Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease increases the risk of complications after radical resection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients is increasing, yet its association with postoperative complications of HCC remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of MAFLD on complications after radical resection in HCC patients. METHODS: Patients with HCC who underwent radical resection were included. Patients were stratified into MAFLD group and non-MAFLD group. Clinical features and post-hepatectomy complications were compared between the two groups, and logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent risk factors associated with post-hepatectomy complications. RESULTS: Among the 936 eligible patients with HCC who underwent radical resection, concurrent MAFLD was diagnosed in 201 (21.5%) patients. Compared to the non-MAFLD group, the MAFLD group exhibited a higher incidence of complications, including infectious and major complications after radical resection in HCC patients. The logistic regression analysis found that MAFLD was an independent risk factor for complications, including infectious and major complications in HCC patients following radical resection (OR 1.565, 95%CI 1.109-2.343, P = 0.012; OR 2.092, 95%CI 1.386-3.156, P < 0.001; OR 1.859, 95% CI 1.106-3.124, P = 0.019; respectively). Subgroup analysis of HBV-related HCC patients yielded similar findings, and MAFLD patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibited a higher incidence of postoperative complications compared to those without T2DM (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent MAFLD was associated with an increased incidence of complications after radical resection in patients with HCC, especially MAFLD with T2DM.

Role of Macrophage Activation and Polarization in Myocardial Fibrosis and Intervention of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Myocardial fibrosis （MF） is a common pathological manifestation of various heart diseases. Due to the non-renewable nature of myocardial cells， the occurrence of MF represents irreversible damage to the myocardium. Previous studies have suggested that fibroblast-mediated collagen deposition is the main mechanism of MF. Recent studies have found that there is an immune regulation mechanism in the heart itself， and macrophage activation/polarization plays an important role in MF. With the deepening of traditional Chinese medicine research， scholars have found that traditional Chinese medicine can interfere with MF by regulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system （RAAS） system and the inflammatory process， repairing the extracellular matrix， managing oxidative stress， and maintaining the balance of autophagy. This process is closely related to the activation and M1/M2 polarization of macrophages. Throughout the MF process， macrophage activation is beneficial， but excessive activation will be harmful. In the early stage of MF， appropriate M1 macrophage polarization is conducive to activating immunity and removing harmful substances. In the middle and late stages of MF， appropriate M2 macrophage polarization is conducive to remodeling the damaged myocardium. If macrophage activation is excessive/insufficient， or the balance of M1/M2 macrophage polarization is broken， the effect changes from improvement to destruction. Traditional Chinese medicines that regulate the activation/polarization of macrophages have the effects of replenishing Qi and nourishing Yin， as well as regulating Qi and activating blood， but there are also some heat-clearing， dampness-drying， and detoxification products. Therefore， the occurrence of MF may be caused by Qi and Yin deficiency， damp heat accumulation， and Qi stagnation and blood stasis. By summarizing the biological processes involved in macrophage activation/polarization in MF， this paper expounded on the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating macrophage activation and M1/M2 polarization from different angles to improve MF， so as to provide a reference for the treatment of MF with traditional Chinese medicine.

Impact of MAFLD on the complications after hepatectomy in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a term that was proposed in 2020 by a group of international experts. However, the impact of MAFLD on complications after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is not clear. The aim of this study is to explore the influence of MAFLD on the complications after hepatectomy in patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC). Patients with HBV-HCC who underwent hepatectomy between January 2019 and December 2021 were consecutively enrolled. The predictors of complications after hepatectomy in HBV-HCC patients were retrospectively analyzed. Among the 514 eligible HBV-HCC patients, 117 (22.8%) were diagnosed with concurrent MAFLD. Post hepatectomy complications occurred in 101 patients (19.6%), including 75 patients (14.6%) with infectious complications and 40 patients (7.8%) with major complications. Univariate analysis showed that MAFLD was not the risk factor for complications after hepatectomy in patients with HBV-HCC (P > .05). However, univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that lean-MAFLD was an independent risk factor for post hepatectomy complications in patients with HBV-HCC (odds ratio 2.245; 95% confidence interval 1.243-5.362, P = .028). Similar results were found in the analysis of predictors for infectious and major complications after hepatectomy in patients with HBV-HCC. MAFLD commonly coexists with HBV-HCC and is not directly associated with complications after hepatectomy, but lean-MAFLD is an independent risk factor for post hepatectomy complications in patients with HBV-HCC.

The impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radical resection.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is recently proposed an entity by a group of international experts. However, the impact of MAFLD on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not clear. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of MAFLD for the prognosis of HCC after radical resection. METHODS: HCC patients who received radical resection were enrolled. The recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between MAFLD and non-MAFLD. RESULTS: A total of 576 HCC patients were included, and among them 114 (19.8%) met the diagnostic criteria of MAFLD. The median RFS was 34.0 months in the MAFLD group and 19.0 months in the non-MAFLD group. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year RFS rates were 64.9%, 49.1% and 36.1% in the MAFLD group, which were higher than those of the non-MAFLD group (59.4%, 35.3% and 26.5%, respectively, P = 0.01). The mean OS was 57.0 months in the MAFLD group and 52.2 months in the non-MAFLD group. There was no statistical difference in OS rate between the MAFLD group and non-MAFLD group. Similar results were found in HBV-related HCC patients in the subgroup analysis. Univariate analysis revealed that MAFLD was a protective factor for RFS in HCC patients after radical resection (P < 0.05), and there was no association between MAFLD and OS rate (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that MAFLD was not an independent protective factor for HCC patients with radical resection. CONCLUSIONS: MAFLD improves RFS rate in HCC patients with radical resection, but is not an independent protective factor and not associated with OS rate.

Application and development of stabilizers in coronary artery bypass grafting / 中国医师杂志

The first robotic heart surgery was performed more than two decades ago. Less invasive cardiac surgical techniques have become increasingly popular in recent years. The integration of emerging materials, computers and engineering technologies has provided the conditions for the application of robotic surgery in various cardiac procedures. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), mitral valvuloplasty/valvuloplasty and radiofrequency/cryoablation for atrial fibrillation are some of the most common surgical procedures. Currently, only a few international cardiac centers have teams specializing in total endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting. Although some studies have shown good results in robot-assisted heart surgery, questions remain about its safety, cost-benefit ratio, and long-term clinical outcomes. Robotic heart surgery poses higher challenges to myocardial protection and precise anastomosis. The role of stabilizers is to provide a relatively stable field of vision for heart surgery, which is the basis of all non-stop heart surgery. Because of their importance, researchers around the world are constantly exploring how to develop new, more sophisticated stabilizers. This review focuses on the research and development status and development trend of the stabilizer, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the current commonly used stabilizer, closely follows the clinic, makes in-depth analysis, and puts forward the key points of the future development of the stabilizer in coronary artery bypass surgery.

Dynein axonemal heavy chain 10 deficiency causes primary ciliary dyskinesia in humans and mice / 医学前沿

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a congenital, motile ciliopathy with pleiotropic symptoms. Although nearly 50 causative genes have been identified, they only account for approximately 70% of definitive PCD cases. Dynein axonemal heavy chain 10 (DNAH10) encodes a subunit of the inner arm dynein heavy chain in motile cilia and sperm flagella. Based on the common axoneme structure of motile cilia and sperm flagella, DNAH10 variants are likely to cause PCD. Using exome sequencing, we identified a novel DNAH10 homozygous variant (c.589C > T, p.R197W) in a patient with PCD from a consanguineous family. The patient manifested sinusitis, bronchiectasis, situs inversus, and asthenoteratozoospermia. Immunostaining analysis showed the absence of DNAH10 and DNALI1 in the respiratory cilia, and transmission electron microscopy revealed strikingly disordered axoneme 9+2 architecture and inner dynein arm defects in the respiratory cilia and sperm flagella. Subsequently, animal models of Dnah10-knockin mice harboring missense variants and Dnah10-knockout mice recapitulated the phenotypes of PCD, including chronic respiratory infection, male infertility, and hydrocephalus. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report DNAH10 deficiency related to PCD in human and mouse models, which suggests that DNAH10 recessive mutation is causative of PCD.

Hsa_Circ_0098181 Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Sponging miR-18a-3p and Targeting PPARA.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, and its incidence is still high in China. This study aimed to investigate the circular RNAs (circRNAs) involved in the development of HCC and elucidate the mechanism. RNA sequencing found 72 downregulated circRNAs and 88 upregulated circRNAs in human HCC tissues, including hsa_circ_0098181, hsa_circ_0072309, hsa_circ_0000831, and hsa_circ_0000231. The reduction of hsa_circ_0098181 was confirmed in eight paired human HCC tissues, hepatoma cell lines, and CCL4/DEN-induced mouse HCC models by RT-qPCR. The FISH assay revealed that hsa_circ_0098181 is mainly located in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in the paratumor tissues. Further log-rank analysis performed in 91 HCC patients demonstrated that low expression of hsa_circ_0098181 was related to poor prognosis. The plasmid and lentivirus overexpressing hsa_circ_0098181 were delivered into HCC cell lines. After hsa_circ_0098181 was upregulated, the proliferation, invasion, migration, and colony formation of HCC cell lines were inhibited, and the apoptosis was promoted. Moreover, exogenous hsa_circ_0098181 delivery mitigated the tumor formation ability of Huh7 in Balb/C nude mice. The dual-luciferase reporter assay and the RIP assay verified that hsa_circ_0098181 sponged miR-18a-3p to regulate PPARA. In addition, a rescue experiment found miR-18a-3p mimic partly reversed the suppression of hsa_circ_0098181 on proliferation, invasion, and migration of HCC cell lines. In conclusion, hsa_circ_0098181 can repress the development of HCC through sponging miR-18a-3p and promoting the expression of PPARA in vitro and in vivo, and hsa_circ_0098181 might be a therapeutic target for HCC.

Electrochemical Ring-Opening Dicarboxylation of Strained Carbon-Carbon Single Bonds with CO2: Facile Synthesis of Diacids and Derivatization into Polyesters.

Diacids are important monomers in the polymer industry to construct valuable materials. Dicarboxylation of unsaturated bonds, such as alkenes and alkynes, with CO2 has been demonstrated as a promising synthetic method. However, dicarboxylation of C─C single bonds with CO2 has rarely been investigated. Herein we report a novel electrochemical ring-opening dicarboxylation of C─C single bonds in strained rings with CO2. Structurally diverse glutaric acid and adipic acid derivatives were synthesized from substituted cyclopropanes and cyclobutanes in moderate to high yields. In contrast to oxidative ring openings, this is also the first realization of an electroreductive ring-opening reaction of strained rings, including commercialized ones. Control experiments suggested that radical anions and carbanions might be the key intermediates in this reaction. Moreover, this process features high step and atom economy, mild reaction conditions (1 atm, room temperature), good chemoselectivity and functional group tolerance, low electrolyte concentration, and easy derivatization of the products. Furthermore, we conducted polymerization of the corresponding diesters with diols to obtain a potential UV-shielding material with a self-healing function and a fluorine-containing polyester, whose performance tests showed promising applications.

An investigation on the accuracy of a simple measurement method of glomerular filtration rate / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the proper blood collection time and calculation formula by measuring the iohexol plasma clearance as a representative of glomerular filtration rate at the same time of routine enhanced computed tomography (CT) examination.Methods:The prospective study method was applied, and 9 subjects with normal renal function, who admitted in Civil Aviation General Hospital from September 2018 to June 2019, were included. A single bolus of a standard dose (5 ml) (iodine concentration: 350 mgI/ml) was injected. The concentration of iohexol was measured from heparin plasma at fasting state of the subject and at nine different times after the injection, respectively. More than 24 hours after the injection of the standard dose, an enhanced CT-level dose (50 ml) of iohexol was injected to the subject and the concentration of iohexol was measured at similar time points as the standard dose. Using a multi-point method of a standard dose as the standard, the clearance rate was calculated by three kinds of formulas including Groth and Aasted formula, Jacobsson formula and Fleming formula with the single-point method to assess iohexol plasma clearance at 0.5 to 8.0 hours post injection of enhanced CT-level dose. The correlation consistency and accuracy of the multi-point method and the single-point method, as well as the dual-point method and the single-point method were compared, and the proper blood collection time and calculation formula of the single-point method at regular enhanced CT-level dose were evaluated. The correlation between the multi-point method and the single-point method, as well as the dual-point method and the single-point method were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient; the consistency between the multi-point method and the single-point method, as well as the dual-point method and the single-point method were assessed by bias using mean±standard deviation ( SD) and 95% confidence interval ( CI) of mean difference and so on. We assessed the concordance of GFR using GFR±5% ( P5),±10% ( P10) and 1±30% ( P30) intervals. Results:Compared with the multi-point method, the mean deviation of iohexol plasma clearance obtained by the three single-point methods increased gradually from 5 hours after the injection of iohexol ( P<0.05). Compared with the multi-point method, only 3 h results, which was calculated by the Groth and Aasted formula, reached a P value greater than 0.05, a correlation coefficient of 0.938, a mean deviation of (-5.2±8.8) ml·min -1·1.73 m -2, and the concordances were 100% corresponding to P30,77.8% corresponding to P10, and 66.7% corresponding to P5; the 2, 3 and 4 hours results, which was calculated by the Jacobsson formula, reached P values greater than 0.05, when the blood collection time was 3 hours, the correlation coefficient was 0.938, and the mean deviation was the smallest, which was (1.5±6.2) ml·min -1·1.73 m -2, and the concordances were 100% corresponding to P30, 88.9% corresponding to P10, and 66.7% corresponding to P5; the 2 and 3 hours results, which was calculated by the Fleming formula, reached P values greater than 0.05, when the blood collection time was 2 h, the correlation coefficient was 0.956, and the mean deviation was the smallest, which was (-4.5±8.8) ml·min -1·1.73 m -2, and the concordances were 100% corresponding to P30, 77.8% corresponding to P10, and 55.6% corresponding to P5,Compared with the dual-point method, when Groth or Aasted formula was used, the mean deviation was the smallest at 3 hours, which was (-5.3±5.7) ml·min -1·1.73 m -2; when Jacobsson formula was used, the mean deviation was the smallest at 2 hours, which was (1.6±1.6) ml·min -1·1.73 m -2; when Fleming formula was used, and the mean deviation was the smallest at 2 hours, which was (-4.6±4.0) ml·min -1·1.73 m -2. Conclusion:At a regular enhanced CT-level dose, one blood collection can accurately measure the glomerular filtration rate, the proper time for blood collection can be 3 hours after iohexol injection, and the appropriate calculation formula can be Jacobsson formula.

Use of anticoagulant mechanical methods after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for obese patients / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective:To investigate anticoagulant effects of mechanical methods in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).Methods:In this prospective study, 54 obese patients receiving LSG were enrolled . All patients were given post-op mechanical methods for thrombogenic interventions. BMI and the operation-related factors were recorded. Venous blood specimens were taken from each patient before surgery, at the end of pneumoperitoneum (i.e., 0 h after surgery), at 24 hours after surgery for prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB) and D-dimer (D-D).Results:All 54 obese patients successfully underwent LSG. No severe complications were observed. Before operation, the mean BMI was (43.49±8.29) kg/m 2. DVT-2600 device was applied in all patients for 3 consecutive days after surgery. The PT values increased at 0 h, 24 h after surgery [(12.4±1.2) s, (12.4±0.8) s vs. (11.2±0.8) s, P=0, 0]. The APTT values at 0 h, 24 h after surgery decreased [(29.7±3.6) s, (29.0±3.1) s vs.(31.2±3.3) s, P=0.020, 0.001]. However, the D-D values increased at 0 h,24 h after operation [(213±143) ng/ml ,(445±237) ng/ml vs. (85±108) ng/ml, P=0, 0]. All patients were followed up for 1 month, and no thrombosis -related complications were observed. Conclusion:Mechanical methods for obese patients after LSG can help decrease the risk of deep venous thrombosis.

Progress of laboratory examination of calcium calculi of urinary system / 中华检验医学杂志

Calcium calculi account for about 80% of urolithiasis with high incidence and recurrence rate. Recurrent urolithiasis increases the risk of hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Comprehensive metabolic evaluation is of paramount importance for the prevention of calcium calculi. With deepening of the study on the pathogenesis of calculi, we find crystallization inhibitors, inflammation and oxidative stress molecules play an important role in the formation of calculi, and susceptibility gene sites of urinary calculi are identified in succession. These may be used as novel markers for the prevention and evaluation of urinary calculi. Models that predict the risk of kidney stone recurrence can help warn people at high risk.

Do Bacteria Have the Transcription Factors? The Formation and Development of the Concept of “Transcription Factor” / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Over the past 20 years, there have been substantial divergences in academia around the world on the issue of whether bacteria have transcription factors (TFs). The traditional view is that bacteria do not have TFs, and their transcriptional activators and/or repressors regulate the transcription initiation, and TFs only bind to eukaryotic promoters. The typical representative of the traditional view is the mainstream international textbooks of Biochemistry and Molecular biology edited by some academic authorities. However, the new idea is that DNA binding transcriptional activators and repressors in bacteria are TFs, and the content and importance of which are no less than those of eukaryotes. Although the new idea has long been common in academic papers published in international academic journals, many scholars still have doubts. The concept of " transcription factor", like many terms of molecular biology, is constantly updated with the development of sciences, from narrowly-defined sense to broadly-defined sense. In the beginning, people thought that TFs were only necessary for the transcription initiation of eukaryotic genes, and bacteria did not need TFs. It was understandable that bacteria were excluded from the TFs’ scope of application at that time. The rich scientific research achievements in the past 40 years have proved that a large number of transcriptional activators and repressors bind to cis-regulatory elements other than promoters, including enhancers, silencers, and insulators in eukaryotes, as well as a variety of positive and negative regulatory elements in bacteria. These transcriptional regulatory proteins conform to all the basic characteristics of TFs, which make them worthy of the name " transcription factors". Therefore, the new idea is scientific, reasonable, and should be widely accepted and adopted by the academic community. In the future, whether the concept of " transcription factor " will be further expanded to chromatin-modifying proteins such as histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and ncRNAs, and even to " elongation factors" and " termination factors" of transcription, we should be open to this issue.

Reductive dearomative arylcarboxylation of indoles with CO2 via visible-light photoredox catalysis.

Catalytic reductive coupling of two electrophiles and one unsaturated bond represents an economic and efficient way to construct complex skeletons, which is dominated by transition-metal catalysis via two electron transfer. Herein, we report a strategy of visible-light photoredox-catalyzed successive single electron transfer, realizing dearomative arylcarboxylation of indoles with CO2. This strategy avoids common side reactions in transition-metal catalysis, including ipso-carboxylation of aryl halides and ß-hydride elimination. This visible-light photoredox catalysis shows high chemoselectivity, low loading of photocatalyst, mild reaction conditions (room temperature, 1 atm) and good functional group tolerance, providing great potential for the synthesis of valuable but difficultly accessible indoline-3-carboxylic acids. Mechanistic studies indicate that the benzylic radicals and anions might be generated as the key intermediates, thus providing a direction for reductive couplings with other electrophiles, including D2O and aldehyde.

Detection of Pseudorabies Virus Antibodies in Human Encephalitis Cases.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a veterinary pathogen that infects domestic animals as well as wild animals such as wild boar and feral swine, was recently reported to infect human and led to endophthalmitis and encephalitis. A retrospective seroepidemiologic survey was conducted using 1,335 serum samples collected from patients with encephalitis and ELISA positive rates were 12.16%, 14.25%, and 6.52% in 2012, 2013, and 2017, respectively. The virus neutralizing antibody titers of positive samples correlated well with ELISA results. The pseudorabies virus antibody positive rate of patients with encephalitis were higher than that of healthy people in 2017. The above results suggest that some undefined human encephalitis cases may be caused by PRV infection.

Establishment and performance evaluation of a wide-range high performance liquid chromatography method for determination of iohexol quantification / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To establish a method for iohexolquantification based on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to measure the concentration of blood iohexolafterlow dose and contrast dose injection.Methods:Weperformed the method establishment and evaluation in this study. A HPLC-UV system (high performance liquid chromatography plus ultraviolet detector) was used to establish the method. The linearity, imprecision, recovery rate, limit of detection, lower limit of measuring interval and carryover of the method were evaluated. The stability of iohexol under different storage conditions, the differences of iohexolbetween serum and plasma concentrations, and the drug′s interference with the method were evaluated preliminarily. The single sample t test was used for the stability test of iohexolin samples, and the Wilcoxon symbol rank sum test was used for the comparison of iohexol concentrations between serum and plasma.Results:The linearity of iohexol ranging from 5 to 250 μg/ml ( R2=0.999 9) and from 250 to 4 000 μg/ml ( R2=0.999 8); when the concentration of iohexol was 20-3 000 μg/ml, the intra-and inter-assay coefficient of variation were 1.63% to 3.31% and 2.10% to 4.09%, respectively. The recovery rate was 94.17% to 106.13%; the limit of detection was 1 μg/ml and the lower limit of measuring interval was 5 μg/ml; it shows no carryover at the concentration of iohexol 4 000 μg/ml; after 48 hours at room temperature storage, the relative deviation of the concentration was -5.55% to +5.58%, after repeated freeze-thaw cycles 6 times at -80 ℃, the relative deviation of the concentration was -1.28% to+6.68%; there was no statistic difference between the measurement results between serum and plasma; valsartan and other drugs did not interfere with this methodsignificantly. Conclusion:Awide-range HPLC method for iohexolquantification has been established, which can stably and accurately detect the blood concentration of iohexol at low and contrast doses.

Research progress in the measurement of glomerular filtration rate / 中华检验医学杂志

The glomerular filtration rate, which reflects the filtration function of kidney, is defined as the amount of plasma filtered from the kidney per unit of time. It cannot be measured directly, but only indirectly by the clearance rate of substances with specific properties. At present, the estimated GFR based on creatinine and(or) cystatin C has been gradually popularized, and its estimated formulas are all mathematical fitting formulas based on measured GFR. Different estimated formulas refer to different GFR measurement methods, which may lead to differences in GFR estimation. In this paper, several factors of GFR measurement by the clearance rate of substances, including material characteristics, clearance types, blood collection times and time points of plasma clearance, and comparison of different GFR measurement methods, are reviewed, and the new GFR measurement materials are briefly introduced. The plasma clearance of iohexol has a good application prospect because of its operability, easy standardization and promotion. Metabolomics has the potential to discover new markers for the measurement of GFR.

Detection of Pseudorabies Virus Antibodies in Human Encephalitis Cases / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a veterinary pathogen that infects domestic animals as well as wild animals such as wild boar and feral swine, was recently reported to infect human and led to endophthalmitis and encephalitis. A retrospective seroepidemiologic survey was conducted using 1,335 serum samples collected from patients with encephalitis and ELISA positive rates were 12.16%, 14.25%, and 6.52% in 2012, 2013, and 2017, respectively. The virus neutralizing antibody titers of positive samples correlated well with ELISA results. The pseudorabies virus antibody positive rate of patients with encephalitis were higher than that of healthy people in 2017. The above results suggest that some undefined human encephalitis cases may be caused by PRV infection.

Effect of Dredging Correcting Manipulation on Stunting in Children with cblC Methylmalonic Aciduria / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To observe the effect of Dredging Correcting Manipulation on cblC methylmalonic aciduria (MMA). Methods:From October, 2017 to October, 2018, 72 children with cblC MMA combined with growth retardation were divided into control group (n = 36) and experimental group (n = 36) according to the consent of their parents. The control group accepted routine medicine, and the experimental group received Dredging Correcting Manipulation in addition. The Griffiths Development Scale-Chinese version (GDS-C) was used to evaluate the two groups before and after treatment. At the same time, body length, body mass and head circumference were measured. Results:Six cases in the control group and five cases in the experimental group were dropped out. There was no significant difference in the development quotients of GDS-C in gross movement, personal and social, hearing and speech, hand-eye coordination, operation and total quotient between two groups before treatment (P > 0.05). After treatment, all the development quotients increased in both groups (t > 6.110, P < 0.001), and the development quotients of GDS-C in gross movement, personal and social, hand-eye coordination and total quotient were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t > 2.154, P < 0.05), as well as the body length (t = 2.027, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Dredging Correcting Manipulation can promote the neuropsychological and physical development of children with cblC MMA combined with retardation.

Clinical study on Jin's three-needle therapy for post-stroke cognitive impairment / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Jin's three-needle therapy on post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and the effect on neuroelectrophysiology (event-related potentials). Methods: A total of 60 PSCI patients were selected and divided into a treatment group and a control group according to the method of random number table, with 30 cases in each group. The patients in the control group received routine treatment while the patients in the treatment group received additional Jin's three-needle therapy. The treatment for both groups lasted four weeks. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scores as well as amplitude and latency of potential 300 (P300) were adopted to compare the between-group results before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, there were no significant differences (all P>0.05) in MMSE and MoCA scores, P300 latency and P300 amplitude between the two groups. After 4 weeks of treatment, the MMSE and MoCA scores and P300 amplitudes were improved in both groups, and the P300 latencies became shorter. The results showed significant intra-group and between-group differences (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the routine treatment, Jin's three-needle therapy is effective for PSCI. The mechanism is probably through its regulation on the patients' neuroelectrophysiology.

Bisperoxovanadium protects against spinal cord injury by regulating autophagy via activation of ERK1/2 signaling.

BACKGROUND: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disease of the central nervous system with few restorative treatments. Autophagy has been regarded as a promising therapeutic target for SCI. The inhibitor of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) bisperoxovanadium (bpV[pic]) had been claimed to provide a neuroprotective effect on SCI; but the underlying mechanism is still not fully understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Acute SCI model were generated with SD Rats and were treated with control, acellular spinal cord scaffolds (ASC) obtained from normal rats, bpV(pic), and combined material of ASC and bpV(pic). We used BBB score to assess the motor function of the rats and the motor neurons were stained with Nissl staining. The expressions of the main autophagy markers LC3B, Beclin1 and P62, expressions of apoptosis makers Bax, Bcl2, PARP and Caspase 3 were detected with IF or Western Blot analysis. RESULTS: The bpV(pic) showed significant improvement in functional recovery by activating autophagy and accompanied by decreased neuronal apoptosis; combined ASC with bpV(pic) enhanced these effects. In addition, after treatment with ERK1/2 inhibitor SCH772984, we revealed that bpV(pic) promotes autophagy and inhibits apoptosis through activating ERK1/2 signaling after SCI. CONCLUSION: These results illustrated that the bpV(pic) protects against SCI by regulating autophagy via activation of ERK1/2 signaling.