from hakim Hospital in Neyshabur city (2016) was investigated. Data were collected using a questionnaire safety standard status hospitals (264 questions). Also data analyzed by SPSS16 software, using descriptive (Mean ± SD) and inferential statistics (T-Test). The results revealed that Safety standard status in 22bahman and hakim hospital were weak (2.42 ± 0.14) and moderate (3.04 ± 0.18) respectively. Also result showed in Hakim hospital, the highest and lowest safety standard status in Internal and Administrative-financial unit was (3.42 ± 0.19) (1.36 ± 0.58) respectively. In addition in hakim hospital, the highest and lowest safety standard status in operation room and administrative-financial unit (3.53 ± 0.28), 1.36 ± 0.58) respectively. According to the result, the safety condition in hospitals of Neyshabur city is moderate and poor status. However, imperfect implementation of safety protocols can endanger safety conditions in hospital. Therefore, it is necessary to take the required correcting measures to ensure full safety in hospitals. •Safety is defined by development of systems for preventing incidents, injuries, and other unpleasant events in organizations.•This article showed the safety status is not appropriate in most units of hospitals, which can lead to dangers for patients and personnel.•It is suggested for future studies to compare the safety status of different provinces.

Perceptions and practices related to clinical alarms.

BACKGROUND: Clinical alarms represent the top hazard listed in the "Top Ten Health Technology Hazards" report. Frequent false alarms can disrupt patient care and reduce trust in alarms. AIM: The aim of the present study was to investigate the perceptions and practices of critical and noncritical care nurses regarding clinical alarms. METHODOLOGY: This was a descriptive analytical study conducted from October 2016 to February 2017 at three hospitals on 197 nurses at Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences in Neyshabur, Northeastern Iran. Participants were selected through stratified random sampling. The perceptions were measured through the 2011 Health care Technology Foundation Clinical Alarms Survey. RESULTS: More than half of the nurses believed that frequent false alarms reduced trust in alarms, leading nurses to inappropriately disable alarms. The nurses ranked frequent false alarms as the most important issue in response to alarms. More than 60% of the nurses indicated that they needed more training on the use of bedside and central monitors. CONCLUSION: The result of this study suggested that frequent false alarms, as the most important issue related to alarms, should be taken into account by hospital administrators and researchers to decrease alarm fatigue and improve alarm system safety. More specialized clinical policies and procedures for alarm management should also be considered.

Dataset on the nurses' knowledge, attitude and practice towards palliative care.

When a patient enters the end stage of life threatening disease like cancer, treatment of pain and other symptoms must be considered to preserve quality of life (Gielen et al., 2011) [1]. Nurses have an important role in the care of patients who suffered from life threatening diseases. End of life cares is one of the routine activities of nurses (Gott et al., 2012) [2]. We surveyed knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses who worked in the hospitals of Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences towards palliative care from January 2016 to May 2016. A self-administered Persian questionnaire was used for data collection. The attitude scale was adopted from Frommelt Attitude toward Care of the Dying (Frommelt, 1991) and the knowledge questions were adopted from the Palliative Care Quiz for Nursing (Ross et al., 1996). The practice questions were also adopted from different related studies. Data analysis was performed by SPSS Statistics software for windows version 16. Our study showed that majority of nurses had favorable attitude but poor knowledge and practice towards palliative care. The results emphasize the importance and need for developing palliative care services in our hospitals.

Canal Transportation and Centering after Using PathFile and R-Pilot in Mesiobuccal Canals of Maxillary Molars Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the changes in root canal anatomy following the use of PathFile and R-Pilot using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods and Materials: In this in vitro, experimental study, 60 extracted maxillary first and second molars with 20 to 40° mesiobuccal root curvature, minimum of 19 mm of root length, no calcified root canals and no history of previous treatment were divided into two groups (n=30). CBCT scans were taken before and after the treatment, and sections at 1, 2 and 3 mm from the apex were compared. Pairwise comparisons were carried out using the Mann Whitney-U test. The centering ratio data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. All statistical analyses were carried out using Sigma Stat 4 software. Results: The difference between PathFile and R-Pilot in canal transportation in mesiodistal direction was significant at 1 and 2 mm from the apex (P<0.01). The R-Pilot file was significantly superior to PathFile in centering ability in mesiodistal direction at 1 mm from the apex (P<0.05). Canal transportation direction was towards the mesiolingual and distobuccal in R-Pilot and PathFile groups, respectively. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the results showed that R-Pilot with reciprocal movement is a safe and easy to use instrument for creating a glide path.

Negotiation, Centering Ability and Transportation of Three Glide Path Files in Second Mesiobuccal Canals of Maxillary Molars: A CBCT Assessment.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare negotiation, centering ability and transportation of three path finder rotary instruments (ProGlider, ScoutRace and M3 Pro-Gold Path File) to create glide path in second mesiobuccal (MB2) canals of maxillary molars with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods and Materials: In this in vitro study, 66 maxillary molars with separate second MB2 canals were selected with the following criteria: having 18-21 mm root length, without any resorption or calcification in radiography, without previous treatment and 20-40º curve according to Schneider's method. Then MB2 canals were randomly divided into three groups (n=22). CBCT scan before and after root canal negotiation was taken. A #10 K-file for determination of working length was inserted into all canals. In group1; ProGlider file, group2; ScoutRace file and in group 3; M3 Pro-Gold Path file was implemented. The calculated data from CBCT based on reaching full working length (RFWL) or not (NRFWL) were analyzed using the Pearson Chi-square test. Centering ability was calculated by Fisher's exact test and amount of transportation was determined with the Pearson Chi-square test in SPSS software. Results: ProGlider file had the least RFWL and ScoutRace was the best, but the results were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Regarding the centering ability and transportation, all 3 groups showed no significant differences (P>0.05), except at level of 2 mm from the apex in buccopalatal direction for ProGlider and ScoutRace files (P<0.05). Conclusion: In spite of insignificantly different results, ScoutRace file was better than other groups in negotiating and centering ability in mesiodistal direction of the MB2 canal in maxillary molars. Also, ProGlider file was significantly better than ScoutRace regarding transportation at level of 2 mm from apex in buccopalatal direction.

Assessment health status of ICU medical equipment levels at Neyshabur hospitals using ICNA and ACC indices.

This study was conducted to evaluate the health status of medical equipment's in Neyshabur hospital's intensive care units (ICU) before and after daily cleaning in order to compare the efficiency of the observational and microbial methods in evaluating hygienic conditions and cleaning of the environmental surfaces at the hospitals in Neyshabur. The study was performed in a ten-week period, twice a week before and after daily cleaning according to the ICNA observational method and the ACC microbial method were performed on the selected sites. (before and after daily cleaning in order to compare ICNA observational method and the ACC microbial method which performed on the selected sites). Result showed in total, 826 ICNA checklists were completed in this research for the 13 studied spots, 27.12% of the spots were contaminated before cleaning procedures, which dropped to 7.75% after cleaning. Data of the samples using the ACC index revealed that 74.82 were contaminated and 7.75% were clean. Bottle suction with 8.2% and Electroshock with 1% were the most and the least contaminated spots, respectively. As the results proved, the microorganism of Staphylococcus epidermises is the most grown organism in the intensive care unit. This study suggests that visual assessment is not enough to ensure quality of the process and it is necessary to document the level of cleanliness by quantitative methods. Also preparing the integrated instructions and guidelines of cleaning and disinfection and its continuous monitoring with standard methods would be effective in reducing the microbial contamination.

Data on evaluation of AQI for different season in Kerman, Iran, 2015.

The purpose of this data, was to evaluate the air quality index of Kerman city in different season of 2015. The data showed that the PM10 and O3 were highest in the winter season and PM2.5, CO, SO2 and NO2 in the spring season as the air quality indexes. The highest number of unhealthy days was observed in spring in relation to PM2.5 and PM10 pollutants. The data showed that 33 and 9 days of the spring season had unfavorable conditions in relation PM2.5 and PM10 pollutants respectively. Therefore, the pollutant responsible for air pollution in Kerman was PM2.5. By comparing the air quality index in different seasons of 2015 in terms of different pollutants, it was found that in most of the seasons, Kerman has a desirable air quality index.

Data on drinking water quality using water quality index (WQI) and assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation purposes in Qorveh&Dehgolan, Kurdistan, Iran.

This data article aimed to investigate the quality of drinking water of Qorveh and Dehgolan Counties in Kurdistan province based on the water quality index (WQI) and agricultural quality index based on RSC, PI, KR, MH, Na, SAR and SSP indices. Also, Piper diagram was used to determine hydro chemical features of the groundwater area. The calculation of WQI for groundwater samples indicated that 36% of the samples could be considered as excellent water and 64% of the samples were classified as good water category. The results of the calculated indices for agricultural water quality indicate that water quality in all collected samples are in a good and excellent category. The Piper classification showed that dominant type of groundwater hydro chemical faces of region was calcium bicarbonate (Ca-HCO3-).

Data on Nitrate-Nitrite pollution in the groundwater resources a Sonqor plain in Iran.

Nitrate is a groundwater pollutant which in higher concentrations limits, leads to health hazard such as Methemoglobinemia and formation of nitrosamine compounds. In this research, the nitrate and nitrite concentrations in all water resources in the villages of Songor plain were determined and the relationship between these values with the water table and zonation of nitrate concentration were investigated in the GIS environment. In this study, 37 samples of all groundwater resources of Sonqor plain were taken in, high water (March 2016) and low water (October 2017) periods. Water nitrate levels were then determined by spectrophotometry and results compared with national standards of Iran and analyzed by SPSS. Finally, the concentration distribution mapping was carried out in GIS environment and the factors affecting nitrite changes were analyzed. Nitrate concentration of water resources of Sonqor plain was fluctuating at 3.09-88.5 mg per Liter. In one station, nitrite concentrations in the high (88.5 mg/L) and low (71.4 mg/L) water seasons were higher than the maximum limit. Low thickness of alluvium, the site of wells in the downstream farmlands, the farming situation of the region, nitrate leaching from agricultural soils and wide use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture were considered as the causes of the pollution in one station. Though the average concentration of nitrate and nitrite are not high in this region, but because of problematic consequences of high nitrate concentrations to human health, proper management in use of chemical fertilizers, treatment or disposal of contaminated wells and protection of water wells is highly recommended.

Data on the attitudes of nurses and patient׳s family regarding the family presence in the intensive care unit in Birjand, Iran.

The presence of the patient׳s family on the patient׳s bedside in the intensive care units (ICU) has been a challenging issue among nurses. Therefore, the aim of the data is to evaluate the viewpoints of nurses and the family of patients on the family attendance at the patient bedside in the intensive care units at the educational hospitals in Birjand City. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 70 nurses working in the intensive care units of the hospitals and 100 members of the family of patients admitted to the intensive care units in 2017. Statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS 16. The findings showed that the average score obtained by nurses and families were 0.46 ± 1.75 and 2.61 ± 0.50, respectively. The data showed that nurses have a negative opinion about the presence of the patients' family regarding the family presence in the Intensive Care Unit ICU (P < 0.001).

Nursing managers attitude toward spirituality and spiritual care in Khorasan Razavi Province hospitals in 2016.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Spiritual care is an important part of nursing practice that seems to provide comprehensive care to patients. Nursing manager's attention to the spiritual dimension is one of the most important aspects affecting human health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine nursing managers' attitude to spirituality and spiritual care in hospitals in Khorasan Razavi Province in 2016. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 110 management nurses (8 matrons, 37 supervisors and 65 head nurses) of hospitals in Khorasan Razavi Province (2016) were recruited for the study. Data were collected using a Spirituality & Spiritual Care Rating Scale (SSCRS) questionnaire in two parts, demographic information and questions related to the research objectives. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS 16 software and doing descriptive (frequency, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent-samples t-test, ANOVA) and considering levels of significance (p<0.05). RESULTS: The results showed mean and standard deviation in management nursing attitude to spirituality (4.01±0.35) and spiritual care (4.03±0.78). The result showed significant differences between the attitude to spirituality and spiritual care and gender, age and work experience in nursing management (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Management nursing has high level attitude to spirituality and spiritual care. Therefore, providing the perfect platform to provide this care, and for nurses to implement it in hospitals is recommended.

The association between death anxiety with spiritual experiences and life satisfaction in elderly people.

INTRODUCTION: Death anxiety is a concept with greater importance among the elderly as they approach inevitability of death. Identifying the correlates of death anxiety among old people is important in order to reduce the burden of this problem. Therefore, the present study was performed with the aim to examine the association between spiritual experiences and life satisfaction with death anxiety in this stage of life. METHOD: This cross-sectional study with descriptive-analytical design included 190 elderly people visiting the health and medical centers of Neyshabur city, Iran, during fall and winter, 2016. Participants were asked to complete three questionnaires including a 16-item spiritual experiences scale, life satisfaction index proposed by Wood and Shifor with 13 items, and a 27-item death anxiety scale developed by Aminpour. Analytical statistics (Spearman's correlation coefficient, Pearson's correlation coefficient) were conducted using SPSS software version 22. RESULTS: Fifty-eight percent of participants were in younger elderly age group with mean age of 68.18±7.13 years and the number of men and women was the same (95). A significant positive association between spiritual experiences and life satisfaction (r=0.2, p<0.05), a significant negative association between spiritual experiences and death anxiety (r=-0.184, p< 0.05) and a significant negative relationship between life satisfaction and death anxiety (r=-0.2, p<0.05) was found. CONCLUSION: Based on results, it seems that reducing stressors in this stage of life including reduction of death anxiety, is possible through use of spiritual experiences and increasing life satisfaction.

A Comparison of the Effect of Interposed Abdominal Compression Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Standard Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Methods on End-tidal CO2 and the Return of Spontaneous Circulation Following Cardiac Arrest: A Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVES: Sudden cardiac arrest is a major cause of death in the adult population of developed countries, with only 10%-15% of cardiopulmonary resuscitations (CPRs) being successful. We aimed to compare the effects of interposed abdominal compression CPR (IAC-CPR) with standard CPR (STD-CPR) methods on end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2 ) and the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) following cardiac arrest in a hospital setting. METHODS: After cardiac arrest was confirmed in a patient at Mashhad Ghaem Hospital, 80 cases were randomly assigned to one of the two methods of resuscitation, either IAC-CPR or STD-CPR, respectively. The inclusion criteria for the study were nontraumatic cardiac arrest, in patients between the age of 18 and 85 years, and the presence of endotracheal tube. Exclusion criteria were abdominal surgery in the past 2 weeks, active gastrointestinal bleeding, pulmonary embolism, and suspected pregnancy. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the two groups in ETCO2 (p < 0.003), but there was no significant difference as far as the ROSC (p > 0.50). CONCLUSION: The increase in the ETCO2 during IAC-CPR is an indicator of the increase in cardiac output following the use of this method of CPR.