Are Liberals and Conservatives Equally Motivated to Feel Empathy Toward Others?

Do liberals and conservatives differ in their empathy toward others? This question has been difficult to resolve due to methodological constraints and common use of ideologically biased targets. To more adequately address this question, we examined how much empathy liberals and conservatives want to feel, how much empathy they actually feel, and how willing they are to help others. We used targets that are equivalent in the degree to which liberals and conservatives identify with, by setting either liberals, conservatives, or ideologically neutral members as social targets. To support the generalizability of our findings, we conducted the study in the United States, Israel, and Germany. We found that, on average and across samples, liberals wanted to feel more empathy and experienced more empathy than conservatives did. Liberals were also more willing to help others than conservatives were, in the United States and Germany, but not in Israel. In addition, across samples, both liberals and conservatives wanted to feel less empathy toward outgroup members than toward ingroup members or members of a nonpolitical group.

While passing through.

Salaria Kea (O'Reilly) was one of 48 nurses who went to Spain with the medical units of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade, the American part of the International Brigades which fought with the Spanish people against Franco's forces. The Medical Bureau to Aid Spanish Democracy, in addition to organizing the ALB medical units, raised money to purchase and send to the Spanish Loyalists 70 ambulances and large quantities of medicines and medical supplies. Salaria Kea was the only black woman in the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. She was cited for courage and efficiency several times in Spanish Loyalist dispatches. These excerpts are from her unpublished memoirs. The entire memoirs will be published by the Institute of Social Medicine and Community Health's History Center.